Kodi kupanga zotsatira Biefield-Brown ndi manja ake?

Zingatanthauze kuti zochitika zonse za dziko akhala amati akatswiri a masiku ano. Koma si choncho. Pali ambiri osadziwika zosamvetsetseka kwa mfundo za sayansi za zochitikazo. Zitsanzo za mayesero amenewa ndi zochitika angatchedwe akonzedwa. Awa akhoza kukhala kusintha kwa gawo lina, mfundo nthenda kuti ali pa dziko, zotsatira za aakulu odana yokoka, ndi ena ambiri. Ngakhale sayansi yamakono zotheka, musalole kuti zinsinsi zawo.

Koma tikhoza kunena motsimikiza chinthu chimodzi chokha: zochitika zonsezi zitachitika mu kukhalapo kwa mphamvu ya maginito ndi magetsi. minda ziwiri izi mwatcheru kucheza ndi zotsatira yokoka mu malo ndi nthawi. Kafukufuku mwatsatanetsatane za mtundu wa mogwirizana kwachititsa kuti anapeza Biefield-Brown kwenikweni. Ndi manja awo chotero chodabwitsa akhoza visualized ngakhale panyumba.

A pang'ono chiphunzitso

Pafupifupi zaka zapitazo, kumayambiriro 20 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, ndi wasayansi American Tomás Braun anatsegula ndi chodabwitsa chidwi. Pa zatsopano mobwerezabwereza ndi x-ray chubu COOLIDGE wasayansi ndinazindikira kuti pansi zochita za mphamvu ina yosadziwika chikhalidwe asymmetric capacitor lomasula mu mlengalenga. Anaonekera kwa mphamvu imeneyi, capacitor ayenera voteji mkulu. Pa zatsopano, Brown anathandiza wasayansi wina American - Pol Bifeld.

Mu 1928, ofufuza setifiketi anatulukira wa chodabwitsa kuti umatchedwa Biefield-Brown kwenikweni. Sayansi ndila apeza njira ina kusonkhezera mwa munda magetsi pa kufunika kwa zinthu. Ntchito zotsatira za yatsoka mphamvu, inu mukhoza kulenga otchedwa ionolet. Pakali pano, zodabwitsazi angapezeke polenga injini ion, imene komanso mabodza chifukwa zotsatira Biefield-Brown. Kodi kupanga chipangizo ngati kunyumba, ife adzamvetsa pansipa.

Dongosololi anafotokoza chifukwa mpweya ionization M'mphepete lakuthwa ndi lakuthwa. Ayoni kusuntha kwa elekitirodi mosabisa, akuphedwa ndi kukhudzana ndi izo. Adzawombana ndi mzake, koma mphamvu si opatsirana. Pamene kutalika njira ndi kwambiri poyerekeza pa ionization. nyemba ndi kuchoka mpweya ion. The maelekitirodi kulenga munda, anapatsidwa Masamu amene ayoni kusuntha. Chifukwa ndi ndodo.

Mfundo ntchito

Musanayambe kulenga zotsatira Biefield-Brown ndi manja ake, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake chodabwitsa izi zimachitika.

kuŵala kwa m'mlengalenga limapezeka minda amphamvu za magetsi. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti pafupi m'mbali lakuthwa amapezeka ionization maatomu mpweya. Zochita zambiri ntchito elekitirodi 2. Woyamba ali labwino m'mbali lakuthwa padziko limene magetsi kumunda maganizo umalandira mtengo pazipita. Izi zokwanira kuyamba ionization za mlengalenga. The elekitirodi chachiwiri, mosiyana, ali ndi nkhope yotakata ndipo yosalala. Pofuna kuti katundu, ndi voteji pakati maelekitirodi ayenera makumi angapo kilovolts (kapena ngakhale megavolts). Zotsatira Mwamsanga ngati kuwonongeka amapezeka pakati maelekitirodi lapansi. Chiwembu Biefield Brown-zotsatira zikusonyezedwa zithunzi.

Near elekitirodi lakuthwa amapezeka ionization za mlengalenga. The ayoni chifukwa ayamba kusamukira ku elekitirodi lonse. Chifukwa cha gululi adzawombana ndi tinthu mpweya, imbaenda kulanda mphamvu kwa ayoni kuti mamolekyulu lapansi. Recent kapena kuyamba kusuntha mofulumira, kapena iwo eni kukhala ayoni. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti kuchokera pachimake kuti ndi elekitirodi lonse Mpweya amapezeka. mphamvu otaya okwanira kulera chitsanzo kakang'ono mu mlengalenga. chipangizo Izi zafala ionoletom kapena lifter.

The zatsopano kusonyeza kuti Biefield-Brown zotsatira sachiza mu vacuo. Kukhalapo kwa sing'anga gaseous ndi choyambilira kukhazikitsidwa kwa chodabwitsa lapansi.

zipangizo zofunika

Recreate Biefield-Brown tingati chofunika chidutswa cha waya mkuwa ndi gawo mtanda wa 0,1 ^mm2. chimango ndi anasonkhana ku slats nkhuni (balsa). Iwo cholukanalukana cyanoacrylate ulimbo. chimango The Akusonkhanitsa mawonekedwe a kansalu ndi mbali ya masentimita 20. The magetsi ntchito monga gwero voteji. Pamatenga, mwachitsanzo, ionizer zoweta.

Kodi ati chitsanzo?

Ionolet kungakhale dongosolo losavuta kuti akhoza anasonkhana ndi dzanja. Zotsatira Biefield-Brown kulengedwanso ntchito asymmetric capacitor. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga woonda mkuwa waya (monga elekitirodi lakuthwa) ndi mbale zojambulazo (br elekitirodi). Wa matabwa ati chimango, amene anatambasula zojambulazo. Pankhaniyi, sayenera kupanga m'mbali lakuthwa, kupewa kusokonezeka iliyonse. Pakati pa zojambulazo ndi waya anapitiriza mtunda pafupifupi 3 cm.

Chipangizo olumikizidwa kwa jenereta mkulu voteji (a dongosolo la 30 kV voteji). Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Ndi "kuphatikiza" tiona kuti zikugwirizana elekitirodi lakuthwa (waya). Kuti mbale zojambulazo ndi amodzi zoipa osachiritsika. kamangidwe amamangidwa gome mwa filaments nayiloni. Izi kutetezera levitation lapansi. Zotsatira Biefield-Brown amapanga mu ionizer mpweya. chingwe A womangidwa kuchepetsa kutalika kwake "ndege": iye angakhoze kokha kukwera ndi kutalika wofanana ndi kutalika kwa ulusi.

Kuwonjezeka zotsatira za mphamvu

Chifukwa zotsatira za manja awo Biefield-Brown angathe bwino. Mukhoza kuchita izi mu njira zingapo:

• kuchepetsa mtunda wa pakati maelekitirodi ndi (i.e., kuonjezera mphamvu capacitor a);
• kuonjezera dera maelekitirodi ndi (ichinso amatsogolera ndi kuwonjezeka capacitance);
• kuonjezera angathe munda magetsi (kuwonjezeka voteji pakati maelekitirodi a).

Izi ndi zina njira zingawonjezere msinkhu kumene mukhoza kuwuka ionizer.

Pomaliza

Chinaonekeranso ndi awo manja Brown zotsatira Biefield pakuwonana koyamba zikuoneka zosamvetsetseka ndi achabechabe. Koma tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito mu ntchito. Iwo amapereka mpata mphamvu "paliponse". Ndipo limakupatsani mukuganiza kuti n'zotheka kupeza mphamvu kuchokera "mpweya". Pakali pano, pachimake nkhani mphamvu anthu. Choncho, amenewa akuphunziridwa mu Laboratories payekha ndi boma ambiri.