Ndi madera Spanish chiyani? Kufotokozera, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

A njuchi la Spain mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, ali ndi gawo yaikulu ya dzikolo. Ufumu wa Spain anali mmodzi wa wamphamvu kwambiri limati ang'onoang'ono a m'mbuyomu. Yogwira kulamulira ndiponso zimene Hrs zinakhudza chitukuko cha mbiri ya anthu. Kugonjetsedwa bwanji chikhalidwe, zinenero achipembedzo chitukuko cha mitundu yambiri.

prerequisites kulamulira

Mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chinayi, Spain anali kumenyera ufulu wodzilamulira. Kuchokera kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa dziko anapitiriza kufika Asilamu otchedwa a Moor ndi Saracens. The zaka yaitali wa nkhondo kunatha ndi Kuchotsedwa komaliza a Aluya ku Africa ndi. Koma pambuyo kuwina chinatseguka mavuto ambiri. Pomenya nkhondo kwa zaka zambiri, Spain walenga malamulo angapo a chivalry, ndipo asilikali anali kwambiri kuposa dziko lililonse ku Ulaya. Olamulira a ku Habsburg mafumu ankadziwa kuti m'kupita kwanthawi zidzayambitsa anagalukira chikhalidwe. Kuopsa kwambiri, mu maganizo awo, anali opanda minda ana aang'ono a Knights - Hidalgo.

Choyamba, kulongosola ludzu lawo ndi moyo wabwino m'njira yoyenera kuti Boma, pa nkhondo zomenyera ku East inayambika. Komabe, Saracens ndi kukana aukali, kukakamiza Akhristu kuti abwerere. M'midzi Spanish mu Africa ang'onoang'ono ndi pafupifupi sanali kubweretsa phindu lililonse. Pa nthawi imeneyo, izo zinali mu mkulu kufunika katundu osiyana India. Malinga ndi maganizo a ku Ulaya zinali osati kum'mawa komanso kum'mwera. Choncho kuti mupeze njira yayifupi kwambiri nthawi zonse zoyenera za ulendo.

atulukira Hrs

Njuchi loyamba la Spain pambuyo Christopher Columbus anatulukira dziko la America - America. M'chaka mochedwa 1492 anabwera zombo atatu mbendera Spanish. zipolopolo awo pa chuma cha m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ku Ulaya. Pakati m'dzinja chaka chomwecho Columbus anafika Bahamas. Patatha miyezi inayi, adatsegula chilumba cha Haiti. Pofunafuna Spain golide nthawizina iwo anapita kumtunda ndipo anasamukira zambiri m'nkhalango. Pa ulendo wawo anakumana kukana akomweko. Komabe, mlingo wa chitukuko awo lagged kumbuyo Europe kwa zaka zingapo. Choncho conquistadors, atavala mu zitsulo zida, palibe vuto kupambana mbadwa.

Patatha zaka eyiti ulendo wina m'chombo, kale wopangidwa ogwira polutoratysyachny chakudya. Iwo kafukufuku mbali yaikulu ya South America. zilumba chatsopano anatulukira. Pambuyo mgwirizano umenewu yosainidwa pakati Portugal ndi Spain, chimene m'mayiko ena anagawanika mofanana pakati pa maufumu awiri.

America South

Poyamba, Spain anayamba kufufuza kugombe la kumadzulo kwa America. Ichi ndi gawo la Brazil ano, Chile, Peru ndi mayiko ena. Mayiko atsopano anakhazikitsidwa malamulo Spanish. Administration anakakhala midzi yaikulu. Ndiye, asilikali onyamula zida zankhondo anatumizidwa kugonjetsa m'mayiko ena. Pomwepo adadza ochokera Europe. Anthu wamba, makamaka Bolivia, zedi.

Spain kwambiri chidwi chuma katundu. Golide, siliva ndi zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati inu mufika golide zinali Sizotheka, ndi conquistadors siliva wochuluka. zombo othodwa kufika mwezi uliwonse pa doko. A nambala yaikulu imports zinachititsa kuti idzatha m'kupita kwa ufumuwo. Kufufuma anayamba, zimene zinachititsa kuti umphawi. Yotsirizira spawned zipolowe angapo.

North America

Spain a dziko-njuchi anali ndi ulamuliro. Iwo anagonjera Valladolid pa ufulu feduro. Mayiko wotanganidwa zachitika Chisipanishi ndi chikhalidwe. Mu njuchi mavuto Rio de La Plata anabweretsa Indians m'deralo. Iwo anali kubisala m'nkhalango zina anaukira. Choncho, boma wachiwiri ufumu anali yosankha asilikali ochokera madera oyandikana kulimbana zigaŵenga zankhondo, amene, kuwonjezera, ndi bungwe looting zachiwawa.

Kwa zaka makumi anayi ankalamulira Spanish anakwanitsa kutsegula madera kuposa makumi awiri mu gawo la Dziko Latsopano. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo amaphatikizidwa mu Viceroyalty zikuluzikulu. Iwo inali kumpoto kwa njuchi waukulu - New Spain, lomwe linatsegulidwa ndi Hernán Cortés - ndi lodziwika bwino chithunzi, amene amaganizira ndi mzinda lachinsinsi la El Dorado.

Kuti alowererepo yogwira Great Britain conquistadors kukhazikitsa zonse m'mphepete mwa nyanja North ndi South America, Spanish njuchi. Mndandanda wa maiko ambiri amene kale anali chambiri Spain:

• Mexico.
• Cuba.
• Honduras.
• Ecuador.
• Peru.
• Chile.
• Colombia.
• Bolivia.
• Guatemala.
• Nicaragua.
• Gawo la Brazil, Argentina ndi USA.

kapangidwe Administrative

Maiko amene ankawalamulira wakale wa Spain mderali - ndi United States (limati Kumwera) ndi Mexico. Mosiyana ndi madera pa Africa kum'mwera, pali conquistadors anakumana ndi chitukuko patsogolo kwambiri. Padangokhala anakhala pa dziko lino Aaziteki ndi Mayans. Anasiya yaikulu cholowa mapulani. mayunitsi aboma Cortez anakumana ndi kukana m'bungwe kwambiri kulamulira. Ataona zimenezi, Spanish anachita wankhanza kwambiri amwenyewa. Chifukwa, manambala ake anakana mofulumira.

Atalenga latsopano conquistadors Spanish anasamukira ku West maziko Louisiana, East ndi West Florida. Gawo la dzikolo linali m'manja mwa mzindawo mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Koma chifukwa cha nkhondo ndi United States, iwo tataya zonse. Mexico kumbuyo ufulu wawo kwa zaka pang'ono.

Madongosolo a m'madera wotanganidwa

Mphamvu ankawalamulira anali anaikira mu manja a viceroy lapansi. Nayenso, anagonjera ku munthu wa Spanish mfumu. Viceroyalty unagawidwa mbali zingapo (ngati mokwanira lalikulu). Dera anali makonzedwe yake ndi chigawocho mpingo. Choncho, ambiri mwa njuchi wakale wa Spain mpaka tsopano Roma Katolika. nthambi ina ya boma anali asilikali. Nthawi zambiri msana wa asilikali anali Ankhondo mercenaries, amene, patapita kanthawi anabwerera ku Ulaya.

Maudindo apamwamba mu wachiwiri wa ufumu akanangokhoza kubwera ku mzinda wa. Awa anali cholowa otchuka ndi Ankhondo olemera. Mbadwa za Spain anabadwira ku America, monga mwa chilamulo, wogwidwa ndi ufulu wofanana ndi anthu a mzinda wa. Komabe, mu mchitidwe iwo nthawi zambiri akuvutitsidwa, ndi kutenga malo apamwamba aliwonse koma sadakhoza.

ANZANU DERA

anthu Local anali oimira a mafuko osiyanasiyana Indian. Poyamba, nthawi zambiri pansi kupha ndi Agwidwa. Komabe, patapita utsogoleli atsamunda anaganiza kusintha maganizo ake kwa Aaborijini. M'malo looting, anaganiza masuku pamutu amwenyewa. Yokhala akapolo sanali. Komabe, ena pansi kuntchito ndipo kwambiri zedi. Ndipo ngati sanalabadire iwo kukhala amangawa a Korona, kuti si wosiyana kwambiri ku ukapolo.

Chambiri Spain analanda chikhalidwe cha dziko mayi. Zosemphana owawa izo sanazichite. anthu Local okonzeka kwambiri kuphunzira ku miyambo ya ku Ulaya. Mu yochepa nthawi mbadwa aphunzira chinenero. Kuloŵerera zachititsa kubwera kwa Ankhondo a kholo limodzi Hidalgo. Iwo anakakhala Viceroyalty ndi okwatira akazi Indian. Kodi mzinda wa Spain, bwino tikuziona m'chitsanzo cha Louisiana. Pambuyo wachiwiri ufumu kwa zaka anapanga ubale ang'onoang'ono pakati pa anthu wamba ndi makonzedwe a.

Imfa ya ankawalamulira

Mavuto ku Ulaya anafika pachimake m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu. Spain anapita kukamenyana ndi France. Kufufuma, ndi chotetana zinachititsa kuti kuchepa wa ufumu. Ife anapezerapo mwayi wa njuchi ndipo anayamba kuchita nkhondo yomenyera. Ndipo nthawi zina, chikuchititsa zonsezi anali anthu wamba, ana a atsamunda akale, ambiri amene anaphatikizana. Akatswiri ambiri amakayikira Spain linali dera lake wachiwiri wa ufumu. Kuti ali akapolo ku chisiriro kuchokera kumadera akutali. Ambiri mwina. Ndipo posachedwa anayesa kusunga kukopa kwake m'mayiko American pa mtengo uliwonse. Ndipotu, pambuyo kukana kwawo Spain lokha pafupifupi anakomoka.