Mbiri ya mzinda wa Omsk: m'munsi tsiku, malo enieni mbendera, street

Omsk - ndi chitatu kwambiri ambiri mumzinda wa dziko. Ndi mayendedwe lalikulu likulu, amene navigation zodutsa pa Mtsinje Irtysh ndi Transsiberian. chidwi chachikulu ndi mbiri ya mzinda wa Omsk, m'pamenenso kuti kuda choyamba cha kukhalapo anthu pa madera ake a 6 Zakachikwi BC.

malo Hrs

Omsk lili kum'mwera kwa West Siberia Plain, pa confluence a mtsinje Om ndi Irtysh. Mtunda ku molunjika Moscow ndi 2242 Km ndipo mpaka kumalire ndi Kazakhstan - pafupifupi 150 Km. mzinda lili 4 TH zone nthawi, ndipo chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu 572. Km.

dzina

Akatswiri adakali kukangana kapena ndi chidule cha mawu akuti "Omsk". Mbiri ya dzina la mzinda yosokoneza kwambiri. Pali Baibulo kuti wapangidwa ndi makalata oyambirira mawu m'mawu oti "malo Kumalekezero a akaidi ukapolo." Komabe, akatswiri ambiri kuona kugwirizana ndi dzina la Om Mtsinje. Mokomera Baibulo chachiwiri ndi chakuti uyu dzina la malo anaonekera kale iwo anaonekera mu Omsk mphamvu m'ndende kwa akaidi.

Background kuti zikamera wa Omsk

Monga tanenera kale, anthu oyambirira anadzakhala m'dera limeneli mu M'badwo Stone. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi artefacts ambiri anapeza zofukulidwa m'mabwinja pa dera la Omsk magalimoto. M'malo iwo mu Neolithic anabwera oimira zina otukuka chikhalidwe, kukhala ndi luso mbiya, ndipo kenako chitakhazikitsidwa mafuko, anataya sera mkuwa, otchedwa Androns. maliro awo anapezeka pa malo kamodzi inali Omsk linga, ndipo tsopano ndi Museum la msewu. Ndiye, pa mtunda 12 m'kamwa Omi irmentsami unali kuchokera Pamudzi, unakhala pafupifupi 10 m'ma 8 BC. e. Otsatirawa okhala malo awa akhala kulaytsy, ndipo pambuyo pake m'malo mwa Huns amene asamuka ku dera Baikal.

M'munsi mwa Omsk linga

Mu m'ma 16 Oirat anthu wamba, amene Russia asapita zamtendere inakhazikitsidwa, kukhala zochokera Omi anafunsa mzinda ndi kuteteza ku anawazunza Hotogoytskogo Khanate. Komabe, mu 1620-1630-ntchentche zinthu zasintha. Mu oyravy makamaka m'gulu la Jungar khanate anayamba kusokoneza anthu a Tarski County. Zimenezi ndi kazembe m 1627 anatumiza mithenga kwa likulu ndi pempho kwa stockade m'munsi pakamwa pa Om. Ngakhale aliyense akumvetsa kufunika sitepe imeneyi, zinthu kwa nthawi yaitali kupewedwa kukhazikitsa. Pamene Peter Wamkulu kutsogoleredwa ndi msilikali Ivana Buhgoltsa anali okonzeka ulendo, amene anamanga nyumba yachifumu pa nyanja Yamishevskay. maonekedwe ake kunaoneka Dzhungars ankhanza amene anazinga Russian Fort, ndipo pambuyo maulendowa anamusiya, inawonongeka. Komabe Ivan Buhgolts sanafooke ndi, kupita pakamwa pa Om, anakhazikitsa linga latsopano. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti mwambo umenewu zinachitika 4-5 May 1716 kalembedwe akale, kutanthauza kuti tsiku m'munsi mwa Omsk - pa 16 May. Ngakhale kuti, zaka zambirimbiri Tsiku City chikondwerero pa Lamlungu loyamba la August.

m'ma 18

Chochitika chachikulu cha nthawi iyi anali kumangira mwala m'nyengo zaka 50. Poyamba nyumba iyi amagwiritsidwa lakonzedwa kukhala chitetezo chofunika kwambiri kummawa kwa Russian Ufumu. Chifukwa cha moto pafupipafupi zomwe adanyamuka kuzungulira mzindawo unali ankamangidwanso kangapo, nthawi zambiri mwachisawawa. Mu 1785, lamulo la Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri anali ovomerezedwa ndi odula manja a mzinda wa Omsk, zomwe, ndi ena zosintha ntchito lero.

m'ma 19

Mbiri ya mzinda wa Omsk ku mbali ya kumagwirizana ndi andende ndipo akaidi. Makamaka, pali zinatumizidwa Decembrists N. Basargin, N. Chizhov, V. Steingel ndi ena ambiri.

M'zaka za m'ma 19 Omsk anakhala likulu la woyamba West Siberia wolamulira wamkulu, ndipo patapita - steppe. Mu 1850-1854 gg. kundende akumeneku inali mu ndende kwambiri Russian wolemba F. M. Dostoevsky. Iye anasiya umboni yaulere ya moyo mu mzinda m'nthawi ya mbiri yake, amene angapezeke pa masamba a buku "Nyumba ya Akufa."

Mu 1894-1895 gg. kupyola mu mzinda zapita Transsiberian. chochitika ndi mphamvu kwambiri pa chitukuko cha Omsk. Iye anatembenuka kukhala lalikulu likulu zoyendera kum'mwera kwa Siberia, ndipo kumeneko anayamba ntchito zamalonda ndi mafakitale.

M'ma 20

Kubwera kwa makampani mafakitale ndi lalikulu sitima zofikira zinachititsa kuti pakhale la mabwalo kunachitika. Mu 1905, Omsk nawo misonkhano misa kuthandiza likulu la proletariat lapansi.

Kumapeto kwa 1914 mphamvu mzinda akaidi Chihangare a nkhondo anayamba kumanga Ofesi ya njanji, ndipo madzi Omsk linatsegulidwa miyezi ingapo.

The zochitika chosintha mu Petrograd mofulumira anapeza Echo pakati pa antchito a mzinda. Mwamsanga pamene boma latsopano ndi Red alonda inakhazikitsidwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu ziwembu zingapo kuukira imene misewu ya Omsk anakhala kumenyana maudindo. Imodzi mwa nthawi yovuta kwambiri m'mbiri ya mzindawo unali theka lachiwiri la 1918. Kale pakati chilimwe Omsk anatsala ndi Bolsheviks, ndipo anakakhala otchedwa boma wogwirizira, amene analowa AV Kolchak. Choncho, pa Civil nkhondo, mzindawo unali likulu la White Russia.

Mu nthawi ya Soviet

Mu 1921 panali chochitika, njira yabwino bwanji kukula kwa mzinda, ntchito ku Siberia likulu anatitumiza Novonikolayevsk, yomwe kenako anadzatchedwa ku Novosibirsk. zinthu zinasintha pokhapokha nkhondo. Mu 1947, Omsk anazindikiritsidwa mu ufulu ka boma ndi chuma cha pakati ndi bajeti yake yeniyeni ndipo zimachitika m'gulu la mizinda ya subordination Republican. Phinduza mzinda mu mzinda waukulu mafakitale anathandiza chifukwa chakuti pa WWII kumeneko anasamutsidwa, zimphona zambiri mafakitale mbali Loona za dziko. Chifukwa, ife zochokera kupanga mphira zomera ndi fakitale mafuta. M'kupita kwa nthawi, pang'onopang'ono anawonjezera kuti malire a mzindawo, latsopano msewu Omsk. Herzen Bogdan Khmelnitsky ndi ena, komanso madera monga Oilers m'tawuni.

Mbiri ya mzinda wa Omsk: m'ma 21

Chiyambi cha zaka chikwi zatsopano zinali zodzaza ndi mavuto azachuma amene mizu anali otchedwa mgugu nineties. Komabe, mudzi wa kuthana ambiri a iwo lero zikusonyeza mphamvu zabwino chitukuko m'madera ambiri.

Mu 2002, ovomerezedwa ndi odula yamakono ya manja a mzinda wa Omsk. Monga tanenera kale, izo akufanana Catherine, koma anawonjezera kuti zaka Crest nkhanza mu mawonekedwe a nthambi golide wathundu umene ogwirizana Aleksandrov tepi.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa mbiri ya mzinda wa Omsk. Onetsetsani kukaona ndi kuona zokopa ambiri, lomwe ndi zinthu zimene ali pansi pa chitetezero cha UNESCO.