Phiri Qomolangma: location ndi ndondomeko

Njira ya yaitali phiri lamba chilengedwe adamupondera kudzera lonse la Europe ndi ku Asia. Iye anatenga ku phazi la French Alps, chimafikira kwa malo lotseguka South Vietnam. Wamkulukulu phiri unyolo msana chachikulu anazindikira HimalayasI.

Wamkulu phiri ngati zovutitsa mantha yoweyula, amene walandiridwa kumka Kumwamba. Crest ya mafunde, atapanga mu mwala, ali pamwamba Wamkulu HimalayasI. Kwenikweni Himalaya osiyanasiyana, anakafika pamodzi borderland la Tibet ndipo Nepal, anagwirizana 11 mfundo. Aliyense osiyanasiyana phiri payenera owonjezera mamita 8000.

maina mbiri ya apamwamba mapiri

Pano, "mokhalamo wa chisanu wosatha" m'dziko la China, izo anatambasula Phiri Qomolangma - apamwamba a Himalaya "eyiti thousanders" osiyanasiyana. Mu mapiri akuluakulu kuuluka mu mlengalenga pa msinkhu zosaneneka, pali mayina awiri. Nepal anthu dzina Sagarmatha - "The Ambuye wa kumwamba."

Tibetans kuitana Chomolungma pamwamba (yomasulira - "wamkazi wa Dziko Lapansi"). A ku Ulaya, ndi - nsonga ya phiri la Everest. Iwo dzina lake phiri pamene India ankakumana nazo nyengo ya kulamulira, m'goli la Great Britain, ndi utumiki mtunda wa boma akapolo lotsogoleredwa ndi Major D. Everest, amene anaphunzira m'patali dongosolo phiri.

Top wa dziko

Himalaya massif imatengedwa kuti ndi malo apadera. Mu ngodya iyi yodabwitsa magwero a Indus ndi Ganges. Chinese Phiri Qomolangma ndi udindo wake mkulu ankadziwika kale anthu a ku America. Chimonko Chitibeta pa phazi kumpoto kwa "pamwamba pa thambo," maziko ena obisika Ronkbuk akuchitira lero.

Munthu loyang'ana mkati cloister bwalo kusangalala zazikulu pamaso - chidwi mapiri a kukongola zidzasintha. Kozama pachimake chosangalatsa anamva m'phirimo mipita pafupi iwo makilomita kwambiri.

mapangidwe Everest

osiyanasiyana Himalaya, malinga Akatswiriwa, unapangidwa mu nthawi ya wakale Africa Gondwana kugawanika. Chile anathyola bwalolo. Indian mbale akusuntha mu njira kumpoto, nathamanga kulowa Chip Eurasian. Kujowina wa mbale zone anali psinjika wa kutumphuka ndi mapangidwe makutu yaikulu, amene adayitana HimalayasI.

Himalaya dongosolo phiri anapanga atatu chachikulu siteji kuti kufalitsa kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera. Ndi ang'onoang'ono kutalika "predgimalai" kum'mwera kupanga sitepe. Kutalika kwa zitunda ndi za 1000 m.

siteji Middle ndi magulu, mkuuka 3500 m. Mbali ya kumpoto pamwamba pa nsonga ndi mu osiyanasiyana 6000-8000 m. The M'lifupi mwa phiri Mitandadza 80-90 Km.

Kukula kwa Himalaya mapiri si inaimitsidwa mpaka tsopano. Asayansi kutsimikizira kuti kutalika la Himalaya zikuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi 3-10 mm. The mapiri ndi 75 nsonga kuti olumpha kutalika mamita 7000. Nepalese Himalaya ankaona Mwambamwamba.

Ndipo pamwamba zitunda zonse kukwera phiri Qomolangma. pamwamba ake ali kuti? Iwo umaposa pa thambo wosatha wa Chinese. Pachimake apamwamba phiri la Everest wazunguliridwa ndi nsonga zina chimphona kuti apange weniweni "denga la dziko" yogwilizana kumwamba lapansi.

Phiri Everest

Mountain pachimake, monyadira zotulutsa kwa chisanu wosatha la Himalaya, amakopa alendo ukulu ndi osonyeza kukongola. A zambiri za okwera kulota kugonjetsa otsetsereka a massif chachikulu kupanga piramidi zitatu amaganiza. Kuthana iwo kovuta phiri njira anatambasula mamita 8,848 (ichi ndi kutalika kwa phiri Qomolangma) - mwayi waukulu!

Kutalika yeniyeni pachimake anakhazikitsa oyeza British mu 1852. Kuyambira pamenepo anayesetsa zoyesayesa zambiri zimene nditakana ulamuliro wa Everest. Komabe, iwo mobwerezabwereza debunked chifukwa alephera.

Ngakhale zambiri nsonga okwezeka kuti dziko phiri maofesi anamvera okwera kuti "seventhousander" ndi "eyiti thousanders" omwe anapanga Phiri Qomolangma, Everest, ngati inu mungatero, ndi okwera sankadziwa mmene kufikako.

nyengo Everest

The steepness wa otsetsereka kum'mwera kwa kwambiri kuposa ena awiri. chisanu si kukhala pa izo, kotero pamaso pa apaulendo limapezeka maliseche thanthwe. Ena a malo otsetsereka yokutidwa ndi oundana motsatizana mpaka mamita 5000.

Malangizo ndondomeko ya Mount Qomolangma, alendo kuzindikira kuti nyengo pa "pamwamba pa dziko" ali kutali ndi omasuka. Pamene mapiri ankaimba ndi mavuto, kukhalabe expanses ake oopsa kwambiri. Thermometer mabasi pano pa kuzungulira -60 ⁰ C, ndi mphepo mluzu liwiro la 200 Km / h.

kukwera Everest

Chikoka maginito ya mfundo Dziko Lapansi apamwamba ndi osaneneka. Okwera chaka ndi chaka zimatumizidwa ku East, kumene Phiri Qomolangma ili, komwe nsonga ya nsonga zake chimphona kuboola mitambo. The mayesero kugonjetsa pamwamba n'zochulukadi, koma kuchitiridwa mgwirizano.

Everest nzeru kwambiri. Njira pachimake cha wake analamula anthu fidgety ndi akuchedwa, ankhanza ndi wosasamala. Iye zambiri kumayambitsa mavuto kwa iwo. The okwera choyamba kuyamba kukwera pa m'bandakucha wa XX atumwi, anakumana fiasco chifukwa cha zida osauka. Kwa nthawi yoyamba Phiri Qomolangma chinaperekedwa anthu mu 1953.

Okwera kosalekeza kupikisana ndi mavuto kukwera phiri la Everest. Ena amayesa kukwera otsetsereka achisanu m'nyengo yozizira. Ena akufuna kukwera pamwamba kukana kugwila oxygen. akazi Emancipated, ogwirizana gulu, yesani kuthetsa njira yovuta popanda amuna.

Komabe, anadabwa kuona kuchotsa kokha Reinhold Messner. Osaweruzika Phiri Qomolangma anam'patsa mtima kwambiri - kuika timva angapo! Iye anali kukwera yekha pa otsetsereka a kumpoto kwa pakalibe mpweya, anagonjetsa kukwera pamwamba kwa masiku 3. Mu 1992, pa nsonga ya anakwera 32 okwera mu timu Russian "Lada-Everest".

Kukwera nthawi yotsiriza

kupambana maulendowa kumadalira osati pa khalidwe zida, monga nyengo, yomwe ndiyo kumpoto ndi longitude ya Mount Qomolangma (27 ° 59'17 "p. m., 86 ° 55'31" pa. e.), komanso msinkhu wake. Komanso, okwera kugonjetsa okwera matenda, zikuchitika pa mkulu zingalowe mpweya.

Kugonjetsa pachimake chaka anatumiza 500 alendo. Boma la China ndi Nepal si mantha kupeza chifukwa lamanja kukwera otsetsereka nsonga nkhanza. Tsopano pafupifupi onse chitunda ikuchitika tsiku ndi malonda. Alendo zimagwirizana mu makampani apadera bungwe kuchira pa nsonga ya phiri la Everest.

atsogoleri Professional chidzachitike n'chiyani apaulendo pamwamba. ndalama Service okwera 65 000 dollars. kuchuluka Izi zikuphatikizapo kuwaphunzitsa makonzedwe a zida zinafunika ndi chitetezo (mmene angathere) kuphiri njira amagwira kwambiri. Pakuti acclimatization ndi chitunda limatenga 2 miyezi.