NKHANI Macquarie Island: Hrs malo, chikhalidwe ndi nyengo

Pafupi ndi Australia ali zilumba mazana angapo. Macquarie - mmodzi wa iwo. Chilumba ali bwinja, ndi anthu anyani okha ndi zisindikizo ubweya. Ovomereza mbali Macquarie Island , tiwone mtsogolomu m'nkhani ino.

Ikani chilumba

Macquarie - ndi ang'ono, elongated m'dera la dziko mu Pacific Ocean. Mu mawonekedwe izo akufanana ndi khumudwitsidwa amakona anayi a minofu. m'litali ndi 34 Km, m'lifupi makilomita 5. Macquarie Island dera ndi 128 makilomita lalikulu. The chimbuzi pamwamba pa nyanja ukufika mamita 420.

Administratively, Macquarie chikukhudza Tasmania, ngakhale kuti pafupifupi 1,500 makilomita kutali. chilumba lili pakati Tasmania ndi Antarctica. About 30 makilomita kuchokera Macquarie Island magulu awiri a zilumba zazing'ono: Woweruza ndi mlembi, Bishop ndi mlembi. Archipelago Bishop ndi kalaliki ndi mbali ya m'madzi chiphala lokwera ndi mwachirengedwe limabweretsa wa Commonwealth of Australia. Palinso mfundo kum'mwera kwa Australia.

Mamilioni a zaka zapitazo, kugunda kwa Pacific ndi m'mayiko a Australia tectonic mbale m'madzi chinathandiza mapangidwe lokwera, ndi pamwamba umene uli Macquarie. Chilumba - ndi goldmine chenicheni cha Akatswiriwa, chifukwa ili ophiolite. Ndi malo okhawo nyanja kumene adalandira miyala protrude pamwamba pa madzi. Ndiyamika wapadera akuphatikizapo Geological Macquarie zimatetezedwa ndi gulu la UNESCO kuyambira mu 1997.

nkhani

Asayansi amanena kuti anthu woyamba wa chisumbucho akhoza kukhala Polynesians mu zaka XIII-XIV. Komabe, palibe umboni mwachindunji izi, kotero otulukira loyamba la Australia Macquarie Island, koma amaonedwa azungu. Izo, mwadzidzidzi mu 1810 anapeza Frederic Hasselboro, kupita kukafuna malo a zisindikizo. Kupeza chilumba chipululu, ndi wofufuza British wakonza monga gawo la South Wales dzina polemekeza Wales Leknela Bwanamkubwa Macquarie.

Mu 1820, Arctic wofufuza Faddey Bellinsgauzen (anatulukira Antarctica) adalenga mapu loyamba Macquarie Island. Kuloza malo dziko kumene anapeza pano kwachititsa alenje a anyani ndi zisindikizo. Ndiye chiwerengero cha nyama amagwa mfundo yovuta.

Mu 1890, chilumbacho m'manja Tasmania, ndi Yohane zimaswa anausiya zolinga mafakitale. Mu 1911 chilumba anakhala m'munsi pa kafukufuku ulendo Australia, lotsogoledwa ndi Douglas Mawson. Kenako, Macquarie anakhala Nature Reserve imayendetsedwa ndi Tasmania mu 1972, analandira udindo boma.

chisumbu amatchulidwa mu bukhu "Travel ndi ulendo kwa nyanja kutali, lofalitsidwa mu 1912. wolemba Dzhon Tompson. Chifukwa cha kusweka kwa ngalawa, anachita pa Macquarie ndipo anakhala kumeneko pafupi 4 months. Malinga ndi nthano, Thompson anapita pachilumbachi chuma chobisika.

Nyengo ndi mtunda

nyengo Macquarie Island sanalole British m'zaka za m'ma XIX kukhazikitsa kuthetsa okhazikika pa izo. The nyanja ozungulira kupanga nyengo pachilumbacho ndi aakulu ndithu. Iwo amakhala ngati chinyezi boma linakwanitsa. Apa kulamulira mphepo (zambiri mphepo yamkuntho), chifunga ndi mvula. mvula pachaka za 1000 mamilimita mvula.

Amphamvu cloudiness salola kuwala kwa kubooleza. Chiwerengero cha maola dzuwa pa zaka 856 zosakwana kwambiri pakati pa zilumba yekha kwa Islands Faroe. Avereji-ziro kutentha July madigiri za 4.9 ndi madigiri 6.5 mu November kutentha.

Gombe ndi yosalala kum'mawa ndi pang'ono indented ndi coves ndi Magombe kumadzulo. Miyala gombe kwa chilumbachi ndi miyala m'madzi kubisala. Macquarie aumbike mwa zitunda zathyathyathya awiri pa kum'mwera ndi kumpoto mbali, zomwe zikugwirizana kamtunda kopita ku chilumba zigwa. yachonde ili pamalo okwera za 100-200 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Mkulu Mountain, Fletcher ndi Hamilton ndi chimbuzi.

Okhala ndi chithunzi Macquarie Island

Wankhanza nyengo ndi mtunda wautali ku Chile anapanga chilumba si abwino miyoyo ya anthu. Panopa, anthu okhazikika kwa chilumbachi ndi anthu ziro. The kuchotserapo ndife antchito ANARE kuno mongoyembekezera.

Izi okhala pachilumbachi - ndi anyani. Macquarie iwo pa anthu pafupifupi 80 000 zikwi. zomera ikuyimiridwa ndi kuderako Macquarie Island cormorants, boma linakwanitsa zisindikizo ubweya. seabirds opitirira mamiliyoni atatu pali 13 mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Zomera Macquarie Island ndi ofanana ndi zomera za mbali ya kum'mwera ya New Zealand. Kwenikweni, izo kungokhala pamodzimodzi udzu ndi lichens. Mitengo ina kwathunthu kwina, koma mwachangu kukula mitundu chinyontho.

Impact anthu

Chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha malo osafikiridwa ndi munthu chikuchepa. Chilumba Australia monga iye akanathera, ankateteza katundu wawo mothandizidwa ndi opweteka zinthu zachilengedwe. Koma mwamuna ndi tiri pano.

Anthu amene anabwera ku chilumbachi, napita naye ku makoswe, akalulu ndi amphaka, zomwe zinachititsa kuti ngoziyo pano. Nyama anayamba kudya zomera wapadera m'deralo, kuchepetsa ndi pafupifupi theka. Zimenezi zachititsa kuti kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi kugumuka. Amphaka anawononga pafupifupi 60,000 mbalame chaka.

Mu 2012, nyama kunja pafupifupi kuchotsedwa a pachilumbachi. Kuthetseratu akalulu anatsimikizira kovuta kwambiri kwa anthu ena nthawi zina kupeza chete.