Mudzikonzere mafupa: mayina ndi ntchito. Kodi ngati kupweteka dzanja fupa

manja a anthu osati wamphamvu monga miyendo, koma iwo amachita zosiyanasiyana mwai, zomwe zimathandiza mu kuphunzira ndi chidziwitso cha dziko loyandikira.

mafupa manja

Iwo ndi agile ambiri mu thupi la munthu. Izi ntchito ndi lamba phewa ndi dexterity chala. Choncho lingalirani mwatsatanetsatane mkono fupa la mafupa a.

Humerus. Pamwamba pa izo mawonekedwe ozungulira womwe ndi M'mimbamo ka tsamba. Chifukwa recess pang'ono ndi ufulu wa kulumikiza zingwe manja ndi miyendo mafoni kuposa mapazi ake. Phewa dzanja fupa inali ku mbali chapamwamba.

The mmunsi mwa nthambi chapamwamba tichipeza mafupa awiri; utali wozungulira ndi ulna. Yotsirizira ndi hinge olowa chikugwirizana ndi mkono chapamwamba, ndipo woyamba - amatha atembenuza padziko lachiwirilo. Izi ndi chifukwa kupinda wa manja ndi m'munsi minofu yake.

Pamwamba pa fupa ali makhalidwe yake. Izi akuonekera bwino mu humerus, kumene mothandizidwa ndi mutu aumbike mkati minofu convexity. Pamene dzanja wopindidwa pa chigongono limapezeka atatu tubercle. malo, akuyenera kutha kwa humerus ndi ulna pamwamba, anamaliza mutu kuti ndi bwino kuonekera pa dzanja la.

Ray fupa manja. kapangidwe

Iwo zili forearm, ndipo anapatsidwa magulu awiri; wapotalikira ndi proximal. Zozungulira dzanja fupa ossification anayamba kuyamika mfundo zimene pamapeto, uka mu njira ya chitukuko cha thupi. Izi zimachitika pa lachiwiri, lachisanu lachisanu ndi chimodzi, lachisanu ndi chitatu, khumi ndi zaka zisanu ndi zinayi kapena khumi a moyo.

Akamakula zidutswa akulu fupa mu thupi la munthu amakhala akuluakulu. Kudziwa malowa ali bwinobwino kapena chosayenerera, izo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Pa zaka makumi awiri wazaka akubwera synostosis. Ngati pazifukwa zina fupa pachimake si chikugwirizana ndi gawo la fupa pa chigongono, pali Mwina mkulu wa zosayembekezereka ya wosakhazikika fupa.

Kapangidwe ka dzanja

mafupa ake wapangidwa ndi dzanja, metacarpals ndi zala.

• Dzanja akuimira mu thupi 8 lalifupi chofewa ngati siponji mafupa anakonza mizere iwiri: chapamwamba (proximal) ndi kutsikira (wapotalikira). Choncho, mu oyamba: pisiform, triangular, semilunar ndi mafupa navicular. Chachiwiri: hamate, capitate, trapezoid ndi polygonal. Pamwamba pa chilichonse fupa dzanja ndi articular malo. Kugwiritsa iwo amapezeka articulation ndi mafupa pafupi.

• 5 mapulogalamu metacarpus lalifupi mafupa tubular, aliyense amene ali m'munsi thupi la mawonekedwe triangular ndi malekezero unakhuthala ndi mutu. Chifukwa dongosolo lino, metacarpals, pamene amaphatikizidwa ndi mzake, ndi partitions interosseous, ndi kanjedza ndi otukukira kunja, ndi kumbuyo kwa dzanja lake - concave.
• Mwamuna ali ndi zala zisanu: chala chachikulu, index, pakati, mphete ndi chala chaching'ono. Phalanges ndi mafupa mu mawonekedwe a machubu yochepa. Zala kupatula woyamba, ali phalanges atatu: proximal, pakati ndi wapotalikira. Mu chala ndi awiri okha: motalikitsa - ndi proximal yayifupi - wapotalikira. Aliyense anapatsa phalange m'munsi thupi ndi mutu. Mafupa dzanja Amawapatsa mabowo michere kudzera amene ziwiya zofunika mafupa ndi mitsempha CHIKWANGWANI zinthu.

N'chifukwa chiyani ululu manja?

Nthawi zambiri mafupa zilonda dzanja mu fractures, sprains ndi Mitsemphayi ong'ambika. Komanso makina kuwonongeka chifukwa ululu zingakhale:

• minofu Overstrain chifukwa kwambiri zofuna kukhetsa thukuta.
• Omangika malo kapena manja mobwerezabwereza, zomwe zimachititsa anthu burashi kwa nthawi yaitali.

Ngati zinthu izi ululu mu manja, muyenera kuchepetsa katundu pa iwo ngakhale ena nthawi kuwachititsa. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti amenewa ululu zina ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a mafupa, minofu kapena misempha. Choncho, ngati iwo alibe anayesedwa, ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Nthawi zina, ngakhale pa mpumulo, sapita popanda katundu kupweteka kwa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa manja. Tikhoza kuganiza kuti kutupa ili, kapena, oipitsitsa, nyamakazi. Apa, katswiri thandizo siyingawapweteke.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu mungavulale tsiku ndi tsiku. gawo la mikango kuukira imagwera pa manja. Munthu sangathe yomweyo kuti iye anali wovulala, ndi ululu iye anabwerera ndi kuti zoipa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa, mwa zina, fupa fractures zizindikiro dzanja bwino kunachokera.

Nthawi zina ululu angaperekedwe mu miyendo chapamwamba. Ngati mafupa ndi zilonda dzanja lamanzere, tikhoza kuganiza ndi vuto la mtima kapena m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, amene anatsagana ndi:

• Ululu kumbuyo breastbone lapansi.
• Kupuma movutikira.
• Pallor, nseru.
• Kubwera kwa thukuta ozizira.
• Osadziŵika nkhawa.

Pankhaniyi, muyenera itanani ambulansi yomweyo.

dzanja. osamukira wovulala

Zizindikiro za wovulala ngati mafupa dzanja ululu ndi kutupa. matenda zolondola zingadziŵike ndi X-ray. Komabe, mkono fupa wovulala ndi kusamutsidwa m'dera lino ali osowa kwambiri. Maulosi kwa machiritso a wovulala akumane kuyambira ziwiya intraosseous kuonongeka amene ali mphamvu zoyendetsera. Mu nkhani iyi, akhoza kupanga limodzi wabodza, ndipo akhoza kuyamba matenda monga fupa necrosis. Nthawi zambiri kuchotsedwa opaleshoni.

Fractures kuti mavuto a metacarpals ndi chifukwa kulongosola chiwawa m'manja mwa dziko. kuwonongeka amenewa amakhala ndi kutupa, kusintha mu mawonekedwe a mafupa, kupweteka, kuphwanya luso galimoto. Metacarpal dzanja vuto la fupa lothyoka ndi kusamutsidwa poyamba kuchepetsa dzanja. Ndiye splints ntchito kumbuyo kwa mkono ndi dzanja ku chigongono kuti phalanges mu mafupa awo. Palm atakhazikitsa ake udindo arcuate waya basi.

Phalanges anavulala zambiri kunyumba kapena kuntchito. Fractures nthawi zambiri lotseguka. Ngati iwo ali nazo zithandizire, matenda sikovuta. Chithandizo akuyamba ndi debridement. Ndiye kuchepetsa fupa pa malo ake ndi kuika basi, zomwe milungu itatu akhoza kuchotsedwa. mphamvu zonse ntchito n'zotheka mu mwezi - theka.

Mosasamala chimene manja anu akhala akukonza fupa wovulala, kuyambira m'masiku oyambirira a choipa ndi zofunika kuchita olimbitsa choipa. Pa siteji ya chisamaliro malangizo bwino kuthandiza physiotherapy, kutikita.

Utali wozungulira. wovulala

Mtundu wa choipa kumafuna wathunthu kapena tsankho kuphwanya dongosolo fupa. Pamene manja ongoyendayenda cheza cha fractures fupa, chifukwa ayenera anafuna mu katundu wolemera kwambiri kuti amazindikira maganizo makina pa dziko. Kumayambiriro kwa kuchepetsa inadzachitika lachindunji zimakhudza mphamvu pa fupa zozungulira. Izi zimachitikira pamene kugwa pa dzanja lotambasula, pamene zidutswa fupa imakhudzidwa malingana zogona ake mu makamaka udindo pa nthawi ya kugwa.

choyamba-chithandizo

Mu chochitika cha wovulala aliyense pa mapewa ayenera anakhudzidwa ayambitse ndi mankhwala ochititsa. Pakuti imeneyi ivomelezana ndi gawo limodzi njira "promedolom" munthu milliliter yekha. Pamakhala splint, molondola basi.

Wovulalayo ayenera kutenga dzanja ku mbali kukaweramira pa chigongono pa makona a madigiri nainte. Kenako anaika thonje wad kapena bandeji mu burashi ndi zala sayenera anatambasula. M'dera la armpit kuika wodzigudubuza nsalu. Kulimbitsa bandeji yake anadutsa phewa wathanzi. Popeza njira yapadera, n'zotheka kuti agwiritse ntchito zipangizo pa dzanja, monga matabwa. Only kunyamula wovulalayo mu malo mosapumira.

Ngati choipa ndi mu chikhalidwe cha wovulala lotseguka, adzakhululukidwa limodzi ndi magazi. Kusiya ziyenera oletsa malo zowonongeka wa kufinya bandeji bandeji. Ngati magazi silitiletsa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tourniquet.

Zimayambitsa kupweteka mafupa

Anthu ambiri kupweteka mafupa manja kapena mapazi a nyengo yoipa, pambuyo zolimbitsa yovutayi kapena chabe popanda chifukwa. Chifukwa kutchereza.

• Nthawi zambiri yakuyipsa manja fupa ndi mapazi okalamba. chakuti munthu wachikulire kubwera senile kusintha osachiritsika mu mafupa ndi mafupa. Ndi zaka, mafupa kukhala wowonda, tingayambe kutaya kolajeni, calcium ndi ambiri mchere. Chifukwa cha kusintha onsewa iwo kukhala ofooka ndi osalimba kuposa.
• Anthu zodyetsedwa bwino kukula kwa thupi Nthawi zambiri kupweteka mafupa mwendo. Anamchititsa ndi katundu kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mukhoza kuwachitira mungakonde, koma izi si kuthandiza, bola ngati munthu alibe matenda kulemera.

• Anthu akukumana ntchito kwambiri tsiku thupi, amadwala ululu m'thupi la manja ndi mapazi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kagayidwe akawinduka, ndipo zakudya anakhala fupa zovuta. Ululu kugwirizana, makamaka, ndi kuchepekedwa kwa ena zinthu zofunika zakudya minofu fupa.
• Chifukwa kupweteka mafupa a manja ndi miyendo kungakhale mikwingwirima, fractures, zotupa, autoimmune matenda, chifuwa, khansa ena.

Kupewa Ngozi Kuteteza

Kuteteza fractures akhoza kukhala, ngati inu kusunga Malamulo awa:

• Ngati nkotheka, kuyenda mu malo bwino anayatsa.
• Posankha nsapato kulabadira zidendene bwino ngati chosema ndi notches.
• Mafupa amphamvu zakudya zokhala ndi calcium.
• Pa nyengo yozizira kupeza mayendedwe yoterera.
• Limbikitsani minofu ndi manja mafupa ndi mapazi zotheka katundu.
• Yesani n'kudziphatika kwa yolimbikira ndi wathanzi moyo.