"Oak Grove", Shishkin. Zaka 30 zafunafuna choonadi ndi kukongola

Zaka za m'ma 1900 ku Russia ndi nthawi yodziwika bwino ya akatswiri ojambula ndi olemba mabuku a dziko lonse lapansi. Pakati pawo, wojambula zithunzi dzina lake Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin anatenga malo abwino kwambiri. Nkhaniyi imapanga chithunzi chimodzi - "Oak Grove". Shishkin analemba kalata mu 1887, pamene anali wojambula wokongola komanso wamtali wotchuka.

Tsatanetsatane mwachidule chojambula

II Shishkin (1832-1898), atatha maphunziro awo ku Academy of Arts, adatumizidwa kudziko lina kukaphunzira ntchito. Anaphunzira kwa zaka ziwiri ku Germany. Kwa malo amodzi, olembedwa panthawiyo ndi kutumiza kunyumba, wojambulayo adalandira udindo wa wophunzira.

II Shishkin adadabwitsa aphunzitsi ake ku Germany ndi cholembera ntchito. Zina mwazojambula zake zimayikidwa mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za Dusseldorf, pamodzi ndi ntchito zabwino za ambuye a ku Ulaya. M'nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za chithunzichi "Oak Grove". Shishkin, asanalilembere, anaganizira lingalirolo ndi kupanga zojambula zaka 30. Tinasankha zithunzi ndi zojambulazo, zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zikugwirizana ndi ntchitoyi.

Ojambula okongola

Pakati pa anthu ojambula zithunzi ku Russia, panalibenso wojambula wolimba yemwe ankadziwa bwino kujambula. Iye anadziwonetsera yekha momveka bwino mu ntchito, zomwe zimachitidwa mu liwu limodzi. Chitsanzo ndi ntchito "Mayi Ndi Mnyamata M'nkhalango" (1868). Pano pepala, cholembera, inki, mtundu wa madzi, varnish amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Miyendo yofiirira kwambiri imatulutsa kuwala kwa dzuwa, imayenda mkati mwa korona wambiri ndipo imayendetsa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yomwe ili patsogolo. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya masamba ndi tchire ting'onoang'ono pamunsi mwa mitengo ikuluikuluyi. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya monochrome, chirichonse chinatenga mawonekedwe athunthu, momwe chidziwitso chilichonse chingakhale chopanda pake. Ntchitoyi ikufanana kale ndi "Oak Grove". Shishkin anaphunzira mosamalitsa, akusangalala mosangalala ndi ntchitoyi, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nkhalango ya oak. Mu mtsuko wotsatira, tidzakhala ndi phunziro losiyana kwambiri ndi wojambula.

"Oak, kuwala ndi dzuwa"

Chikopa chokoma ndi chowala ndi zofunda zoyera pofufuza pang'ono pang'onopang'ono makungwa a mtengo wakale wazaka zana, malo a nthambi zake, masewero a kuwala, omwe mwanjira zosiyanasiyana amaunikira malo ena ndi mithunzi yowala. Musadutse mbuyeyo, ngati nthambi zouma za mtengowo zikugwa, momwe udzu umamera mozungulira, momwe mitengo imayima kumbuyo. M'tsogolo muno, ntchitoyi idzachotsa chithunzi pa chithunzi "Oak Grove".

Shishkin mumadzi osewera amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wosiyana kwambiri, wowutsa mudyo komanso wodzaza ndi madzi kuposa momwe amachitira mafuta ambiri. Wojambulayo amasangalala ndi moyo wathunthu kwa wowona wa ntchito yaying'ono (26x20 cm). Phokoso lokhalokha lokhalokha m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndilo luso lapadera lomwe limatsogolera "Oak Grove". Shishkin, akugwira ntchito m'madera ena, nthawi zonse ankakumbukira nkhalango za oak ndipo ankafuna kukonzekera chithunzi chawo.

Sketch of the 90s

Ntchito ina yaying'ono (22x28 cm) ndi "Oaks pansi pa kuwala". Phunziro - kale pafupi ndi chithunzi cha Shishkin "Oak Grove": chimodzimodzi silhouettes ya mitengo, kokha apo. Sitiroko mwamsanga imatsuka masamba a mitengo kukhala imodzi. Wojambulayo amalingalira za mawonekedwe a mtsogolo ndipo amaphunzira mosamala kuwala ndi mthunzi. Izi, osati kufufuza zambiri - ntchito yaikulu ya zojambulazo. Chithunzi cha Shishkin "Oak Grove" chidzalembedwa chimodzimodzi, koma mosiyana. Mbuyeyo adzasintha malo a mitengo patsogolo ndi momveka bwino, ndi molondola zithunzi, akuwonetsa nkhalango ya thundu.

«Oak Grove», Shishkin: kufotokoza

Nkhokweyi imasonyeza nkhalango yosadziwika, yomwe imamangidwa ndi dzuwa la chilimwe. Poyamba - chimphona chachikulu kwambiri, chinapulumuka kwa zaka zopitirira zana limodzi. Pano khalidwe la khalidwe la wojambula lidawonetseredwa mwathunthu - kusamala pojambula zonse zochepa kwambiri. Masambawa, omwe amafika pamapeto, ndi udzu wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, wokhala ndi mphepo, ndi miyala, yowonjezereka ndi moss.

Kale ndi mphamvu ya mitengo ya maolivi molingana ndi "zofanana" ndi mfundo zochepa: maluwa, udzu, tchire, mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yaing'ono. Kukongola ndi mphamvu ya nkhalango ya oak imafalitsidwa kudzera mu korona yofalitsa yomwe imawoneka kuti ikufikira kumwamba ndi makwinya ndi mapepala osiyana pa mitengo ikuluikulu yopanda kupezeka, mwa ufulu ndi malo pakati pa mitengo. Iwo amamasuka. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi malo ake omwe. Chikhalidwe ichi cha nkhalango ya oak chinkazindikiridwa mosapita m'mbali ndi wojambula ndipo chinasamutsidwa ku kanema.

Dzuŵa limasefukira fanolo ndipo limapanga chisamaliro chosasamala komanso chopanda madzi. Mafunde ake ndi mawanga, akusewera pa udzu ndi mitengo ikuluikulu, amapanga kusiyana ndi mithunzi yakuya pansi ndikupatseni moyo weniweni. "Oak Grove" - luso lopangidwa ndi I. I. Shishkin, imodzi mwa nsonga za ntchito yake. Pa ichi timatsiriza kufotokoza chithunzi cha Shishkin "Oak Grove".