Republic of Slovenia: likulu, chiwerengero, ndalama, chinenero

Republic of Slovenia ndi dziko laling'ono labwino kwambiri kunja kwa Ulaya. Kudera laling'ono, Alps odzikuza, Nyanja ya Adriatic, nkhalango zakuda ndi nyanja zakuya zimakhala pamodzi mwamtendere.

Mbiri ya dziko

Otsatira oyambirira anawonekera pa gawo la dziko lamakono zaka 250,000 zapitazo. Mafuko a Illyrian ndi a Celtic ankakhala pano nthawi ya Iron Age, ndipo Asilavo anadza kokha m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi AD. M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri, dzikoli linatchedwa Karantia ndipo linakhala gawo la Ufumu wa Frankish. M'zaka za zana la 14, boma linakhala gawo la ufumu wa Austro-Hungary, komanso pa nkhondo za Napoleonic - mu ufumu wa France. Nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse itatha, mbali ya dziko la Slovenia inapita ku Italy, ndi ena onse - ku Ufumu wa Yugoslavia. Monga gawo la Yugoslavia, Slovenia inatsalira nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, koma mu 1990, anthu ambiri adasankha ufulu wawo. Mu 1991, idakhala boma lodziimira payekha, mu 2004 linalumikizana ndi NATO ndi European Union. Ndalama ya ku Slovenia inayamba kutchedwa euro, ndipo anthu anayamba kugwira nawo nawo miyezo ya ku Ulaya.

Likulu la Slovenia

Chifukwa cha kukongola kwake, likulu la dziko Ljubljana analandira dzina lachikondi la "Little Prague". Mzindawu si waukulu kwambiri ku Ulaya uli m'munsi mwa Julian Alps, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Ljubljanica. Amakhulupirira kuti nthawi yabwino kwambiri pamzindawu ndi July kapena August, pamene chingwe cha thermometer chikukwera madigiri 25. Poyenda kuzungulira mzindawo, anthu ammudzi amakonda kumayenda, ndipo ngati sangathamangire, amatha kuzungulira tsiku limodzi. Komanso, m'madera ena a Ljubljana, magalimoto amaletsedwa kulowa.

Mzinda wa Slovenia umagawidwa m'mizinda yakale komanso yatsopano, yomwe ili yonse yabwino. Malo ena otchuka kwambiri - nyumba yaikulu yakale ya Ljubljana, yomwe ili pamtunda. Kuchokera pano kuti kuona bwino mzinda wonse kumatsegulidwa. Chotsatira chotsatira, chomwe anthu okhala mumzindawu amanyadira - Presherna Square, wotchulidwa ndi ndakatulo wotchuka. Pano pali zinthu zonse zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mlengalenga wa Middle Ages, chifukwa cha zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga. Zomwe mbiri ya dzikoli imasungidwa mosungiramo zisungiramo za Ljubljana. Kuwonjezera pa Historical Museum, palinso Museum of Beer ndi Museum Tobacco. Mnyamata wamkulu samakonda kuphonya ndikusangalala kumakhala nthawi zamabwalo a usiku, kupita ku discos ndi masewera.

Maribor

Mzinda wachiwiri waukulu ku Slovenia umadziwika kuti ndilo pakati pa malo otchedwa Lower Styria. Mwachivomerezedwe amakhulupirira kuti inakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za zana la 13, ngakhale kuti maumboni ake mu annals amakumana kale. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mzindawo wakhala ukukula ndikukula. Lero ndi limodzi mwa malo ofunikira kwambiri m'misika. Kuwonjezera apo, m'madera ake muli imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu a ski ndi malo odziwika kwambiri azachipatala ndi ofufuza. Zina mwa zizindikiro zolemekezeka za mzindawo zikhoza kudziwika kuti ndi malo akuluakulu, pakati pa zaka za zana la 18, chigawo cha chikumbutso chinakhazikitsidwa pofuna kulemekeza kutha kwa mliriwu. Palinso mpingo wa St. Alloysia wa m'ma 1800 komanso mpingo wa St. Barbara wa zaka za m'ma 1700. Yunivesite yotchuka ya Maribor inayamba kukhalapo zaka zoposa zana zapitazo, koma yayamba kale kudziwika kwambiri m'dziko lake ndi kupitirira. Ophunzira ambiri m'masukulu a Slovenia amasankha mapulogalamu ake ndikupitiriza kuphunzira m'makoma ake.

Cholinga

Mzinda wachitatu waukulu kwambiri ku Slovenia ndizofunikira kwambiri m'dziko lino. Choyamba, ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha makina ake aakulu a Celje Castle, omwe anamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1500. Chaka chilichonse, anthu okhala mumzindawu amakonza masewera okondwa komanso okondwa. Poyesa kubwezeretsanso moyo wamasiku apakati, amavala zovala zapamwamba, amakonza mipira ndikupanga mipikisano yokhota. Kuphatikiza pa izo, inu mukhoza kuwona mabwinja a makoma akale a Roma ndi malo onse okumbidwa pansi zakale kunja.

Ndalama za Slovenia

Kubwerera mu 2007, ndalama za boma zinali euro. Dziko la Slovenia silinkafunikiranso tola, lomwe panthaŵi yake linaloŵa m'malo mwa Yudoslavia dinar. Alendo a dzikoli amalimbana molimba mtima mabanki, mahotela, mabungwe oyendayenda, maofesi osinthanitsa ndi ofesi.

Zosangalatsa

• Nthaŵi ku Slovenia imayendetsa dziko la Moscow kwa ola limodzi m'chilimwe komanso awiri m'nyengo yozizira. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa ndi alendo.
• Chiwerengero cha Slovenia chiri pafupifupi anthu 1.9 miliyoni.
• Malo odyera panyanja, malo osungirako malo komanso malo odyera masewera oyenda pansi amachititsa chidwi alendo ochepa kupita ku Slovenia.
• Chiyankhulo chodziwika ndi boma ndi Slovenian. Pakati pa malire a boma, udindo wa zilankhulidwe za boma ndi Chi Hungarian ndi Chiitaliya.
• Anthu oposa 75% a m'derali amadziona kuti ndi Akatolika.
• Slovenia ndi boma la parliament, loyendetsedwa ndi pulezidenti wosankhidwa kwa zaka zisanu.

Chikhalidwe cha Slovenia

Art ndi chikhalidwe zimakhala malo apadera m'mitima ya anthu a m'dziko lino. Zoona zake n'zakuti Slovenia kawirikawiri inapita kumayambiriro kwa mayiko amphamvu ndipo kawirikawiri imaika pangozi kutaya chidziwitso chake. Ndicho chifukwa chake, kuyambira ubwana, Slovenes amaphunzitsa nyimbo ndi kuvina nyimbo, zikondwerero za zikondwerero zimakhala zikuchitika m'dzikomo ndipo zikondwerero zamtundu zimakondwerera. Komanso, anthu okhala mmudzimo samatsutsana ndi maholide achipembedzo monga Khirisimasi ndi Isitala.

Mzimu wa Middle Ages

M'gawo la dziko laling'onoli muli nyumba zambiri zamfumu ndi nyumba zachifumu. Masiku ano nyumba zosungiramo zojambulajambula ndi ma holo amsonkhanowu zili mkati mwawo. Anthu am'deralo amakonda zikondwerero komanso amalemekeza miyambo yakale. Pamaso pa Khirisimasi amavala zovala zodetsa nkhaŵa ndikuyenda nyumba ndi nyumba, akuwonetsa akufa chaka chino. Zimakhulupirira kuti kusunga mwambo umenewu kumabweretsa anthu chimwemwe ndi kupambana mu bizinesi. Pa zochitika zokhudzana ndi chonde, anthu amavalanso zovala zambiri ndikuvala masikiti oopsa kuti awopsyeze nyengo yozizira. Koma chikondwerero chowala kwambiri ndi chochititsa chidwi kwambiri chikuchitikira ku Maslenitsa, chomwe chili ku Slovenia chimatchedwa Pust. Mitengoyi imadutsa nyumba, zikondwerero za zikondwerero zimachitika paliponse ndipo maukwati amasewera.

Cuisine ya Slovenia

Mutha kudya kuno nthawi iliyonse ndi malo aliwonse, popeza ngakhale mumudzi wawung'ono mungapeze malo odyera kapena cafe. Malo odyetserako anthu amagawuni amapatulidwa mu makalasi, omwe, mwatsoka, samangosonyeza nthawi zonse zomwe zikuchitika. Zina mwazochita zamakono zamtundu, alendo amatha kusiyanitsa nkhumba zodyera, "shtrukli" (mipira ya mtanda wophikidwa ndi minced nyama) ndi nyama zouma "prsut". Mmodzi mwa mapulogalamu otchuka a Slovenia ndi "nkhuku" (pies ndi mtedza), "gibanitsa" (mkuta woumba ndi mbewu za poppy, mtedza, mphesa zoumba, maapulo ndi tchizi, mafuta ndi zonona), komanso "kirimu" Manyowa a kirimu ndi kirimu ya vanilla).

Maulendo a zamtundu

Dziko laling'ono la Slovenia lili ndi zida zoyendetsa zoyendetsa. Kulikonse mumzinda uliwonse ukhoza kufika pa basi. Chizindikiro cha ulendo wopita ku mtengo wotsika mtengo komanso wabwino kwambiri ukugulitsidwa m'makampani onse, komanso mwachindunji kwa woyendetsa. Anthu okhala mumzinda nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ulendo wopanda malire, wopangidwa kwa sabata imodzi. Pali njira yabwino kwambiri yotumizira njanji, ndipo sitimayi imatha kufika pafupifupi kulikonse mu dziko mwa kugula tikiti pa ofesi ya sitima ya sitima, ofesi ya alendo kapena sitima yokha. Omwe amayenda kuyenda ndi katundu wawo akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto yawo kapena kubwereka padera. Kwa lendi kuli kokwanira kupereka khadi la ngongole la banki iliyonse kapena kuikapo chiphaso, chomwe chimadalira mtundu wa galimoto. Zomwe mukufunikirazi ndi zaka zoposa 21 komanso kupezeka kwa chilolezo choyendetsa galimoto padziko lonse chaka chimodzi chapitacho.

Zochitika

Ngakhale kuti ndi yaing'ono, Slovenia ili ndi malo ambiri osangalatsa komanso osiyana kwambiri. Chilengedwe chodabwitsa, nyanja zapadera, mapiri apamwamba ndi chidutswa cha nyanja zimalimbikitsa anthu a m'dzikoli ndi alendo ake kuti abwerere ku malo okongolawo mobwerezabwereza. Mizinda ya Slovenia imakhala ndi alendo okhala ndi zomangamanga zachilendo, nyumba zakale, akachisi ndi abbeys. Komanso simungathe kulephera kutchula paki ya dziko, labyrinth ya pango la Postojna lomwe likuyenda mtunda wa makilomita 23, ndi mapanga a Karst a Postojna-Yam, otchuka chifukwa cha stalactites ndi stalagmites.

Malo osungirako zakuthambo

Malire a Slovenia kumadzulo kwa Julian Alps, omwe amapereka malo ogona kwa okonda zosangalatsa zachisawawa. Kotero, Kranjska Gora ikuphatikizapo malo akuluakulu a ski: makamaka Kranjska Gora, Planica ndi Podkoren. Njira yabwinoyi, yomwe ili pafupi ndi malire a Austria ndi Italy, ndi yabwino kwa oyamba kumene ndi ana. Ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amabwera kudzapumula mabanja onse. Nthaŵi zambiri mumatha kukumana ndi anthu oyandikana nawo. Kuwonjezera pa kusewera ndi kutchipa, mumatha kupita kumapiri, kudzikondweretsa nokha kumapiri kapena kukonda zachilengedwe zachilengedwe.

Mafilimu a masiku otentha a nyengo yozizira amafika ku Bovec, malo okwera kwambiri a mapiri, komanso ku Maribor Pohorje wotchuka kwambiri, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 17 kuchokera kumalire a Austria. Gawo la njira yotsiriza m'mbuyomu linali la nthawi yaitali ku Ufumu wa Austro-Hungary, koma makamaka unali ndi Slovenes. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, gawo ili la dzikoli linapita ku Germany ndipo kenaka linakhala ufulu. Lero Maribor Pohorje ndi chikhalidwe cha chigawo cha Lower Styria.

Malo ochiritsira ndi otentha a Slovenia

Republic of Slovenia ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha malo ake odyetsera thanzi. Mankhwala othandizira alimi akukulirakulira muzipatala zachipatala za dziko lino, zomwe zimakopa makasitomala ochokera konsekonse. Rogaška Slatina, yomwe ili kummawa kwa dzikolo, amapatsa alendo ake madzi amchere, balneotherapy ndi zakudya zodyera. Chaka chilichonse, anthu ambiri oyendera alendo ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, oyandikana nawo oyandikana nawo ochokera ku Austria ndi Italy, komanso anthu ena amtundu wathu amabwera pamalo otchuka kwambiri ku Slovenia Riviera Portorož. Pano iwo amachiritsidwa ndi madzi a m'nyanja, amapanga madzi otentha, amapereka maphunziro a mankhwala a thalassotherapeutic, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kusisita ndi mapulogalamu a kusamalira nkhope ndi thupi. Mzinda wa Slovenia umatchuka chifukwa cha malo a Lashko, omwe ali pamtsinje wa Savene. Ndili mumzinda wokongolawu, wozunguliridwa ndi mapiri akuluakulu, ndi malo osungirako zamadzi ozizira kwambiri masiku ano.

Bled

Nyanja ya Bled imadyetsedwa ndi akasupe otentha, motero imakhala ndi madzi oundana kwambiri mu chisanu. Alendo amakopeka osati zokongola zokongola zokha, komanso zojambula zachilendo, zachilendo zamakono, komanso zitsime zamtundu wapadera. M'nyengo yozizira, malo ozungulira nyanja amakhala malo otchuka othamanga, oyenera othamanga ndi oyamba kumene. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, anthu okhala ndi alendo awo amasangalala ndi maulendo a njinga zamapiri, kupita ku gombe, kukwera mahatchi, kukayendera malo opita ku gofu ndi khoti la tenisi. Panyanja iwo amakonda kupita kukawedza kapena kupita kukayenda pamabwato okondweretsa. Chokopa chachikulu cha malo ano ndi nyumba ya Bled ya m'zaka za zana la 12, kumene tsopano pali malo odyera ndi malo oyambirira.

Bohinj

Nyanja ya Bohinj ili pakatikati pa Phiri la Triglav, osati pafupi ndi chizindikiro cha Slovenia - Phiri la Triglav. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, alendo omwe amabwera kunyanja amakonda kusambira ndi kuwombera m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kumayenda kumapiri ndi kukwera njinga. Okonda abanja amabwera kuno kuti azisangalala ndi chilengedwe, monga malo operekera njira yabwino kwambiri kuposa nyanja. Anthu amene amakonda kupita ku tchuti, amachita lendi zida zofunikira zamasewera. Achinyamata a masewera oopsa amachita nawo mapiri, rafting, canyoning, paragliding, paragliding ndi masewera ena ambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, pali malo akuluakulu okwera masewera ku Bochin, omwe amagwirizanitsa madera angapo othawirako. Kuwonjezera apo, pali sukulu yabwino kwambiri yopita ku ski, m'dzikoli muli malo otsetsereka komanso malo okwera mapiri. Kuthamanga mu nthawi yawo yaulere kupita ku dziwe lakumudzi, kupita ku discos, kupita ku malo odyera ndi amwenye, kuyamikila mathithi ozizira ndi kulawa vinyo wokoma.

Kutsiliza

Slovenia yaing'ono komanso yokondweretsa kwambiri ndiyo chitsanzo chapadera cha kupirira, changu ndi kudzipatulira. Ngakhale m'nthaŵi zovuta, izo zinapangitsa mbiri yakale ndi chikhalidwe, zikhoza kukweza chuma ndi kukhala malo oyendera bwino alendo. Bungwe la masiku ano la Republic of Slovenia limanyadira mbiri ndi chikhalidwe chawo, limatsitsimutsa miyambo, imayambitsa sayansi ndi masewera.