Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge (wojambula): yonena ndi ntchito

Anazindikira mwini chithunzi, komanso chilengedwe cha zojambula pa Mauthenga mbiri ndipo anakhala kwambiri Russian zojambulajambula Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge. Wojambula luntha modabwitsa, iye anatenga malo olimba mu mbiri ya luso Russian monga nthumwi ya watsopano realist kuyenda.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge, chithunzicho, amene chithunzi kwake pachiyambi, anabadwa February 27, 1831 pa famu m'chigawo Ivanovo Chernigov, mu banja inatera. Zachilendo dzina Russian khutu iye ngongole kwa agogo ake amene anasamukira ku France kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII. Pachiyambi, kwalembedwa - Gay. kubadwa kwa mwana chinachitikira pamodzi ndi zoopsa kolera mliri yolusayo m'madera ambiri Russian, nadzinenera kuti moyo wa mayi ake, pamene Nicholas woyamba adadza kuwala. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, nkhawa zonse za iye anatumizidwa kwa mmodzi wa akazi serfs bambo.

Malinga ndi miyambo ya chi, maphunziro ake oyambirira kunyumba mnyamata, ndipo kenako anabweretsedwa ku Kiev, kumene sukulu ya sekondale. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti nthawi imeneyi aphunzitsi taonera talente yake chachikulu kwa kujambula, koma bambo anga chifukwa mapulani ake ena. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, iye amatilimbikitsa mwana wake kulowa University of Kiev mu Dipatimenti Masamu.

Ku University ya Academy of Tirhana

Pewani chifuniro cha atate wake Nicholas sanayese n'komwe, koma malo a maphunziro awo anasankha University Kiev ndi St. Petersburg, kumene iye amalowa mu mphamvu ya Masamu. Komabe, si ndimalota za izo Nikolay Ge. Wojambula, osati masamu, ankakhala moyo wake, ndipo tiwonjezere kuchita bwino ananena yokha. nthawi zonse popanda anakhala pa Hermitage, kukopera zojambula aluso losadziwika.

Zotsatira zake zinali zodziwikiratu ndithu - mu 1850, Nicholas masamba yunivesite ndipo anadzakhala wophunzira wa ku St. Petersburg Academy of Tirhana. Apa iye agwa mu kalasi kwambiri mphunzitsi, ndi lodziwika bwino m'masiku amenewo St. Petersburg wojambula P. beseni. Pa sukulu, iye anakhala zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kuphunzira ndale za malonda, ndi kuyesera kutsanzira amisiri amene zochita anamuika chidwi pacimake.

fano zake zazikulu mu zaka anali Karl Bryullov, ndiponso malinga ndi otsutsa ambiri, chithunzicho Nikolai Ge bwino kufooketsedwa ndi ntchito yake. Atalandira mu 1857 chifukwa kulemba bwino za nkhani yolembedwa bwino kupita ku Europe likuvutika Academy, anasiya Russia. Paulendo wake, anapita Switzerland, Germany, France ndi Italy.

Bwino ndi kuzindikira

Mu Rome, pali msonkhano ndi wina wa fano lake mu zaka - A. Ivanov, amene ankagwira ntchito pa zina zachidule pa nkhani m'Baibulo, lomwe anamusilira Nikolai Ge. Konsekonse, monga kale, iye amaganiziranso kwambiri nthawi kulemba zithunzi. Imodzi mwa ntchito zake bwino kwambiri nthawi imeneyi unakhazikitsidwa 1858 chithunzi sewero la mkazi wake. Koma mfundo yake yaikulu amakhalabe nkhani m'Baibulo ndi odziwika.

Mu 1861, pambuyo pochokera kudziko lina, Nikolai Ge zikusonyeza chionetsero lotsatira pa Academy of Tirhana filimu lake latsopano "The MGONERO", umene unali mtundu wina wa zotengeka. Ngakhale phwando wachangu wa anthu, kufufuza ankamuzunza kwambiri ankhanza, kumutsutsa wolemba popititsa patsogolo chuma ndi nihilism. Kwambiri ngakhale ololedwa kukopera izo.

Zinthu zinasintha pamene chinsalu kusonkhanitsa kwa payokha anagula Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri, amene yomweyo wojambula yotchuka kudziwika. Nawonso Academy of Tirhana, kuzindikira zojambula amtengo wapatali ndi kufotokoza umodzi ndi maganizo a mfumu, anafulumira kulimbikitsa Nikolai Ge. chithunzicho anali kupereka mutu wa pulofesa.

Back kuti Italy

Yasintha ndi kupambana ndi kale kuboma, chithunzicho Ge Nikolay Nikolaevich mu 1864 anabwerera ku Italy, kumene amalenga zambiri zina zachidule zosonyeza zithunzi za ku New Testament. Chimodzi mwa zochitika za nyengo Italy amakhala msonkhano wake ndi Herzen ndi ntchito pa chithunzi wake.

Ife sitingakhoze kuwulandira onse a riskiness wa ankapitabe, monga Herzen mwalamulo m'gulu boma chigawenga, wobisala ndi chilungamo kunja, ndi chilengedwe cha chithunzi cha akhoza kuoneka ngati manja ndale. Komabe, kupenta ichi, anaphedwa nthawi umboni - mu magawo asanu chabe - chimatengedwa ngati zabwino zinalembedwa zithunzi. Kwa kuwawidwa lalikulu la Nikolai Nikolaevich, kupenta wake "Likulengeza kwa kuuka kwa Akufa," ndi atamaliza abwelele kunyumba, analibe bwino ndi anthu. Mu 1869, wojambula anabwerera ku Russia.

Last Petersburg nthawi

Wagwidwa ali mkati mwa moyo mzinda, Ge allying tsogolo Peredvizhnik ndipo amagwira ntchito mwachangu yokonza chionetsero wawo woyamba wotsegulira mu 1871. Pa iye amasonyeza anthu ake amadziwika masiku ano mwaluso "Peter Ine interrogates Tsarevich Alexei mu Peterhof." kupenta wakhala anazindikira mwa alendo, ngakhale mu ziboliboli situdiyo anagulidwa P. Tretyakov - wotchuka Russian wokhometsa ndi wofuna kuthandiza.

Pa zaka zinayi anakhala mu St. Petersburg, chithunzicho amalenga zikutipatsa zithunzi za oimira wotchuka kwambiri wa anzeru Russian. Pakati pawo, Turgenev, Nekrasov ndi ena. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndinaona kuwala analenga chithunzi sculptural a V. Belinsky.

Kunyamuka kwa Ukraine

Mu 1875, Nikolai kalekale masamba St. Petersburg ndipo m'mene anasamukira ku Ukraine, amapeza nyumba m'chigawo Chernigov. Chifukwa kuchoka kwake, ofufuza akukhulupirira kulenga kusakhutira ndi mfundo mavuto, kukula ndi nthawi. Kamodzi kutali phokoso likulu la Kye pafupifupi mwathunthu tidzawukitsidwe kwa makalasi kupenta ndi kwathunthu odzipereka kwa nkhani ya chipembedzo ndi makhalidwe abwino. Only kufunika kwambiri amakakamiza kuti nyamulani burashi ndi kulemba zithunzi mwambo wa wolemera m'deralo.

Creative chitunda pa mapeto a moyo ziboliboli

Mu 1882, Ge anapita ku Moscow. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha watsopano chitunda kulenga chinali ndi chilengedwe cha nsalu zokha ayi monga "Tulukani kuchokera MGONERO", "Yudasi", "Kodi choonadi" ndi ntchito zina pa mitu Uthenga Wabwino. Mmodzi wa otsiriza zojambula tebulo kudziona chithunzi wake, zinalembedwa chaka asanafe. Gay wojambula, amene yonena ndi umakhudza ntchito yake, anafa June 13, 1894. Ofufuza mtengo waukulu wokhazikitsa wake angatchedwe realist kuyenda mu zojambula pa Uthenga nkhani. Izi wojambula Russian Ge anapanga chopereka kwa zojambulajambula.