Cheza matenthedwe

Matenthedwe cheza (cheza) ndi kulanda mphamvu matenthedwe operekedwa ndi mafunde mu atomu m'thupi wina ndi mzake. Vutolo limachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu mkati mwa thupi. Pankhaniyi yoweyula kutalika ranges ku micrometers 0,74 kwa 1000. Bakuman kuti ndi kutalika ena, ndi chosakanikirana ndi thupi kenako kudutsa m'mlengalenga. Chinthu chidwi ndi cheza angayambe osati malo makamaka, komanso zingalowe m'malo a. Zimenezi amapanga kutentha - unit wa mphamvu.

Matenthedwe cheza angayambe chifukwa zochita mankhwala kapena nyukiliya wa kubalalika atomu, komanso ndi kanthu makina pa chinthu. Mphamvu imene yamasulidwa imafalikiranso kudzera kukhudzana, i.e. zimachitika pakati pa zinthu kutentha ndi otsika ndi ntchito zakumwa zoyendera kapena mpweya, kapena cheza (kutentha kutengerapo kuchokera ku gwero nkhaniyo). The njira yamasika bwino kwambiri kupanga kutentha. Kutentha cheza kunyamula mphamvu, ndipo pamene afika pa phunziro, mphamvu imeneyi imatsala - ndi zinthu ndi mkangano. Pamene zinthu ziwiri ndi kutentha osiyana amakhudzana ndi mzake, aumbike mwa otaya kutentha, amene ikutha pamene kutentha thupi poyerekeza. Choncho, kutentha cheza amapezeka. Zimenezi angayambe chikhalidwe, mwachitsanzo, mu mlengalenga, ndi njira yokumba, monga nyali incandescent.

Tikumbukenso kuti aliyense thupi masewero kuwala mosadodometsedwa ndi zimatenga kuwala kwa matupi ena. Ngati kumene matenthedwe mgwirizano chilichonse mtsinje chinthu ndi panamveka ndi odzipereka cheza adzakhala yemweyo. Pankhaniyi tikhoza kulankhula za pakalibe njira kutentha ndi kuzizira pakati nyengo. Pamene kutentha kwa chinthu china ndi apamwamba kuposa ena onse, akale limatulutsa mphamvu matenthedwe Pamlingo kuposa kuyamwa izo kwa thupi ena. Pano mukhoza kulankhula za kukhalapo kwa kutentha kutengerapo pakati nyengo.

Taonani kuti kutentha cheza ndi iye yekha, ndi makhalidwe ake.

Amadziwika kuti zinthu ndi usavutike ndi kutentha, ndi magetsi. zodabwitsazi akutchulidwa cheza monga matenthedwe. Timachita ntchito kusuntha mamolekyulu kwa thunthu ndi kutentha pamwamba ziro. Choncho, mkulu kutentha chimachokera yochepa yoweyula kuonekera pa otsika - infuraredi yaitali.

Taganizirani chitsanzo cha zodabwitsazi. Choncho, malawi nthawi zambiri usavutike ndi emitters magetsi kutentha. Pamene umuna chofiira ndi helices matenthedwe ndi cheza kuwoneka. Ndipo cheza infuraredi amanyamula kutentha, umene usavutike ndi malo.

Kutentha cheza - mtundu cheza ndi mgwirizano kuti si kusintha magawo macroscopic. Zonse mitundu cheza si a mgwirizano.

Akamanena za cheza onse mofanana. Iwo anapereka mu mawonekedwe a mafunde mu atomu pochulukitsa m'malere. Matenthedwe mphamvu aumbike mwa kupoletsa mphamvu mkati mwa mchitidwe mkangano. chiwerengero cha mtundu uwu wa mphamvu zimadalira kutentha ndi thupi katundu wa thupi, amene limatulutsa.

Matenthedwe cheza amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu njira zachilengedwe ndi zochita za anthu. Dzuwa kwambiri kutentha Redieta. The mwamphamvu cheza matenthedwe pafupifupi 1.3 W / m2.

Choncho, pa thermodynamic mgwirizano mbali zonse za dongosolo ndi kutentha yomweyo. Mphamvu ya cheza matenthedwe omwe umachokera kwa aliyense wa thupi kulipidwa ndi mphamvu yomwe chosakanikirana ndi deta thupi. Chotero njira akutchedwa mgwirizano matenthedwe umuna.