Portocaval anastomosis monga njira yothetsera mavuto ndi matenda a chamoyo

Thupi lathu ali bwino mozama dongosolo la kufalitsidwa. Mu nkhani ya mavuto chilichonse cha kufalitsidwa ina ndi anazimitsa m'madipatimenti, chimene chayambitsa ndi kukhalapo kwa anastomoses. Komanso, collaterals izi nthawi zina kumatanthauza zizindikiro matenda a matenda ena.

Venous Mitsempha anthu m'magulu atatu lalikulu dongosolo la mtsempha zipata m'munsi ndi chapamwamba mphako mitsempha. Aliyense wa magulu awa amapereka outflow magazi ochokera m'madera ena a thupi. Pakati pawo pali mankhwala omwe amatchedwa portocaval ndi kava caval anastomoses. Chotero, ngati munthu wa a kwachitika, monga blockage wa mitsempha, ndiye chifukwa kukhalapo kwa zopatuka venous outflow wapulumutsidwa.

Tsopano tione anastomoses portocaval. Iwo mankhwala a m'mitsempha zipata (v Porta.) Ndipo m'munsi kapena chapamwamba mphako venous (v cava otsika neri apamwamba.) Ndipo kukhala ndi malo awa:

- ya kum'mero m'munsi. The magazi m'mitsempha zipata akulowa mitsempha m'mimba, ndiwo ambiri anastomose ndi esophageal. mitsempha Esophageal Zikatero, ikuyenda mu unpaired ndi hemiazygos mitsempha kuti loyenda kwa v. cava wapamwamba;

- rectum. Phunzirani kutulutsa magazi ikuchitika magwero atatu kuchokera pamwamba, pakati komanso mbali m'munsi mwa izo. magazi umayenda kuchoka kumtunda kwa m'munsi mesenteric mtsempha, pakati - kwa iliac mkati ndipo potsiriza pansi - mu kugonana mkati (hereinafter mu iliac mkati). Mwachibadwa, mu makulidwe a pa rectum n'zokhudza ndi kupanga anastomoses portocaval;

- zapambuyo m'mimba khoma (padziko mphete umbilical). Zovuta anastomosis akatswiri amene ali mitsempha ya machitidwe onse atatu. Portal mtsempha ndi umbilical mtsempha amene anakonza mu mtolo chiwindi zozungulira. Kuyambira aakulu vena cava mu anastomosis chapamwamba m'gulu epigastrium, koma chifukwa cha vena otsika - m'munsi epigastrium Vienna;

- impso kapisozi. M'dera limeneli, pawiri la wosakoma mesenteric mtsempha (kuchokera m'mitsempha zipata) ndi mitsempha aimpso (kuchokera pansi pa m'dzenje).

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti simuli portocaval anastomoses. Pa malo ena agwirizane chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi vena cava. mankhwala amatchedwa kava caval anastomoses. Atatu a iwo:

- zapambuyo m'mimba khoma. Kuwonjezera anastomosis ndi mtsempha zipata, m'munsi ndi dzenje chapamwamba ambiri ndi ogwirizana ndi mzake;

- vertebral plexus. Mu chapamwamba anastomoses msana mtsempha ndi malo a dongosolo m'mitsempha, mutu ndi khosi dzenje pamwamba ndi mmunsi - ndi mitsempha lumbar wa otsika vena cava. Choncho, anastomosis ndi aumbike mwa plexus vertebral;

- tinsalu. Lumbar cava (otsika vena cava) ndi unpaired ndi hemiazygos cava (vena aakulu).

Kutanthauza zopatuka wosatsutsika outflow. Mwachitsanzo, mu syndrome wa matenda oopsa zipata ndi yofunika matenda udindo portocaval anastomoses. mfundo ndi yakuti mu kukhalapo kwa matenda, ambiri mwa maonekedwe matenda chikugwirizana ndi iwo. Pali magazi kuchokera varices esophageal, komanso rectum. The chizindikiro chachikulu tingachipeze powerenga ndi "modabwitsa mutu". Izo kumaonekera pa zapambuyo khoma m'mimba ndipo anawonjezera anastomosing mtsempha. Zonsezi ndi chifukwa chakuti chifukwa cha kuthamanga zochuluka magazi zipata mtsempha likuyenderera mu njira zonse zilipo izo. Chifukwa oopsa zipata ndi chiwindi matenda, monga matenda enaake, matenda a chiwindi, ndi matenda ena neoplastic.

Choncho, pamaso pa anastomoses ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri kugwira ntchito kwa thupi. Iwo kumathandiza kwambiri njira matenda ambiri, ndipo n'zofunika kwambiri kusankha paokha thupi la mavuto osiyanasiyana, ndi matenda a pathologies ena.