Nkhani yeniyeni ya manambala yatsoka

Chiwerengero cha munthu kuzunzidwa kulikonse. Ngakhale matupi athu ndi mu nyimbo ndi dziko lawo - tili ndi chiwerengero zina ziwalo, mano, tsitsi ndi maselo a khungu. Zigoli anali kabwerebwere, basi choncho n'zovuta kuganiza kuti pa nthawi ina anthu sankadziwa manambala. Ndipotu, mbiri ya zosayembekezereka ya manambala inachokera ku akale.

Ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu oyambirira

Panthawi ina, anthu ankaona kuti pakufunikira pamapeto pake. izo izi
Iwo anazichita moyo weniweniwo. Kunali koyenera mwanjira bungwe fuko, kupita pa kusaka kapena kusonkhanitsa yekha nambala inayake ya anthu. Choncho, chifukwa nkhaniyo ntchito ndi zala zanu pa manja anu. Pali mabanja m'malo chiwerengero "5" kuonetsa dzanja limodzi, ndi m'malo khumi - awiri. Woterowo nkhani yosavuta aligorivimu ndi chinayamba mbiri ya zosayembekezereka ya manambala.

Kuwerengetsa nswala 40, wosazindikira munthu anali kuchita inali kuitanira tribesman anzake. Koma dongosolo chiwerengero amakhala ovuta kwambiri ngati icho chinali chiwerengero akuluakulu a zinthu kapena nyama. Choncho, pamaso pa manambala ambiri nicks pa makoma, miyala ndi zinthu zina. Nthawi zina yaitali kwambiri ndi wolemera, chimatipangitsa mfundo yatsopano - ndikuganiza zizindikiro, aliyense amene adzakhala ndi udindo wina kuchuluka kwa chinachake.

chiwerengero ndi amakedzana

Kuonekera zinachitika manambala lililonse fuko m'njira yapadera. Choncho, akale anthu Mayan ntchito zojambula mitu zoopsa mmalo mwa manambala nthawi zonse maso athu.

Amaona kuti chilengedwe cha kanjedza bwino - mtengo wa Aluya. Mawu "chithunzi" chatifika m'chilankhulo cha ku Arabic "syfr" (kutanthauza "malo opanda kanthu"). Mfundo pa manambala mu Europe anali anawamasulira ku Arabic, koma iwo anatumikira okha monga kufalitsa zotchuka a dongosolo decimal chiwerengero.

Malo woona wa manambala ochiritsira anakhala India. ambiri manambala osiyanasiyana kulowa yofanana waperekedwa kwa gawo lonse la dziko, koma pa nthawi inayake, anaima pa gululo amene timagwiritsa ntchito lero. Manambala ndi chimodzimodzi mooneka ngati kalata yoyamba mu maina awo mu Chisansikiriti. Kenako, kusonyeza ndi gulu kanthu, kulowa mfundo kapena bwalo la mafuta, yomwe imadziwika kuti ife monga "ziro". Izo zinali ndiye kuti dongosolo chiwerengero chasanduka decimal a. Kuyambira nthawi zimene zimachokera mbiri ya zosayembekezereka ya manambala achilengedwe.

primes

Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka ya manambala zimathandiza kuona kuti anthu nthawi yakale adapeza kusiyana manambala osamvetseka ngakhale, ndi mabwenzi osiyanasiyana mkati mwa iwo mawu M'ndandanda. Ndithu chopereka kwa izi
maphunziro anapanga Agiriki akale. Mwachitsanzo, katswiri wa Greek Eratosthenes anapanga njira wokongola zovuta kupeza manambala yaikulu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye analemba chiwerengero lamanja la manambala mu dongosolo, ndipo anayamba kukantha - woyamba wa zonse, kuti angathe kugawidwa mmagawo awiri, ndiye - atatu. Zotsatira zake zinali mndandanda wa manambala kuti palibe kanthu chimene saali, kupatula wagawo ndi mwini. Njira ankatchedwa "sefa wa Eratosthenes" chifukwa chakuti Agiriki si anawoloka kunja, ndipo achotsedwe manambala osafunika pa mbale ndi TACHIMATA ndi phula.

Choncho, mbiri ya manambala - chodabwitsa ndi wakale ndi kwakuya. Asayansi kuti unalembedwa pafupifupi 30,000 zapitazo. Panthawi imeneyi anatha kusintha zinthu zambiri. Koma nambala matsenga ndi lero amatsogolera moyo wathu.