PIR-kachipangizo: ofotokoza ndi malangizo kugwirizana

Nthawi zina, kachitidwe kamakono Alamu kuchita popanda zigawo imalandira. Kuti zimatulutsa tcheru angazindikire zizindikiro nkhawa pa zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Machitidwe kunyumba chitetezo, ntchito zina zimagwiridwa ndi zoyesera kuwala, zenera zipangizo masensa mantha kudziwika kutayikira ndi zina zotero. Pa. Koma pamene izo zifika ku mbali chitetezo, pamenepo malo loyamba PIR-zoyenda sensa ntchito pa mfundo cheza infra-wofiira. Izi chipangizo yaing'ono, zomwe mwina lokha zinthu monga chizindikiro cha boma m'dera anatumikira kapena kulowa wamba chitetezo zovuta. Childs, owerengeka chachiwiri asankhe ntchito kachipangizo ngati mtima kwambiri njira.

General zokhudza sensa

Pafupifupi onse masensa zoyenda tinapangidwa kudziwa m'nyumba wosaloleka. Chakale chitetezo amaganiza kuti kachipangizo adzakhala kulemba mfundo za nkhondo ya m'dera ankalamulira, kenako chizindikiro imatumizidwa chipinda kulamulira ndi zina miyeso zina adzatengedwa. Ambiri zambiri, mbendera mu mawonekedwe a SMS-mauthenga pa kutonthoza iyoyomwe chitetezo utumiki, komanso foni mwini. Pankhaniyi, chimodzi cha mitundu ya makina onga - PIR-pyroelectric sensa, amene amakhala ndi dzuwa mkulu ndi olondola. Komabe, khalidwe mbali zitsanzo izi kumatengera zifukwa zambiri - kuchokera osankhidwa chiwembu kachipangizo kusakanikirana mu chitetezo zovuta omwe amadza kunja chilengedwe pa kapangidwe ndi kudzazidwa tcheru. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti zimatulutsa zoyenda kuti si nthawi zonse ntchito ngati chida kuti adziteteze tizilomboto ndi. N'zotheka ndithu kukhazikitsa ulamuliro basi zigawo munthu wa dongosolo kuyatsa. Pankhaniyi Mwachitsanzo, chida adzakhala adamulowetsa pamene wosuta amalowa chipinda komanso wazimitsa pamene masamba izo.

Mfundo ntchito

Kumvetsa limatchula chipangizo ayenera titembenukira kwa peculiarities wa zochita za ena zipangizo crystalline. Monga ntchito transducer zinthu cholinga kupereka zotsatira polarizing pa instants pamene cheza zinachitika pa iwo. Pankhaniyi, akunena za cheza matenthedwe ku thupi. Pamene kusintha mwadzidzidzi makhalidwe a zone anaona ndiponso kusintha magetsi kumunda mwamphamvu mu galasi lapansi. Ndipotu, pachifukwa ichi ndi infuraredi PIR kachipangizo amatchedwanso pyroelectric. Ngati zoyesera onse, zipangizo zimenezi si wangwiro. Malinga ndi iwo ungatithandizire pa zizindikiro cholakwika kudziwa kapena chandamale chodabwitsa. Komabe, akaphatikiza katundu ntchito, nthawi zambiri iwo zifukwa ntchito zawo.

Features Ofunika

Waukulu opaleshoni zizindikiro, zimene ayenera kuganizira ogula ikukhudzana bwanji ndi osiyanasiyana opaleshoni ndipo luso ntchito olumikizidwa ku makina. Koma magawo Kuphunzira osiyanasiyana, m'dera ankalamulira, monga ulamuliro, ndi 6-7 m. Izi zokwanira pankhani za chitetezo cha m'nyumba ndi nyumba kwambiri. Mu ena zitsanzo, ndipo amapereka maikolofoni ntchito - gawo limeneli ndi lofunika komanso kudziwa utali wozungulira kanthu, amene akhoza kufika 10 mamita Ndi PIR-chowunikira akhoza kukhala mwachindunji kapena palokha mphamvu kotunga .. Ngati mukufuna kukonza dongosolo chitetezo, ndi bwino kugula chitsanzo ndi anamanga-mabatire, amene popanda Kulumikizana. Kenako onani nthawi imene chipangizo adzatha kusunga ntchito yake popanda chisanadze mlandu. zitsanzo Current musati amafuna kwambiri a kapezedwe mphamvu, kotero mu mkhalidwe chabe akhoza ntchito za 15-20 masiku.

Kamangidwe chipangizo

The kachipangizo nyumba Nthawi zambiri zitsulo. Mkati lili awiri galasi - ichi amadziŵa zinthu matenthedwe cheza. Yofunika structural mbali ya mtundu wa chowunikira ndi mtundu wa zenera mu chipolopolo zitsulo. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti kulolerana mapiri a cheza ankafuna. zosefera otere ndendende lakonzedwa kuti kumapangitsanso lolondola makhiristo. Pamaso pa zenera mu nyumba komanso nyumba kuwala gawo, yomwe imapanga zofunika yoweyula tchati chitsanzo. Nthawi zambiri, PIR-kachipangizo yatenganso Fresnel mandala, stamped pa pulasitiki. Pakuti processing ya zamagetsi ndi kale zodula phokoso ntchito ndi munda zotsatira transistor. Malowa ali pamtunda pafupi ndi timibulu mwamsanga ndipo ngakhale vuto la zodula phokoso, ena zitsanzo akhoza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ntchito ya galasi lapansi.

Dongosolo GSM mu sensa

Izi optsional adzatchedwa kwambiri, ngakhale kuti pali mbali zambiri za mfundo imeneyi. Akamanena za mitundu kudziwika mbali zoyenda ndi kachipangizo ndi GSM gawo yakeyi chifukwa chofuna kukhala ndi kudziyimira pawokha wathunthu chipangizo. Monga taonera, sensa amalankhula kwa ulamuliro wagawo chapakati imene chizindikiro kenako adza kwa ntchito chitetezo zovuta kapena mwachindunji mwini foni. Ngati ntchito PIR-zoyenda sensa ndi dongosolo GSM, kutumiza chizindikiro chochenjeza akhoza lingadzakufikireni pa nthawi ya kalembera malowedwe zoona. Kuti, sitepe mozemba mbendera ndi Mtsogoleri wapakatikati ndi analilumpha, kulola zina kupambana masekondi angapo. Ndipo ndicho osanenapo kudalilika kuwonjezeka ndi kuthetsa limasonyeza zina mu unyolo wa kufala kwa uthenga. ndi drawback wa njira imeneyi? Choyamba, amadalira ntchito GSM-kulankhulana M'malo mwake, Sachita kudalirika kwa dongosolo, koma pachifukwa chosiyana. Kachiwiri, pamaso pa gawo iyoyomwe kungasokoneze sensa - moyenera, ndi lolondola malowedwe a fixation yafupika.

mapulogalamu

Mu zovuta maofesi chitetezo kumene opha zanzeru ntchito ndi digiri yapamwamba ya zochita zokha, musati yoperekera ndi kachipangizo kudzera mwa dongosolo. Childs, opanga zikukwaniritsidwa zochitika zapadera wokonzeka ndi akonzedwa kwambiri zinthu opaleshoni. Koma ngati n'kotheka, angalenge aligorivimu ndi kachipangizo wanu kuchita nkhani zina. Iwo akhoza Integrated kudzera mapulogalamu ofunda kuti akubwera ndi zida. Childs, chipangizo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kuti kanthu chiwembu munthawi nkhawa chikukonzekera - mwachitsanzo, Kwalamulidwa aligorivimu kutumiza mauthenga, ngati chitsanzo ali unit chomwecho kupereka kulankhulana ma. Pa zina dzanja, wamba banja palibe chitetezo PIR-kachipangizo anatsogozedwa, amene ndemanga mphamvu ya cholemba Kuwafotokozera zokhudza ntchito ya munthu zigawo zikuluzikulu za kuyatsa dongosolo. Aliyense chipangizo ali microcontroller, amene ali ndi udindo kwa zochita za chipangizo mogwirizana ndi malangizo anaika pansi.

khazikitsa kachipangizo

unsembe thupi la kachipangizo wapangidwa ntchito anapereka tatifupi. m'mabokosi zambiri ntchito kapena kudzikonda pogogoda zomangira kuti m'chitetezo osati chowunikira nyumba ndi kumanga, limene poyamba Integrated. Ndipotu, njanji imeneyi zina amaperekedwa ndi mabowo kwa kumanga. Koma chinthu chachikulu mu gawo ili la ntchito - kuwerengera udindo woona wa sensa. chakuti infuraredi PIR zoyenda sensa limasonyeza tilinazo kwambiri pa zochitika komwe chinthu ndi cheza matenthedwe mitanda mundawo kwa mphamvu za. Pa dzanja lina, ngati munthu anatumiza mwachindunji chipangizo, mbendera chikukonzekera luso adzakhala kochepa. Komanso, musati ikani unit ku malo amene mosalekeza kapena intermittently poyera kuti kusintha kutentha chifukwa cha ntchito magetsi zipangizo, zitseko kutsegula mawindo kapena akuthamanga dongosolo mpweya wabwino.

Polumikiza sensa

chipangizo ayenera olumikizidwa kwa waukulu Mtsogoleri kulandirana ndi magetsi dongosolo. Mtundu wa chipangizo amapereka bolodi ndi malo mphamvu okwanira. The zambiri ntchito gwero ndi voteji wa 9-14 V, ndi mowa panopa akhoza kukhala 12-20 MA. Childs, opanga mwachindunji makhalidwe magetsi mwa kulemba osachiritsika. kugwirizana ndi mmodzi wa njira muyezo kulola kuti ntchito chitsanzo yeniyeni. Mu ena embodiments, akhoza chokhudzana popanda PIR-kachipangizo Kulumikizana, ndiye mwachindunji maukonde. Ndi mtundu wa nyumba gulu, amene anaika kutchire ndi kuthamanga machitidwe omwewo kuyatsa. Ngati inu kwabasi kachipangizo chitetezo njira yotere silingakhale yoyenera.

mokoma opareshoni

Mwamsanga pambuyo unsembe ndi kugwirizana chipangizo ayenera anapereka magawo opaleshoni akadakwanitsira. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha tilinazo amenable mphamvu cheza Kuphunzira zosiyanasiyana ndipo T. D. The zatsopano Mabaibulo analola programmable ndipo angathe kukuthandizani Kukonza sensa ntchito magawo malingana opaleshoni zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati inu kulumikiza ndi PIR-sensa ndi Mtsogoleri chapakati kugwirizana ndi anthu opha kutentha, amafotokozera kachipangizo siyana kuchuluka kwa magawo yovuta cheza analandira pamaziko a deta kutentha.

The sensa mu "Arduino" dongosolo

Ovuta "Arduino" Ndi mmodzi wa anthu otchuka machitidwe kulamulira nyumba zochita zokha. Izi ndiye Mtsogoleri kuti zikugwirizana magwero kuwala, kachitidwe Multimedia, heaters ndi zipangizo zina zapakhomo. Zimatulutsa mu zovuta lino kusatha-zinchito zipangizo - iwo okha kutumikira monga zizindikiro, Malinga amene amanena unit chapakati ndi microprocessor amalandira njira makamaka mogwirizana ndi aligorivimu kuwonjezekeredwa. Kulumikizitsidwa PIR-chowunikira "Arduino" kupyolera mu njira zitatu, zomwe linanena bungwe digito mbendera ndi kupereka mizere ndi osiyana polarity - GND ndi VCC.

Popular zitsanzo PIR-kachipangizo

Ambiri makamaka masensa zilipo Chinese opanga, choncho ndi wokonzeka kukudzazani ndi mavuto magetsi. Kugula moona apamwamba kachipangizo kungakhale kokha mu kasinthidwe ndi opha. Komabe, ambiri alemekezeke zoyenda sensa PIR MP Alert A9, amene ngakhale ali gawo bajeti, koma msonkhano osiyana abwino ndi zabwino makhalidwe ntchito. Mu chidwi chake, ndi zitsanzo monga SENSOR GH718 ndi HC-SR501. Izi masensa otsegula mtundu umenewo akhoza amabisa kapena m'gulu lalikulu la Mtsogoleri mosavuta. Mokhudzana ndi katundu zikugwira ntchito, ndi utali wozungulira Kuphunzira zitsanzo anafotokoza ndi 5-7 m, ndi moyo batire - pafupifupi masiku 5.

Zingati unit?

Poyerekeza ndi Tags mtengo wa zida zamakono ma siginalo, sensa wokongola kwambiri. Total 1,5-2 zikwi. P. mugule apamwamba lachitsanzo, ngakhale kukodzedwa kasinthidwe. Pafupifupi mophweka PIR-kachipangizo Akuti pa ndalama osati choposa chikwi. Chinthu china n'chakuti kudalirika ndi durability mu nkhani iyi funso. Sitiyenela kuganiza kuti mbali si ndalama monga mbali ya dongosolo Integrated chitetezo. Ngakhale chitetezo cha yaing'ono m'nyumba akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dazeni masensa amenewa, omwe amafunika ndi zida wothandiza kwa ogwiritsa ndi kugwirizana.

Pomaliza

Zadzidzidzi zigawo zikuluzikulu kwenikweni mu ndondomeko zotchinjiriza ali ukasintha anasintha mmene ntchito. Pa dzanja limodzi, zoyesera alola za mulingo watsopano maofesi a bungwe la chitetezo, ndi pa zina - ndi zovuta zomangamanga luso, osati kutchula kasamalidwe dongosolo. Wokwanira kuti kuti PIR-kachipangizo Arduino luso lawo kuulula kwathunthu kokha pamene mapulogalamu ntchito basi. Ndipo interacts osati ndi chizindikiro mwachindunji za nkhondo ya registrars, komanso ndi masensa zina zothandiza nchito zake. Pa yomweyo, opanga kufunafuna ndi atsogolere ntchito ya ogwiritsa okha. Zipangizo iyi zikugwira ntchito wirelessly, masensa ali athandizira zigawo kasamalidwe ntchito mafoni anzeru, ndi zina zotero D..