Pafupi-zida banja la zinsomba

Yosalala (weniweni) zinsomba - ndi yaikulu kwambiri, zosamveka ndiponso Big-nyama, furrowing nyanja za padziko lathuli. Dzina la banja lawo chifukwa sitili pa khosi ndi mimba ya mikwingwirima yosiyanasiyana ndi grooves, kupanga thupi kwambiri yosalala. Panopa banja la Arefai ali mamembala genera awiri ndi mitundu inayi. Waukulu mwa chinsomba banja la Arefai yosalala Cetacean - zeze. Taganizirani nyama zam'madzi mwatsatanetsatane.

Systematization wa zinsomba

Musanayambe nkhaniyo, angadziwire kuti atchule anthu onse a m'banja. The kwambiri chifukwa sali kwambiri. Maphunziro kugawanitsa awa nyama zam'madzi mitundu iwiri yokha. Choyamba - bowhead zinsomba - ukufanizidwa ndi view mmodzi wa dzina chomwecho. Chachiwiri - kum'mwera zinsomba bwino - ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu itatu: kumpoto, kum'mwera ndi Japanese. Modabwitsa, mtundu wa Greenland bowhead zinsomba mu mochedwa Miocene ndi oyambirira Pleistocene, waperekedwa ndi mitundu isanu. mafupawa awo apezeka North America ndi ku Ulaya.

Kufotokozera za m'banja

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, anthu a banja - chachikulu ndi zosamveka chimphona ndi mutu waukulu. M'litali nyama angafikire 18, ndipo nthawi zina mamita 22. thupi lawo motero ranges ku matani 30 mpaka 100. Kwenikweni, pali anthu mamita 15 m'litali. Thupi la zinsomba izi wakuda ndi yosalala pansi. Iwo alibe mikwingwirima kotenga ndi mizere, chomwe allocated kwa banja yoyenera. The zipsepse nyama zimenezi lalifupi, koma lonse, ndipo mkamwa ndi yopapatiza, koma mkulu.

Kodi iwo moyo?

Oimira banja la Zimphona yosalala moyo makamaka m'madzi nyanja, okhala Pacific, Atlantic ndi Ocean Arctic. Mwachitsanzo, chinsomba kumpoto amakhala madzi Atlantic. congener wake Japanese angapezeke mu North Pacific. view South wa m'madzi zimakhala ndi inafalitsidwa mu madzi ozizira ndi ofunda a cha Kumwera kwa dziko lapansi Dziko Lapansi. Pafupi-zida banja la zinsomba - Greenland kumalo ozizira - wakonda madzi ozizira kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. malo ake mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi kupezeka ayezi kunja uko akuyandama.

moyo zinsomba

Si kale, maphunziro potsiriza asanaganize kuti anthu a m'banja amakonda kukhala yekha. Nthaŵi zambiri iwo amachoka mu magulu a anthu 4-5, koma kenanso. Magulu a zinsomba amenewa akupezeka m'madera ndende apamwamba chakudya. Kusambira zimphona pafupifupi pa pamwamba madzi.

Asayansi amati ndondomeko kudyetsa zinsomba ngati chinachake zosangalatsa ndi zachilendo: akamadya awo tiwolokere tithe ndi pakamwa lonse-lotseguka, ndipo ngati zotsukira zingalowe, imayamwa onse a krill, zomera ndi nyama zina. Mukhozanso nkhungu wosanjikiza subcutaneous mafuta kwambiri worsens kutentha kutengerapo mu thupi la nyama zimenezi, kotero iwo konse kusambira m'madzi otentha.

Baleen zinsomba, ngati m'madzi zimakhala ena onse - ndi viviparous nyama. M'mawu ena, osati kuchita iwo kubereka moyo wamng'ono kale, koma kuwadyetsa ndi mkaka! Ndicho chifukwa kulakwitsa kukhulupirira kuti zinsomba - nsomba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, chinsomba mkaka ndi nthawi 10 chopatsa thanzi ng'ombe. N'chifukwa chake kityata yaing'ono kukula mofulumira kwambiri.

banja la King

Greenland kumalo ozizira chinsomba - waukulu wa nyama zonse zinkayimira banja. Monga tanena ino ndi nthumwi yekha wa banja eponymous. Adzaupereka kwa suborder wa baleen zinsomba. Panopa, amadziwika kuti kutalika pazipita thupi la chimphona angafikire mamita 22. Pankhaniyi, akazi amakhala lalikulu kuposa amuna. Kulemera kwa nyama izi zimasiyanasiyana matani 80 mpaka 150. Bowhead zinsomba - osiyanasiyana kwambiri. Mosavuta kuyenda pansi pa madzi kuti akuya mamita 200 ndipo bakhalani komweko kwa mphindi mpaka 40. Avereji liwiro la kayendedwe ka bowhead zinsomba - 20 km / h.

A chinsomba chachikulu pa banja la yosalala - mbiri chifukwa moyo wautali pakati inakhala. Ndi pafupifupi zaka 40, koma zimenezi si malire. Asayansi amanena kuti nthawi payekha ndithu moyo mpaka zaka 211! Ndi motsimikizika mbiri!

Kodi ndi chiyani kudya bowhead chinsomba?

Maziko a zakudya zimphona izi zomera - chakudya awo ankakonda. Greenland chinsomba kumalo ozizira wakonda kudya nyama zing'onozing'ono nkhanu (mwachitsanzo, copepods) ndi pteropods. Wamkulu zinsomba ali wonyeketsa patsiku matani 2 zomera! The ndondomeko ya kudyetsa ziweto izi si losiyana kwa mphamvu ya oimira onse a suborder wa baleen zinsomba. Zimenezi zimawathandiza otchedwa whalebone - kuchulukana mu nsagwada za mbale wapadera ikulendewera. Mmodzi wa munthu wawo ku zidutswa 320 kwa 370. Kutalika kwa aliyense mbale - mpaka mamita 4.5.

Ngati zonse za mtundu wake, chinsomba chachikulu pa banja la chimachititsanso yosalala m'kati kudyetsa ndi pakamwa potsegula mu madzi, kudula ndi thupi lake wamphamvu ndi waukulu. Iye ali ngati chimphona zingalowe m'malo zotsukira, izo imayamwa zonse zimene abwera mu njira yake. Apa ndi pamene ntchito za fyuluta zachilengedwe - whalebone. Nkhanu kukhazikika pa mbale yaikulu baleen, kenako amatipeza anafukula lilime ndi kuwameza. Kapangidwe abwino mbale ngati akulola nyama zosefera krill, omwe chifukwa kukula awo, angakhale sikukudziwika zinsomba ena.

Pafupi kutha

M'madzi zimakhala za ziweto banja anali wokongola kwambiri zinawonongedwa ndi mwamuna kale whaling kusintha ndondomeko. Ndipo onse chifukwa zinsomba n'zosavuta kuti akakole: amakhala zigawo chapamwamba madzi, anali pafupi ndi nyanja. Komanso, iwo amazengereza ndi wolemera. Mwatsoka, panopa, chiwerengero cha nyama izi ndi osauka. Mwachitsanzo, kum'mwera chinsomba lamanja ankaimira anthu 7,000, ndi kumpoto - 300 payekha. zinsomba Japanese zambiri zosaposa anthu 200.

North ndi zinsomba Japanese zalembedwa mu Red Book mitundu pangozi. Chiwerengero mofanana ndi kum'mwera, mwamwayi, pang'ono ndi pang'ono akuchira. Chidwi adakulabe mu zimphona izi chifukwa kupumula zoyendera. chakuti wambirimbiri mafuta si whalers anapha nyama kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu madzi - ndi nyama ndi yobwerera padziko madzi.