Mosfet - ndichiyani? Ntchito ndi kutsimikizira transistors

M'nkhaniyi tiphunzira za transistors, MOSFET, ndiye, ena a dera kumeneko. Aliyense mtundu munda zotsatira transistor, amene athandizira ndi electrically kutali waukulu panopa yonyamula njira. Ndipo n'chifukwa chake amatchedwa munda zotsatira transistor ndi chipata lotsekedwa. Mtundu ambiri chotero munda zotsatira transistor, amene ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'madera a pakompyuta, wotchedwa munda-zotsatira transistor zitsulo okusayidi-michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi zochokera kapena kusintha mos transistor (chidule chidule cha mchitidwe uwu).

Kodi MOSFET?

MOSFET ndi voteji womwe FET, zosiyana kuchokera kumunda kuti ali ndi "zitsulo okusayidi" chipata elekitirodi amene electrically amalimata kuchokera waukulu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi N-njira kapena tsa-njira ndi wosanjikiza woonda kwambiri a chimateteza zakuthupi. Monga ulamuliro, ndi silika (ndipo ngati chosavuta, galasi).

Izi kopitilira muyeso-woonda amalimata zitsulo chipata elekitirodi angathe kuonedwa ngati mbale wina capacitor. Kutchinjiriza ulamuliro athandizira zimapangitsa kulimbikira MOSFET ndi zedi mkulu, pafupifupi wopandamalire.

Monga m'munda, mos transistors mkulu kwambiri athandizira impedance. Mosavuta kudziunjikira wambirimbiri woyang'anira malo amodzi, imbaenda n'kuwononga, ngati si mosamala kutetezedwa ndi unyolo.

Kusiyana kwa MOSFET kunja zotsatira transistors

Chachikulu kusiyana kuchokera kumunda ndi kuti MOSFETs zilipo njira ziwiri zofunika:

1. Wakuta - transistor kumafuna chipata-gwero voteji kwa chipangizo kusinthitsa kuti "WOZIMITSA". wakuta mode MOSFET ndi lofanana ndi "bwinobwino anatseka" lophimba.
2. Machulukitsidwe - transistor kumafuna chipata-gwero voteji kuti kuyatsa chipangizo. Dziwani mumalowedwe MOSFET ndi lofanana lophimba ndi "bwinobwino anatseka" ojambula.

Zizindikiro za transistors pa madera

Mzere wa pakati yogwirizana wa kuda ndi gwero ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi njira. Ngati chithunzi Zimenezi zikusonyeza MOSFET transistors, izo ukufanizidwa ndi mzere mafuta olimba, chinthu umagwirira mode wakuta. Kuyambira panopa akhoza zichokere kuda kuchipata ziro angathe. Ngati njira kumaonekeranso mzere malodza kapena mzere athyoka, transistor ukugwira ntchito mode machulukitsidwe chifukwa panopa loyenda ziro chipata angathe. Muvi malangizo amasonyeza njira conductive kapena tsa-mtundu michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi tsa-mtundu. Ndipo transistors zoweta ndi anatchulidwa mu njira yomweyo mofanana ndi achilendo.

Kapangidwe yaikulu ya MOSFET transistor

Kamangidwe ka MOSFET ndi (kuti, anafotokoza m'nkhani) ndi osiyana kwambiri kuchokera kumunda. Onse mitundu ya transistors ntchito m'munda magetsi analengedwa ndi chipata voteji. Kusintha otaya onyamula mlandu, ma elekitironi mu N-njira kapena kutsegula kwa tsa-njira mwa semiconductive gwero-kuda njira. Chipata elekitirodi aikidwa pamwamba pa woonda kwambiri wosanjikiza zokutira zitsulo ndiponso ali ndi awiri zigawo tsa-mtundu waung'ono chabe pansi kuda ndi gwero maelekitirodi.

sichiri palibe chiletso ndi lotsekedwa chipata chipangizo mos transistor. Choncho n'zotheka kugwirizana kwa chipata cha gwero MOSFET kaya polarity (zabwino kapena zoipa). Dziwani kuti transistors zambiri kunja kuposa anzawo m'banja.

Izi zimapangitsa MOSFET zamakono zili zothandiza makamaka masiwichi kapena zipangizo mfundo pakompyuta, chifukwa popanda chikoka kuchokera kunja, kawirikawiri makhalidwe panopa. Chifukwa cha ichi mkulu athandizira chipata kukana. Choncho, ochepa kapena kulamulira zonyozeka ndi koyenera kuti mos transistors. Chifukwa chakuti zipangizo ankalamulira kunja zikundithandiza.

wakuta mode MOSFET

wakuta mode amapezeka kwambiri kamodzikamodzi kuposa modes phindu popanda kukondera voteji ntchito kwa chipata. Ndiko kuti, njira likugwira pa ziro chipata voteji Choncho, chipangizo "bwinobwino anatseka". The zithunzi ntchito pofotokoza mzere olimba bwinobwino anatseka njira conductive.

Pakuti N-njira wakuta mos transistor, oipa chipata-gwero voteji ndi zoipa, zidzakhala kuchepetseratu (choncho dzina) wochita njira transistor ufulu ma elekitironi ake. Chimodzimodzinso kwa tsa-njira mos transistor ndi zikutha m'mayiko zabwino chipata-gwero voteji, njira adzakhala kuchepetseratu mabowo awo free, kusunthira chipangizo mu mkhalidwe sanali akuchititsa. Koma kupitiriza kwa transistor si amadalira mode zimene ntchito.

M'mawu ena, zikutha m'mayiko mode N-njira MOSFET:

1. The voteji zabwino pa kuda ndi akuluakulu angapo ma elekitironi ndipo panopa.
2. Kumatanthauza voteji zochepa zoipa ndi atsopano a ma elekitironi.

The osiyanitsidwa ndi zowona transistors tsa-njira. Ngakhale wakuta mode MOSFET ndi lofanana ndi "bwinobwino lotseguka" lophimba.

N-njira mos transistor mu mode wakuta,

wakuta mode MOSFET wamangidwa mu njira zofanana ndi za kunja zotsatira transistors. Komanso, kuda-gwero njira - wosanjikiza conductive ndi ma elekitironi ndi mabowo, amene ali pano mu N-mtundu kapena njira tsa-mtundu. Chotero njira doping amalenga otsika kukana njira conductive pakati kuda ndi gwero ndi voteji ziro. Ntchito Tester transistors akhoza kuchititsa miyezo ya mafunde ndi voltages pa linanena bungwe ake ndi athandizira.

Dziwani mumalowedwe MOSFET

More zofala transistors MOSFET ndi phindu mode, ndi kubwerera ku mode wakuta. Pali kuchititsa njira mopepuka doped kapena undoped, zomwe zimachititsa kuti sanali conductive. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti chipangizo mu mode osagwira si kuchititsa (pamene chipata kukondera voteji ndi ziro). The zithunzi kufotokoza mtundu mos transistors ntchito mzere wosweka kusonyeza bwinobwino lotseguka-kuchititsa njira.

Kuonjezera N-njira mos transistor kuda panopa idzayenda kokha pamene chipata voteji ntchito pachipata woposa pakhomo voteji. Tikamatsatira ndi voteji zabwino ku chipata cha tsa-mtundu MOSFET (kutanthauza modes opareshoni, kusintha madera zafotokozedwa m'nkhani) amakopeka ma elekitironi kwambiri malangizo a wosanjikiza la okusayidi padziko chipata, chotero kuwonjezera phindu (choncho dzina) kwa makulidwe njira, kulola womasuka otaya panopa.

NKHANI Dziwani mode

Kuwonjezeka zabwino chipata voteji adzachititsa zikamera kukaniza mu njira. Izo sizigwira kusonyeza transistor Tester, likhoza kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa kusintha. Kuchepetsa kukula zina, m'pofunika kuwonjezera kuda panopa. M'mawu ena, kuti kumapangitsanso mode N-njira MOSFET:

1. A positive chizindikiro transistor anamasuliridwa mu mode kuchititsa.
2. No chizindikiro kapena mtengo zake zoipa anamasuliridwa mu nonconductive mode transistor. Choncho, akafuna amveke MOSFET ndi lofanana ndi "bwinobwino lotseguka" lophimba.

Apatu kukambirana ndi chomveka mwanjira patsogolo tsa-njira mos transistors. Pa ziro voteji chipangizo mu "WOZIMITSA" ndi njira ndi lotseguka. Kugwiritsa voteji mtengo zoipa pachipata cha tsa-mtundu MOSFET ukuwonjezeka mu njira madutsidwe, kumasulira mode ake "Pa". Inu angaletse ntchito Tester (digito kapena kuyimba). Ndiye boma apeze tsa-njira MOSFET:

1. Zabwino chizindikiro linamasulira transistor "kutali."
2. Wachisoni chikuphatikizapo transistor mu "Pa" mode.

phindu mode N-njira MOSFET

Mu amveke akafuna MOSFETs ndi otsika athandizira impedance mu mode kuchititsa ndi nonconducting kwambiri mkulu. Komanso, pali wamphamvu mkulu athandizira impedance chifukwa chipata awo lotsekedwa. Mumalowedwe phindu transistors ntchito mu madera Integrated kulandira CMOS mfundo zipata ndi kusinthitsa madera mphamvu mu mawonekedwe monga PMOS (P-njira) ndi NMOS (N-njira) athandizira. CMOS - mos ndi wowonjezera m'njira yakuti ndi chipangizo zomveka ali ndi PMOS, ndi NMOS mapulani ake.

MOSFET mkuzamawu

Monga ngati munda, transistors MOSFET angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga kalasi mkuzamawu "A". Mkuzamawu dera ndi N-njira mos transistor ofanana gwero phindu boma ndi otchuka. MOSFET amplifiers wakuta mode zofanana kwambiri ndi madera ntchito zipangizo kumunda, koma kuti MOSFET (kuti ali ndi mitundu kodi, kukambirana pamwamba) ali mkulu athandizira impedance.

impedance uno umalamulidwa ndi athandizira resistive kupendekeretsa maukonde popangidwa ndi resistors R1 ndi R2. Komanso, linanena bungwe mbendera wamba gwero mkuzamawu transistors MOSFET mu mode amveke mozondoka chifukwa, pamene athandizira voteji ndi otsika, ndiye transistor ndimeyi lotseguka. Izi akhoza kutsimikizika, ndi mu nkhokwe Tester yekha (digito kapena kuyimba). Pa athandizira mkulu voteji ndi transistor mu mode ON, linanena bungwe voteji ndi otsika kwambiri.