Ntchito gasi. gasi: zikuchokera, katundu

Kodi timadziwa pa chimasanduka? Chabwino, ndiye kuti chinachake kuchokera pulogalamu sukuluyi zimapangidwira, koma nthawi zina glimpsed pa TV mawu "pambuyo" ... Kodi tikudziwa bwanji gasi, kuwonjezera katundu zachiwawa? kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito gasi, kuwonjezera odziwika bwino ife kuphika ndi Kutentha mu nyumba zogona ndi chiyani? Kodi chikuchitika mu dziko la mphamvu ndi mphamvu chitetezo?

katundu Ofunika

Choyamba, yotchuka mawu za fungo la mafuta nyumba kapena pa msewu si zoonadi. Mu gasi, omwe umaperekedwa kwa ife kuphika kapena nyumba kwa Kutentha madzi, palibe kulawa, palibe fungo. Kodi timamva bwanji, sali kanthu ena kuposa zowonjezera wapadera kofunika kudziwa mpweya kutayikira. Izi odorant otchedwa, izo anawonjezera pa zomera mwapadera mu kufanana zotsatirazi: 16 mg wa pa zikwi kiyubiki mamita mpweya.

Mbali yaikulu ya gasi, ndithudi, ndi dziko. wokhutira ndi kusakaniza mafuta ndi za 89-95%, zigawo zikuluzikulu zinanso - ndi byuteni, propane, sulfide hydrogen ndi otchedwa zosafunika - fumbi ndi mbali incombustible, mpweya ndi asafe. Chiwerengero cha zili dziko zimatengera mtundu wa gawo.

Mphamvu ya gasi anamasulidwa pa kuyaka kwa mita kiyubiki mmodzi wa mafuta wotchedwa kutentha kuyaka. Khalidwe limeneli ndi chimodzi mwa zofunika m'mbali zonse za mapulani a maofesi mpweya, ndi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana atengedwa monga maziko makhalidwe osiyana. Mu Russia, mawerengedwe wapangidwa pa mtengo ukonde calorific, m'mayiko a Azungu, monga France ndi Britain - pa apamwamba.

Ponena za zachiwawa gasi, ndi ponena mfundo monga malire a woipa zachiwawa ndi oopsa ofunika. chimaphulika mpweya pa ndende mu chipinda ndi 5 mpaka 15% ndi buku. Ngati ndende n'chozama, gasi alibe moto, ngati ndende ndi apamwamba kuposa 15%, osakaniza gasi mpweya yoyaka pa kotunga zina mpweya. Koopsa ndende amatchedwa 1/5 la malire m'munsi kuphulika, i.e. 1%.

Zapansi mitundu ndi ntchito gasi

Byuteni ndi propane akhala ntchito monga mafuta a galimoto (liquefied mpweya). Komanso, propane ntchito kudzaza zoyatsira. Ethane nkhuni sikawirikawiri ntchito monga chuma yaiwisi kwa kupanga polyethylene. Acetylene ndi flammable kwambiri ndi ntchito kuwotcherera ndi kudula zitsulo. Ntchito gasi, kukhala enieni - methane, ife kale negotiated, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mafuta kuyaka mu slabs, mizati ndi boilers.

Kusiyana kutulutsa gasi

Malinga ndi mitundu ya madipoziti mafuta yotengedwa anawagawa mpweya kapena m'kupita. Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa iwo lagona kuchuluka chimasanduka. Mu mpweya minda dziko zili za 80-90%, mu ufulu kapena, ngati iwo zimachititsa komabe, "mafuta", wokhutira si oposa 50%. Otsala 50% - ndi propane-byuteni mafuta ndi wosiyana ndi mpweya yosakongola. Mmodzi wa kuipa lalikulu mpweya kugwirizana kuchokera kumunda chofunika ndi kuchotsa zosafunika zosiyanasiyana. Kupeza gasi izo unakambidwanso mogwirizana ndi kupanga helium. madipoziti amenewa n'zochepa, helium mpweya imatengedwa mulingo woyenera yozizira nyukiliya. Sulfa yamasulidwa sulfide wa hydrogen zimapangidwa ndi wodetsedwa mpweya amagwiritsidwanso ntchito zolinga mafakitale.

The chida chachikulu yopanga gasi ndi kuboola nsanja. Izi nsanja zinayi miyendo za 20-30 mamita mkulu. Pakuti lili ku chitoliro kubowola kumapeto. chitoliro Izi chinawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka akuya bwino, pamene tikubooleza ndi wellbore accrue madzi wapadera kwa mtundu wake fracturable osati yagoletsa. The infeed wa madzi ndi thandizo la mapampu wapadera. Inde, mtengo wa gasi zikuphatikizapo ndalama za ntchito ndi kumanga zitsime mpweya. Kuyambira 40 60% ya mtengo ndi ndalama basi.

Kodi kubwera kwa ife mafuta?

Choncho, kusiya malo kupanga woyeretsedwa gasi umaperekedwa kwa woyamba siteshoni psinjika, kapena monga iwo ukutchedwa, mutu. Malowa ali pamtunda makamaka pafupi ndi gawo lapansi. makhazikitsidwe Pali ntchito mpweya ndi kuthamanga amalowa mapaipi thunthu. Kuti tikhale ndi kuthamanga anakonzeratu mu mapaipi waukulu anaika siteshoni chilimbikitso kompresa. Popeza ichi kuthamanga zapamadzi chitoliro siyana m'mizinda zoletsedwa pamaso nthambi iliyonse anapereka mzinda waukulu. Iwo ali, nayenso, kuwukitsa ndi Sachita magazi. Gawo la izo chimadyedwa ndi ogula lalikulu mpweya - zomera mafakitale, ayenga, kukatentha. Gawo lina amapita ku otchedwa fracturing hayidiroliki - gasi kugawa. Pali anzawo ndi adatchithisira kachiwiri. Kodi gasi ntchito kwa inu ndi ine kwambiri bwino ndiponso yomveka? Izi hotplate cookers.

yaitali wakhala ndi ife?

Yogwira ntchito gasi zimachokera ku pakati pa zaka za m'ma 19, pamene mpweya burner anatulukira lapansi. Komanso, ntchito yoyambirira ya si akupezekanso mwa ife. Poyamba ntchito kuunikira msewu. Mu Soviet Union mpaka mapeto a 30-ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, palokha makampani mpweya kulibe. minda mpweya ankagwidwa mwangozi chabe kufufuza cha zitsime. Yogwira ntchito gasi wayamba ndi Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Kusowa kwa mafuta, chifukwa imfa ya khala ndi mafuta minda, anapereka kutsogolera wamphamvu chitukuko cha mafakitale mpweya. Nkhondo itatha, makampani gasi mwachangu anayamba ndipo kenako imodzi kwambiri mphamvu imayenera.

palibe njira

Mwina umboni bwino za ubwino gasi monga yabwino kwambiri mphamvu zoyendetsera ndi zizindikiro za Moscow. kugwirizana mpweya analola tsiku ndi tsiku kupulumutsa miliyoni kiyubiki mamita wa matabwa, matani mamiliyoni 0,65 wa malasha, matani 150,000 palafini ndi pafupifupi mafuta mafuta. Ndipo onse wakhala m'malo mwa 1 miliyoni. Kiyubiki mamita. mamita mpweya. Pambuyo ndi gasification mwapang'onopang'ono dziko ndi kufunafuna madipoziti latsopano. Kenako, nkhokwe mpweya yaikulu apezeka Siberia, lomwe ntchito lero.

ntchito mafakitale

Ntchito gasi si kukonza chakudya - ngakhale ayi, izo ntchito kupereka kutentha kwa nyumba. Ambiri boilers zikuluzikulu oyang'anira tauni Russia European ntchito gasi monga mafuta chachikulu.

Komanso, gasi ochuluka ntchito makampani mankhwala monga zipangizo yopangira zinthu zosiyanasiyana organic. Ambiri zimphona magalimoto zikukwaniritsidwa galimoto utsi zina, kuphatikizapo hydrogen ndi gasi.

Gasi mlandu yekha

Amazionera wa zachilengedwe, gasi akhoza chimodzi cha njira zabwino kwambiri mafuta organic. Komabe, kugwirizana mafuta m'madera ambiri a moyo wa munthu ndi kuyatsa wotsatira zinachititsa kuti kuwonjezeka abwerezedwa zili mpweya woipa mu mlengalenga. Apo ayi, ndondomeko amatchedwa "zotsatira kutentha." Izi ndi zoipa kwambiri pa nyengo ya lathuli. Komabe, umisiri watsopano ndi mlingo wa ulimi zisakuyenda kuchepetsa mlingo pazipita mpweya. Kumbukirani mpweya - mmodzi wa utsi otetezeka.