Nyongolotsi parasitic: mitundu, ngozi ndi ulamuliro miyeso

Ambiri mwa mitundu ya zamoyo zimene zilipo padziko lathuli zaka zaka, anatsatira njira ya kusinthika kwa zinthu ndi patsogolo kwachilengedwenso. Komabe, pali nthumwi za nyama zakutchire kuti bwino kwambiri zimatheka njira zosiyana - kapena amayambiranso zosabvuta pa gulu. Kodi izi zinachitika ndi momwe angathe kukhala zothandiza? Iwo likukhalira kuti ndi chikhalidwe koyenera kuti khalidwe la moyo parasitic. Makamaka bwino ndinazolowera moyo kwa ena anakwanitsa zosiyanasiyana mitundu mphutsi - helminths, amene tidzakambirana zina.

Kapangidwe mphutsi parasitic

Ndi helminths kapena nyongolotsi parasitic, monga zamoyo ngati zimene ndinazolowera moyo mwa nyama ndi zolengedwa zina, kuphatikizapo munthu, kuika ntchito yake moyo wa kuwononga kwambiri thanzi ndi moyo wa asilikali. Aliyense nyongolotsi parasitic angathe kusintha pa mkombero moyo wa makamu angapo. M'pofunika kusunga mphamvu ndi kupulumuka mazira, mwachitsanzo ana m'tsogolo.

Komabe, aliyense kalasi ali oimira ake amene nawonso, amanenedwa ndi zinthu zimene kusiyanitsa iwo Chrixitu ndi kulola majeremusi ndi lapadera. Komabe n'zotheka kuonetsetsa makhalidwe angapo wamba wogwidwa ndi aliyense mphutsi parasitic.

1. Kapangidwe ka thupi ali ziwalo, akutumikira lokhazikika mu thupi khamu. Zitsanzo sucker mbedza.
2. Pamaso pa integument wapadera, osalola khamu lake kudya iwo.
3. Pozindikira mbadwa za mazira miliyoni angapo pa nthawi ndi kapangidwe zovuta cha ziwalo zoberekera (zambiri androgynous mtundu).
4. Mgwirizano mu dongosolo la mphamvu zonse. M'mimba ndi excretory dongosolo zazing'ono mu dongosolo ndi magwiridwe. Kupuma ikuchitika mu pamwamba thupi.
5. Luso kubereka gawo lina larval.

mbali onsewa kupanga zosiyanasiyana mphutsi parasitic, ndi zolengedwa mosalekeza ndi woopsa kwambiri, chopezeka ndi kupulumuka m'patali.

Gulu la mphutsi parasitic

awiri okha magulu akuluakulu a zamoyo zimenezi zingathe kudziŵika.

1. Mtundu Flatworms. Kuti njira parasitic ndi makalasi lamba, Flukes. Mitundu ya flatworms parasitic kuti lembani: Bovine njoka zam'mimba za matepi, njoka zam'mimba za matepi nkhumba, yotakata njoka zam'mimba za matepi nsomba, Echinococcus, nyamayi fluke, Schistosoma, leykohloridy paradoxical, Fluke ndi ena.
2. Lembani Roundworms. Maphunziro Kwenikweni roundworms. Zitsanzo za zinthu anisakids, kupha zozungulira, zangowe mbira mphutsi, whipworm, Trichinella, filaria, ndi ena.

Mitundu ya mphutsi parasitic ndi yosiyanasiyana. Total akatswiri apeza ena oimira 300 amene angakhale mu thupi la dzina la munthu, osati kutchula nyama zina. Zinawonongedwa ndi zilombo izi, kwenikweni zina mpaka kalekale.

Maphunziro Kwenikweni roundworms: mitundu parasitic

Poyerekeza ndi flatworms, gulu mawu a Kapangidwe ka thupi kwambiri kwambiri anayamba. Choncho, kalasi mphutsi parasitic ali mbali zotsatirazi.

1. Dioecious. Amuna ndi testes ndi vas njira kutsegula mu hindgut lapansi. Akazi - mazira, kaphatikizidwe mu nyini wamba. Kubalana yekha kugonana.
2. luso Low buluzi otaika ziwalo, chiwerengero cha maselo zochepa.
3. Zikuoneka chotulukira. Choncho, dongosolo m'mimba ali maonekedwe a chubu yosavuta, chomwe ndi gawo m'kamwa, pakati komanso ngalande kumatako.
4. Mantha dongosolo tichipeza ganglia. Ngakhale lophweka, komabe alipo.
5. Excretory dongosolo mtundu protonephridia.
6. Thupi amaphimba zigawo zitatu, kunja - ndi hypodermis. Iwo ali ndi udindo woteteza, komanso ntchito chigoba. Komanso kudali kagayidwe.
7. pakati pa thupi ndi otanganidwa psevdotselyu - ndi M'mimbamo limene pali madzi. Iye atenge mbali ya magazi.

A nyongolotsi parasitic a kalasi imene ingathandize makhalidwe osiyana. Choncho, amasulidwe bio- ndi geoparazitov. Ndi biohelminths ayenera mitundu amene m'malo pa moyo wa eni ochepa imfayo. Ndi geohelminthes - amene kafalitsidwe chikuchitika mu chilengedwe kunja.

whipworm

Izi zozungulira parasitic amatanthauza geohelminthes, chifukwa iye anali kuchulukitsa kukula ndi chitukuko amafuna zinthu ziwiri:

• pamaso pa thupi la munthu;
• ochiritsira yonyowa lapansi.

Woterowo zofuna wodzichepetsa n'zosadabwitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa helminth kwambiri. Palokha, mbozi wamkulu kawirikawiri kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 5 amuna ndi akazi amasiyana mapeto kumbuyo kwa thupi :. Poyamba ndi unakhuthala ndi spirally zopotoka, ndipo chachiwiri - ndi elongated ulusi.

Iwo amadyetsa tiziromboti si zili za m'mimba anthu, ndicho mwazi wake, kotero mankhwalawa zotsatira zake amafuna wapadera. Iye kwambiri amakhudza khoma matumbo, choncho zingachititse kutukusira. Zogwira chamoyo mankhwala a ntchito zake.

matenda chifukwa cha cholengedwa otchedwa trichocephalosis. Infection kumachitika mwa chogwirika kukhudzana ndi zipatso matope ndi masamba, madzi. Ndi nkhani zimenezi ndi bochonkovidnye tiziromboti mazira, zomwe akhwime kugonana mwa thupi masabata ochepa.

Kusonyeza mazira ndi ndowe ndi chitukuko ndi chilengedwe - mu ofunda, lonyowa nthaka. Back munthu kuwameza kachiwiri.

zamapini

A zozungulira parasitic amenewa amapezeka pafupifupi mwana wachiwiri akhoza kupezeka ndi wamkulu. Small majeremusi woyera kawirikawiri kufika kutalika kuposa 5 mm. Mbali yaikulu, amene amalola kotero ambiri anayala, - pakalibe kusintha mwini. Iwo parasitic mu thupi limodzi, kudya zili matumbo ake.

Usiku kunja kwa chotulukira ndi chotulukira mwa bwalo kugona kwambiri mazira. Izi zimapangitsa kuyabwa mwanayo ndi mkwiyo, iye mosadziŵa kumayambira loto zikande malo awa. Choncho mazira kugwa pansi zikhadabo, kumene kachiwiri mu M'mimbamo m'kamwa ndi zinthu ozungulira.

Pambuyo kuika mazira, mkazi akamwalira. Choncho, choncho kumene kukonzanso infestation si anati, mwina kuchiritsa thupi popanda mankhwala. Disease chifukwa cha pinworms, amatchedwa Enterobiasis.

fleshworm

Nyongolotsi parasitic ndi kukula ochepa. Kawirikawiri akafika kutalika 3.5 mm. Amuna ali ang'onoang'ono. Zimatanthauza biohelminths. Majeremusi anthu ndi nyama. Kukwapula minofu monga Khazikika ndi kukhazikika mu iwo. Aliyense mkazi akhoza kuyika kwambiri mazira (mpaka 2 zikwi), kenako n'kumwalira.

Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri ya mazira mu mphutsi, amene ndi panopa lymph ndi kufala m'thupi lonse, kulimbikitsa minofu ndi kupewa kugwira bwino ntchito. Nthenda yotchedwa trichinosis, ndi kudetsedwa wolimba ndi majeremusi akhoza chakupha.

Lathyathyathya Type, Tapeworms kalasi

Oimira mtundu akhoza kukhala mwina ufulu amoyo ndi mitundu parasitic. Pakuti onsewo yodziwika ndi ena peculiarities mu kapangidwe ka thupi.

1. Amgwirizano chosokonekera.
2. Kupanda M'mimbamo thupi.
3. Mphamvu kwambiri kuti asinthidwe.
4. Zolemba malire zosabvuta pa dongosolo m'mimba.
5. The ambiri mitundu - hermaphrodites.

The tizirombo waukulu anthu osiyana - m'Galimoto ndi Flukes.

Yotakata njoka zam'mimba za matepi ndi Echinococcus

Yotakata njoka zam'mimba za matepi - ndi parasitic njoka zam'mimba za matepi, m'malo mwa makamu atatu moyo. Choyamba mwa zinthuzi ndi nkhanu, wachiwiri - nsomba, wachitatu ndi womaliza - mwamuna. M'litali helminths izi kungakhale kwa mamita angapo. Iwo kudya nkhani za intestine, ndi kuchititsa lakuthwa kuposa njala ndi kusowa kwa zipangizo moyo wa mwini.

Infection kumachitika mwa nsomba wakudya anthu. nthendayo imatchedwa bothriocephaliasis.

Echinococcus - komanso parasitic njoka zam'mimba za matepi. peculiarity ake ndi munthu pa iye - mungafike khamu. Agalu ndi afisi ndi choyambirira. Komabe, kamodzi mu thupi la munthu, mphutsi za akutsatiridwa ndi m'magazi. hexacanth - mphutsi ndiye apite. Iwo apanga kuwira kuti kuyambira kukula. Matenda amatchedwa matenda hydatid.

Awiriwa ankaona mitundu tiziromboti ndi mizere angapo akundigwira ngowe kuti tichotseretu mu khamu kuposa kuwononga owonjezera ndi ululu. Ndi wamba ndi lowopsya majeremusi lamba ndi unyolo - Bovine ndi porcine.

Schistosoma ndi paradoxical leykohloridy

Ena a nyongolotsi parasitic yodziwika ndi kusintha kwa mwiniwake ndi nawo gastropods? Yankho ndi kuti ndi flukes ambiri. nyongolotsi izi, amene suckers ambiri. Ndi iwo, iwo anakonza thupi la khamu komaliza, omwe ndi anthu.

Schistosoma - ndi mtundu wa matenda amene amapezeka pamene kusamba mu madzi, kumene mphutsi kusambira. Iwo kudya magazi a nyama. ngozi yaikulu - spikes pa thupi, iwo kubaya makoma a ziwalo, kuwachititsa kutupa, maonekedwe a cysts, zotupa. Achire majeremusi yovuta.

Leykohloridy paradoxical - amagwiritsa ntchito gastropods monga mmodzi wa makamu. Mfundo yomaliza pa moyo wa nyongolotsi izi wasankha mbalame. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti thupi la nkhono imene larva likamakula otukukira kunja kuti noticeable kuchokera kunja. Izo akufanana ndi yowala mbozi wobiriwira, amene amakopeka mbalame. Iwo n'kumamujompha mwendo izo, chifukwa mu asaipitsidwe.

Njira kulimbana mphutsi parasitic

Kulimbana mphutsi parasitic - kovuta. Chofunika - samalani kusunga miyezo zonse zofunikira njira. Chofunika kwambiri ndi ukhondo ndi anthu. Popanda nkhondo helminth mazira zotheka. Kachiwiri, Ndithu wabwino matenthedwe processing zakudya.

Chithandizo aliyense mtundu wa tiziromboti mosamalitsa payekha ndipo anatumizidwa dokotala. Nthawi zambiri ndi piritsi ( "Vermoxum", "Dekaris", "Pyrantel" ndi zina zotero. D.). Komabe, mu Zikavuta kwambiri ndipo zifunika jakisoni, IVs, cheza ndi zotsatira zina.