Ndi zolumikizira wa abulusa zovuta ziti?

Mwakhama litayamba - losavuta ndi zazing'ono "bokosi" ndi malingaliro zimene zimasunga ndalama yaikulu zambiri mu kompyuta ya wosuta aliyense masiku ano.

Ndi zimenezi, zikuoneka kuchokera kunja: wopepuka bagatelle zokwanira. Ochepa Powerenga, pochotsa, kukopera ndi zochita zina ndi owona a osiyanasiyana kufunika akuganizira pagalimoto yovuta kugwira ntchito mogwirizana kompyuta mfundo. Ndipo ngati enieni - mwachindunji ku mavabodi yokha.

Monga zigawo izi ogwirizana mu ntchito limodzi yosalala, kodi anasanja chosungira lenilenilo, limene kugwirizana zolumikizira iwo ali, ndi chimene aliyense wa iwo ndi - ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokhudza alipidwa kwa onse chipangizo yosungirako deta.

HDD mawonekedwe

Kuti mawu amenewa akhoza bwino kutchedwa mogwirizana molimba pagalimoto kuti mavabodi lapansi. Mawu omwewo ali tikulidziwa tanthauzo. Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu mawonekedwe. Pankhaniyi, amanena kuti mbali imene imapereka njira mogwirizana anthu ndi mapulogalamu (wosuta-wochezeka "wochezeka" Kamangidwe).

Koma chisokonezo mawonekedwe mawonekedwe. Mu nkhani ya HDD ndi mavabodi si zosangalatsa likutipatsa pulani wosuta, ndipo akonzedwa wapadera wa mizere ndi ndondomeko deta HIV. Kwa wina ndi mzake, zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi ogwirizana kudzera mizere - kwa zolowetsa a chingwe pa malekezero onse. Iwo apangidwa kulumikiza ku doko pa galimoto mwakhama ndiponso mavabodi.

M'mawu ena, lonse mawonekedwe pa zipangizozi - ndi zingwe ziwiri. Mmodzi zikugwirizana ndi zovuta cholumikizira mphamvu pagalimoto pa mapeto amodzi ndi mwa kundipatsako kompyuta mphamvu ina. A yachiwiri zingwe zopota kulumikiza HDD kuti mavabodi lapansi.

Mwakale adalumikiza nkhani ya chosungira - IDE cholumikizira, ndi maulaliki ena a m'mbuyomu

Pachiyambi, kenako pali zambiri zotsogola HDD polumikizira. Ancient ndi mfundo lero Integrated Drive Electronics anaonekera pa msika za zaka 80 Mu zaka zapitazo. IDE kwenikweni anamasuliridwa kuti "ophatikizidwa Mtsogoleri".

Monga mawonekedwe kufanana deta, komabe wotchedwa Ata - mwaukadauloZida Technology CHOWONJEZERA. Komabe, mtengo pa nthawi, latsopano SATA luso ndi kupeza kutchuka yaikulu mu msika monga muyezo Ata anadzatchedwa PATA (ena ofanana Ata) kuti asasokonezeke.

wosakwiya kwambiri ndi kwambiri yosakongola kwambiri zizindikiro zawo zina, kugwiritsa ntchito zaka za kutchuka kwake akhoza kudumpha kuchokera megabytes 100 133 pa mphindi. Ndipo si chiphunzitso, T. Kwa. Kunena zoona, Chiwerengerochi ndi zambiri wodzichepetsa. Kumene, polumikizira atsopano ndi zolumikizira chosungira IDE adzakusonyezani ndi backlog sizeable ku zikuchitika masiku ano.

Kodi mukuganiza kuti sayenera kunyozera ndi mbali wokongola? Achikulire adzakumbukira kuti mphamvu luso PATA kulola wolunjika awiri HDD ndi kuzungulira chimodzi chokha olumikizidwa kwa mavabodi lapansi. Koma mphamvu mzere mu nkhani iyi ndi ofanana ndi theka kugawa. Ndipo izi popanda kutchula waya m'lifupi, mwanjira popewa miyeso yake mpweya otaya watsopano kuchokera mafani mu dongosolo unit.

Kuti IDE athu kale mwachilengedwe chakale thanzi ndiponso khalidwe. Ndipo ngati mpaka posachedwapa anakumana cholumikizira ichi pa mavabodi ya m'munsi ndi pakati gawo mtengo, tsopano opanga okha sindikumuwona iye monga Chiyembekezo.

Aliyense ankakonda SATA

Kwa nthawi yaitali, IDE wakhala mawonekedwe ambiri chachikulu ndi TV yosungirako. Komabe, deta HIV ndi luso processing kwa nthawi yaitali pamalo si stagnate, kupereka posachedwa conceptually njira yatsopano. Tsopano angapezeke pafupifupi mwini uliwonse wa kompyuta munthu. Ndipo dzina lake - SATA (siriyo Ata).

Kusiyanitsa mbali ya mawonekedwe - kufanana deta HIV, otsika mowa mphamvu (poyerekeza ndi IDE a), kupatula Kutentha zigawo zikuluzikulu. Mu mbiri yonse ya kutchuka kwake anapirira SATA chitukuko magawo atatu a audits:

1. SATA I - 150 MB / c.
2. SATA II - 300 MB / s.
3. SATA III - 600 MB / s.

Younikanso wachitatu komanso zikusintha awiri wakhala chakuti:

• 3.1 - kuposa bwino bandiwifi, koma okha malire pa 600 MB / s.
• 3.2 mfundo SATA Express - bwinobwino kukhazikitsa ndi pophatikizana SATA ndi PCI-Express zipangizo, amene kowonjezeka kuwerenga lemba / liwiro mawonekedwe mpaka 1969 MB / s. Ziri kulankhula, sayansi ndi "adaputala" kuti otembenuka yachibadwa SATA mode pa liwiro kuti ndi kukhala PCI-cholumikizira mzere.

Ziwerengero weniweni, ndithudi, ndi zosiyana ku neno boma. Choyamba izo zimayambitsa mawonekedwe kwambiri bandiwifi - .. ambiri abulusa zamakono 600MB chomwecho / S kwambiri, kotero kuti iwo sanali poyamba lakonzedwa kuti ntchito anthu a Werengani / lemba liwiro. Only ndi kupita kwa nthawi, pamene msika pang'onopang'ono zonse abulusa mkulu-liwiro ndi ntchito zosaneneka liwiro masiku ano n'zotheka luso SATA zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito yonse.

Pomaliza, ambiri a zinthu thupi akhala kuimaliza kukonza. SATA lakonzedwa kuti ntchito zingwe yaitali (masentimita 1 mita ku 46, amene chikugwirizana ndi cholumikizira IDE) ndi zambiri yaying'ono kukula ndi maonekedwe okoma. Zoperekedwa kuthandiza "otentha sinthanani» HDD - kulumikiza / kusagwirizana iwo n'zotheka popanda kuzimitsa kompyuta (ngakhale chisanadze ayenera yambitsa AHCI mode mu BIOS a).

Kuchuluka mayiko ndi malumikizidwe kwa zolumikizira kuzungulira. Choncho Mabaibulo onse mawonekedwe ndi m'mbuyo yogwirizana ndi mnzake (molimba litayamba SATA III popanda mavuto olumikizidwa kwa zolumikizira SATA II pa mavabodi ndi, SATA I - kuti SATA II, etc ...). Yekha chenjezo - pa liwiro deta adzakhala okha kwambiri kugwirizana "lakale".

Eni zipangizo akulu sati anasiya - adaputala azamagetsi adalipo kuchokera PATA kuti SATA variably kupulumutsa pogula zodula za HDD amakono kapena mavabodi latsopano.

kunja SATA

Koma si nthawi zonse muyezo chosungira kupsa ntchito wosuta. Nthawi zina zosowa kusunga yambiri deta kuti kugwiritsa ntchito malo osiyana ndi moyenera, kayendedwe. Pakuti Zikatero, pamene munthu ali kuyendetsa ntchito osati kunyumba, ndi cholinga abulusa kunja zovuta. Chifukwa chikhalidwe cha zipangizo zawo, iwo amafuna kugwirizana mawonekedwe osiyana kwambiri.

Amenewa ndi mtundu wa zambiri SATA analengedwa ndi zolumikizira abulusa kunja zovuta, ndi manambala oyambirira kunja. Mwathupi, mawonekedwe izi si yogwirizana ndi muyezo SATA-madoko, koma ali bandiwifi chomwecho.

Pali kuthandiza HDD «otentha sinthanani" ndiponso kutalika chingwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mamita awiri.

Oyambirira eSATA chimake amalola yekha kuwombola nkhani, popanda kudyetsa mu kagawo kunja mphamvu chosungira chofunika. drawback Izi zimapangitsa ntchito zingwe zopota ziwiri kulumikiza wakhala atathana ndi kubera kusintha Mphamvu eSATA, kuphatikiza luso eSATA (udindo kufala kwa deta) kwa USB (udindo chakudya).

Universal siriyo basi

Mogwira kukhala muyezo ambiri chifukwa siriyo mawonekedwe kugwirizana luso digito, Universal siriyo Basi masiku ano kudziwika kwa aliyense.

Pokhala atavutika mbiri yaitali ya kusintha kwakukulu okhazikika, USB - mkulu mlingo deta, kupereka mphamvu sinachitikepo ndi kuchuluka kwa zipangizo zotumphukira, komanso kuphweka ndi mayiko ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Yopangidwa ndi makampani monga Intel, Microsoft, Phillips, ndi US Makina, mawonekedwe wakhala chimake cha zikhumbo angapo luso:

• Ntchito kompyuta. Standard peripherals mpaka USB wakhala m'malo zocheperapo zosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu chofunika aliyense doko munthu (PS / 2 doko kulumikiza ndi joystick, SCSI ndi zina zotero. D.). Mkubwela kwa USB pakati kuti adzakhala yunifolomu ndi chilengedwe m'malo kwambiri kusintha mogwirizana ndi zipangizo kompyuta. Komanso anali ankaganiza kuti kupangidwa watsopano kwa nthawi, kulimbikitsa zikamera wa peripherals atsopano.
• Onetsetsani kugwirizana mafoni kompyuta. Ndi anagawira mu zaka chizolowezi cha kusintha kwa Intaneti digito mafoni mawu anasonyeza kuti palibe polumikizira anayamba ndi ndiye sanathe kuonetsetsa kulanda deta ndi mawu ochokera foni.
• Kutulukira chitonthozo mfundo ya "pulagi ndi kusewera" oyenera "plugging otentha."

Monga momwe zilili ndi anthu ambiri luso digito, yovuta litayamba USB-cholumikizira kwa nthawi yaitali wakhala kwathunthu bwino kuti ife chodabwitsa. Komabe, m'zaka zosiyana za chitukuko, mawonekedwe uyu wakhala anasonyeza latsopano misanje-liwiro kuwerenga lemba / ntchito.

USB Baibulo	mafotokozedwe	mphamvu
USB 1.0	Choyamba kumasulidwa buku la mawonekedwe pambuyo Mabaibulo angapo waukuluwo. Inakhazikitsa January 15, 1996.	Low-Liwiro mawonekedwe: 1.5 Mbit / s Full-Liwiro mawonekedwe: 12 Mbit / s
USB 1.1	pofuna kukwaniritsa Baibulo 1.0, izo atakhazikitsa kwambiri za mavuto ndi zolakwika. Anapezerapo mu September 1998, choyamba zinatchuka misa.
USB 2.0	Anapezerapo mu April 2000, Baibulo lachiwiri la mawonekedwe zimaonetsa latsopano, zambiri mkulu-liwiro mode High-Liwiro ntchito.	Low-Liwiro mawonekedwe: 1.5 Mbit / s Full-Liwiro mawonekedwe: 12 Mbit / s Mkulu-Liwiro mawonekedwe: 25-480 Mbit / s
USB 3,0	M'badwo atsopano USB, adzalandira osati zizindikiro kusinthidwa mphamvu, komanso opangidwa mu buluu / wofiira. Tsiku yatsoka - 2008.	Mpaka 600 MB pa yachiwiri
USB 3.1	Komanso kukula kwa ntchito younikanso lachitatu, lomwe linasindikizidwa July 31, 2013. Iwo agawidwa zosintha ziwiri zimene amapereka litayamba aliyense molimbika USB-cholumikizira liwiro mpaka gigabits 10 pa mphindi.	USB 3.1 Gen 1 - 5 GB / s USB 3.1 Gen 2 - 10 Gbit / s

Kuwonjezera mfundo imeneyi, Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana USB ndi zomwe zagwiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo. Pakati pa mitundu ya zingwe ndi zolumikizira kuti mawonekedwe kumasulidwa:

USB 2.0	muyezo	Mini	yaying'ono
mtundu A
kutayipa B

USB 3,0 akanapereka mtundu wina watsopano - C. zingwe za mtundu uwu ndi symmetrical ndipo anaikapo mu chipangizo yoyenera ku mbali.

Komano, younikanso lachitatu sasamalira Mini ndi yaying'ono «subspecies» zingwe mtundu A.

FireWire zina

Kutchuka zake zonse, eSATA, ndi USB - osati onse options mmene kugwirizanitsa cholumikizira ya galimoto kunja zovuta kompyuta.

FireWire - pang'ono zochepa odziwika bwino pakati misa mu mawonekedwe mkulu-liwiro. Amapereka kugwirizana siriyo zipangizo zakunja amene anthu amapereka mwa angapo zikuphatikizapo HDD.

katundu wake isochronous ukuthamana makamaka anapeza ntchito yake ukadaulo matumizidwe ophatikizika amawu, nyimbo ndi zithunzi (camcorders, DVD, osewera, digito Audio zipangizo). abulusa molimba olumikizidwa kwa iwo zochepa kwambiri, kupereka mmalo SATA kapena bwino USB-mawonekedwe.

patsogolo ntchito yake luso, njira imeneyi chapeza pang'onopang'ono. Choncho, Baibulo loyambirira la FireWire 400 (1394a) anali mofulumira kuposa odana waukulu, ndiye USB 1.0 - 400 megabits pa mphindi Versus 12. pazipita chingwe kutalika - mamita 4.5.

Kubera USB 2.0 wasiya kumbuyo mdani, kulola kusinthitsa Deta megabits 480 pa mphindi. Komabe, ndi kutulutsidwa kwa latsopano muyezo FireWire 800 (1394b), wakupatsani kusamutsa megabits 800 pa mphindi ndi chingwe kutalika pazipita mamita 100, USB 2.0 wakhala zochepa mu ankafuna ku msika. Zimenezi zinayambitsa chitukuko cha Baibulo chachitatu cha Universal siriyo Basi, kukodzedwa deta kuwombola denga wa ku 5 Gbit / s.

Komanso, ofala wa FireWire ndi decentralized. Kufala kwa mudziwe kudzera USB-mawonekedwe kwenikweni amafuna pamaso pa PC ndi. FireWire imaperekanso kusinthitsa deta pa mafoni popanda kwenikweni kuchita kompyuta pokonza.

wachiphaliwali

masomphenya ake zimene molimba pagalimoto cholumikizira ayenera m'tsogolo kukhala yamphamvu muyezo Intel anasonyeza kampani molumikizana ndi apulo, ndi kupereka mawonekedwe dziko wachiphaliwali (kapena, malinga ndi dzina lake lakale code, Kuwala Peak).

Omangika pa PCI-E ndi mapangidwe DisplayPort zimenezi, limachititsa popereka deta zomvetsera, video ndi mphamvu pa doko limodzi ndi liwiro chidwi - 10 GB / s. Mu mayesero lenileni zimakwana anali pang'ono kwambiri odzichepetsa ndipo anafika pazipita 8 GB / s. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, bingu wakhala atagonjetsedwa analogues ake apamtima FireWire 800 ndi USB 3,0, osanenapo ndi eSATA.

Koma monga kupezeka kwa mfundo imeneyi zingamuthandize doko limodzi ndi cholumikizira silinakwaniritsidwe analandira. Ngakhale ena opanga tsopano bwinobwino Integrated zolumikizira abulusa kunja zovuta, bingu mawonekedwe. Komano, mtengo wa mwayi luso luso alinso ndi ndithu, choncho akukumana chitukuko ichi makamaka pakati zipangizo mkulu-wogulira.

N'zogwirizana ndi USB ndi FireWire chingapezeke mwa ntchito adaputala yoyenera. njira sikuti iwo mofulumira mwa mawu a deta, T. Kwa. polumikizira Onse bandiwifi Zatsala sichinasinthe. Ubwino pano ndi imodzi yokha - wachiphaliwali si chinthu Kuchepetsa ndi kugwirizana zimenezi, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi onse luso USB ndi FireWire.

SCSI ndi SAS - ndi zimene anamva, si onse

mawonekedwe wina kufanana kulumikiza zipangizo zotumphukira ku mwanzeru nsonga imodzi ya chitukuko, kuchokera pa kompyuta kuti osiyanasiyana onse zida.

«Small Computer System Chiyankhulo» anayamba kupanga pang'ono kale SATA II. Ndi nthawi otsiriza, polumikizira onse pa katundu anali pafupifupi ofanana ndi mnzake, akhoza kupereka cholumikizira kugwirizanitsa molimba pagalimoto khola ntchito makompyuta. Komabe, SCSI ntchito basi wamba, chifukwa cha zimene Mtsogoleri ungatithandizire wina zipangizo zikugwirizana yekha.

kuukonza Komanso ya sayansi, yomwe inatengedwa dzina latsopano SAS (siriyo Mayina SCSI), kale avulidwapo zolakwa zake zakale. SAS amalola zipangizo kulumikiza ndi malamulo SCSI imayendetsedwa ndi kugwiritsa thupi, omwe ndi ofanana ndi SATA chomwecho. Komabe, nthawi yochuluka amakulolani kugwirizana osati pagalimoto zolumikizira zovuta, komanso ambiri peripherals ena (osindikiza, Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo, ndi zina zotero. D.).

Amathandiza "otentha swapping" zipangizo, dilators basi kuti imodzi kulumikiza angapo SAS-zipangizo ndi doko lina waperekedwa ndipo m'mbuyo ngakhale ndi SATA.

Sitefana ziyembekezo

Mochititsa chidwi ntchito ndi mabuku lalikulu deta, mofulumira kupeza kutchuka ku mabwalo lero.

Network Mayina yosungirako , kapena Sitefana kwa lalifupi ndi kompyuta osiyana ndi ena osiyanasiyana litayamba, amene chikugwirizana ndi maukonde (zambiri wamba) ndi amapereka yosungirako ndi kulanda deta makompyuta ena olumikizidwa.

Udindo wake monga yosungirako Intaneti zipangizo zina, Seva mini chikugwirizana kudzera chingwe Efaneti wamba. mwayi Komanso ku zoikamo ake kudzera osatsegula aliyense kulumikiza kwa Sitefana maukonde adiresi. deta zilipo pa izo angagwiritsidwe ntchito Efaneti-chingwe, ndipo ntchito Wi-Fi.

Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuti kupereka mlingo mokwanira wangwiro yosungirako zambiri ndi kupereka izo yabwino mosavuta anthu anakhulupirira.

Features polumikiza abulusa zolimba Malaputopu

HDD ntchito mfundo ya kompyuta n'kupuma ndi losavuta kwambiri ndipo ndi bwino kuti aliyense - nthawi zambiri amafuna chingwe yoyenera kulumikiza yovuta litayamba mphamvu zolumikizira ndi unit mphamvu ndi chimodzimodzi kulumikiza chipangizo mavabodi a. Pamene inu ntchito yosungirako kunja, mungathe kuchita chimodzi chokha sitima (Mphamvu eSATA, bingu).

Koma mmene ntchito zolumikizira wa abulusa kope mwakhama? Ndipotu, kamangidwe osiyana pamafunika kuganizira mfundo zina zabwino zina zingapo.

Mu malo oyamba, kulumikiza zipangizo yosungirako mwachindunji "mkati" chipangizo ayenera kuganizira mfundo yakuti HDD mawonekedwe chinthu ayenera kukonzedwa ngati 2.5 "

Kachiwiri, mu galimoto laputopu molimba olumikizidwa kwa mavabodi mwachindunji. Popanda zingwe zoonjezera. unscrew chabe pansi pa chisanadze pa chivindikiro kwa HDD. Iwo ali mawonekedwe amakona anayi ndipo kawirikawiri wokwera awiri akapichi. Ndi udindo ndi kuyesetsa chipangizo yosungirako.

Onse zolumikizira wa abulusa kope zovuta zofanana mwamtheradi "m'bale" ake zazikulu, cholinga kwa PC.

Wina kugwirizana njira - kugwiritsa ntchito adaputala. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto SATA III akhoza olumikizidwa kwa USB-madoko akupezeka pa laputopu ndi thandizo la adaputala SATA-USB (msika akuimira ambiri zipangizo izi zosiyanasiyana polumikizira).

Wokwanira kugwirizana ndi HDD kuti adaputala lapansi. Izo, nawonso, amagwiritsa ku 220V magetsi. Ndi USB chingwe kulumikiza dongosolo lonse ndi laputopu, ndiye chosungira idzaonetsedwa, malinga ndi mmene chigawo chimodzi kwambiri.