Maula "Volga Ulemu": malongosoledwe a Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chithunzi, ndemanga

Maula chotchuka kwambiri mu dziko lathu. Wa zokoma, zonunkhira ndi wathanzi zipatso angathe kukonzekera timadziti, sachedwa chifukwa, compotes, osanenapo mmene wabwino ndi watsopano. Lero, ife anayamba zambiri mitundu, amene yodziwika ndi mkulu yozizira hardiness, zipatso, kulawa kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri kutola maula cultivar chifukwa chodzala pa malo, alimi akuganiza atsopano zikuchitika obereketsa, kuiwala za amene anachotsa zaka zapitazo. Koma bwino kutsimikiziridwa ndi nthawi anayesedwa. Lero tikufuna kukumbutsa ulemerero mitundu zoweta nthuza "Volga Ulemu". Iye wakhala ukupitirira kwa zaka pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi atatu a wamaluwa osangalala lalikulu ndi zokolola khola la zipatso zake zokoma. Kodi zabwino ngalande "Volga Ulemu"? Kufotokozera, zithunzi ndi ndemanga wamaluwa, ife azipereka kwa inu m'nkhani ino.

Mbiri ya sukulu

Mu Russia maula anayamba kukula mu ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich. Ndi dongosolo lake ku dziko anabweretsa mbande yoyamba. Zikomo kuti ntchito yaikulu ya obereketsa, khamu la maula mitundu chidwi kwambiri, ndipo ambiri mwa kukhala okondedwa otchuka.

Maula "Volga Ulemu" anali linachokera pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi atatu zapitazo (1939). Mlembi wa zosiyanasiyana wakhala wotchuka Russian wasayansi-breeder E. P. Finaev. Pa experimental munda zomera Samara ankachititsa kuyesera, akuwoloka mitundu otchuka pa nthawi "rareripe oyambirira" ndi "greengage Beauvais." Zotsatira za kuyesera kuposa zoyembezereka za sayansi ndi - kuda zatsopano odzipereka makhalidwe abwino a zomera kholo: earliness, zokolola, mkulu chisanu kukana ndi zabwino kukoma khalidwe la zipatso.

Mu 1955, a kumaliseche a "Volga Ulemu" wayesedwa. Mu 1965 anauphatikiza mu State Register ya NYEMBA.

Maula "Volga Ulemu": malongosoledwe a Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zithunzi

Malongosoledwe a mitundu tsopano m'gulu Mabaibulo onse a maluwa ndi primers agronomists. Iwo samoplodnye (zofuna palibe ankafika pafupi ndi mitundu ina ya mungu) oyambirira zosiyanasiyana, amene amapereka ndizochuluka zipatso cha gulu la mchere. zonse za izo, komanso chithunzi - kenako mu ndemanga pa.

nkhuni

Izi ndi zomera mwachilungamo lalikulu, seveni mamita mkulu. Pachifukwa ichi, kuda "Volga Ulemu" (chithunzi mungathe onani pansipa) imayenereza pachaka zoyambirira kudulira, popanda zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kusamalira mtengo. Kupanga korona pa nizkoyarusnoy kapena dongosolo bezyarusnoy. Kudulira osati mosavuta kukolola, komanso ndi zotsatira zabwino za khalidwe zipatso ndi zokolola.

Maula "Volga Ulemu" ikukula mofulumira kwambiri, chimene chinapanga ozungulira zazikulu korona wa kachulukidwe sing'anga. Nthambi ndi nthambi okutidwa ndi khungwa imvi bulauni mtundu.

masamba

Large mwachilungamo lonse, dzira woboola pakati, utoto kuwala mtundu wobiriwira. Pa akunja mbali m'mphepete mwa pepala lathuli notches. Leaf tsamba matte ndi pang'ono makwinya, mosabisa, ndi kusintha mofulumira kumatanthauza mu spout lapansi. Petiole sing'anga m'litali, inki, wandiweyani. Stipules ndi ofooka kung'ambika sing'anga kukula. Inflorescence trehtsvetkovye. maluwa lalikulu, utoto mtundu woyera kapena pinkish.

zipatso

Maula zipatso "Volga Ulemu" (wamaluwa ndemanga akutitsimikizira izi) lalikulu: kuchokera magalamu 34 mpaka 50. Iwo ndi chowulungika-ozungulira mawonekedwe, pang'ono mwapang'ono maziko a. Peak - ndi recessed pang'ono, anamaliza. M'munsi ali indentation pang'ono. Zipatso amasiyana olimba, khungu, red-violet mtundu. Khungu ndi yosalala, ndi makulidwe pafupifupi. Maula "Volga Ulemu" ali pang'ono mfundo subcutaneous amene utoto woyera ndi bwino anawona padziko. Typhoid msoko zodziwika, kuya sing'anga.

Peduncle wandiweyani, bwino wosiyana nthambi. Bone pafupifupi kukula, ndi chowulungika mu mawonekedwe, m'munsi ndi nsonga zinkalosera, mosavuta wosiyana zamkati. zamkati ndi akuda mtundu wachikasu-lalanje, ali ndi kapangidwe fibrous, yowutsa mudyo, wosakhwima. Kukoma chipatso - mchere, wokoma ndi wowawasa. Zipatso muli:

• 22% zolimba;
• 10,35% shuga;
• mg wa 11,78 pa 100 ga ascorbic asidi;
• 1,95% zidulo ena.

Zipatso zipse mu nyengo ya ku chakhumi 25 August. Mu fruiting mitengo kubwera m'chaka chachinayi, kotero kuda "Volga Kukongola" amatanthauza maonekedwe oyambirira a mitundu zipatso. Zokolola ndi mkulu ndi khola: zaka zisanu ndi zitatu mtengo umabala mpaka makilogalamu khumi a zipatso, zaka khumi - 25 makilogalamu mbewu.

chisanu

"Volzhskaya Ulemu" - maula, ndi Kuwulura taonera pamwambapa bwino ndithu analekerera ndi frosts ndi chilimwe chilala. Zochokera zinachitikira kukula zosiyanasiyana izi mu zigawo zosiyana akhoza kutsutsa kuti lokha pa frosts kwambiri mtengo kungakhale pang'ono vymerznut masamba zipatso, ndi mtengo akuvutika kochepa. Pa chilala yaitali, mbewu umapulumuka popanda ulimi wothirira zina.

ankafika Features

Zokolola maula "Volga kukongola" kumadalira kusankha mbande ndi makhalidwe, choncho nyakulima ayenera kudziwa zofunika kalasi kwa zikuchokera nthaka ndi malo. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe a obereketsa, "Volga Ulemu" wakonda loamy kuwala dothi. Iwo m'pofunika kupewa malo shaded - mbewu akusowa kwambiri kwa dzuwa, kotero malo abwino kalasi adzakhala phiri laling'ono.

Mwa chodzala ndi Mitengo ochepa, kusunga mtunda wa pakati pa mitengo, anapatsidwa m'malo chidwi kukula kwa mtengo wamkulu. Popeza ili ndi lakuya m'malo lalikulu, mabowo adzaikidwe pa mtunda osachepera mamita anayi. Ndi kubzala masika dzenje anakumba kwa masabata 2 pamaso kubzala. kukula umadalira pa chonde nthaka - dothi osauka kwambiri, dzenje.

Pa loam okwanira 70-80 masentimita awiri ndi masentimita 50 kuya. Kwa kudzaza, osakaniza zikuchokera zotsatirazi:

• 2 ndowa ya nthaka m'munda;
• kompositi nkhokwe;
• chidebe cha mchenga mtsinje (lalikulu);
• 100 ga phulusa nkhuni.

Pakuti dothi zatha kusakaniza ayenera anawonjezera fetereza (100 g) ndi mchere potaziyamu (50 g). zosakaniza zonse bwino wosanganiza ndi anatsanulira kudzenje.

Kusankha mbewu

Kutengera pa malongosoledwe a maula "Volga kukongola" magwero osiyanasiyana, tikhoza amalangiza alimi kupeza kubzala zakuthupi mu nurseries m'dera - ichi adzakupulumutsa zosiyanasiyana kusamvetsetsana ndi mtundu, ndi zomera anagula m'dera lanu kuti ndinazolowera nyengo m'deralo.

Kubzala kusankha zaka ziwiri mbande. mizu sayenera wamfupi kusiyana 10 cm, ndipo ayenera kukhala wathanzi, popanda kuwononga. Samalani mbiya: mtengo bwino, ndi mosabisa, yokutidwa ndi khungwa yosalala. Ngati mmera ku nazale adzakhala kukumba pamene inu kukulunga mizu pomwepo ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza ndi chivundikiro pamwamba ndi thumba pulasitiki kupewa kuyanika kwambiri.

Ngati anagula mmera mu kugwa, ndipo adzakhala anabzala m'chaka - m'pofunika prikopat. Mu kutetezedwa ku drafts ndi mphepo ngwanjula yaing'ono malo ngalande kuti kuyambira kumadzulo kum'mawa, ndi mmera anagona obliquely. Kuya kwa ngalande - pafupi theka la mita.

kubzala

Pakati pa okonzeka dzenje nyundo mitengo msomali zingwe. Mozungulira icho kupanga mulu ka michere nthaka, ndiye kuti anakonzeratu. Anatipatsa mmera mdzenje kuti msomali anali kumbali yakum'mwera ndi kuwongoka mizu bwino. M'pofunika molondola kudziwa kuya kwa mutabzala ndi kuthirira wotsatira kolala muzu anaukitsidwa pamwamba pansi ndi masentimita asanu.

Padziko mitengo unyamata, kulenga dziko lapansi wodzigudubuza utali wozungulira osapitirira theka. Zochuluka madzi chomera (osati zitini osachepera atatu a madzi). Zamulchiruyte mtengo makungwa, ntchito anawola utuchi, udzu clippings, peat.

Care maula

M'madera ambiri, ndi lero ndi Anthu ambiri maula "Volga Ulemu". Kufotokozera, photos, nkhani mabuku osiyanasiyana, amasonyeza kuti ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, molemera wobala zipatso zomera. Komabe, ena wamaluwa kudandaula chakuti chaka chilichonse mtengo wawo kumasangalatsa yokolola. Zachitikiranji zimenezi? Ambiri mwina chifukwa sanali kugwilizana ndi malamulo a sayansi ulimi, umene kwenikweni ndi yosavuta. Ife angakuuzeni za iwo, kotero kuti inu mukhoza kukula kwa mbewu wamphamvu, wathanzi mtengo ndipo pachaka umakhoza zokolola khola.

zofunikira amasamalidwa maula ndi miyambo ndithu - feteleza, kutsirira, pogona kwa dzinja, kudulira, tizilombo ndi matenda.

kudulira

Ndi mapangidwe korona ndi kale zofunika chitani chaka chachiwiri. Monga ulamuliro, kudulira ikuchitika m'chaka. M'chaka chachiwiri m'pofunika kufupikitsa kutalika kwa thunthu za wina mita. Kenako, njira korona longline. M'munsi kapena poyamba gawo tichipeza nthambi zitatu. Iwo lili pa msinkhu wa masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi padziko nthaka. Pakuti gawo lachiwiri amafuna nthambi awiri - mpaka masentimita makumi asanu m'munsi. The gawo lachitatu lili masentimita makumi asanu pamwamba pa wina wakale ndipo tichipeza nthambi limodzi.

Kuthawa, yomwe ili pamwamba pa iyo, Kadulidwa masika lotsatira. Anasintha mapangidwe umalimbana zowononga mphukira regrown ndi kuchotsa nthambi kwambiri wandiweyani. Kuwonjezera kupanga, matabwa chofunika kudulira ukhondo. Amakhulupirira mu kugwa. Panthawi imeneyi, kuchotsa zizindikiro zowonongeka kapena sonyezani mwa matenda mphukira.

Kaya kudulira zingamuthandize wamkulu maula "Volga Ulemu"? Reviews a wamaluwa odziwa amati nkhani zimenezi ndondomeko ali ndi mphamvu zotsatira rejuvenating. Iwo ikuchitika m'chaka, kuchotsa nthambi zonse kukula mkati korona, mtanda kapena thicken izo.

Pali njira ina kupanga choyambirira korona maula "Volga Ulemu". Pofotokoza zosiyanasiyana za m'mabuku ambiri kawirikawiri izo, koma kuliganizira. Tikuyankhula zokhudza mapangidwe chitsamba maula. Nthawi zina mtengo amasankha mawonekedwe - nthawi zambiri zikadzatha mphukira waukulu zinadulidwa kapena vymerz yozizira. Mu anasiya kapena kufupikitsa yokulirapo ya wochititsa, pa pansi pali kuchuluka kwa nthambi, zomwe ndi chitsamba.

Izi mawonekedwe a mbewu wokongola zifukwa zingapo - n'kwabwino kulekerera yozizira, si atengeke dzuwa, ndi zosavuta kusamalira, ndi zokolola si yafupika.

kuthirira

Maula amakonda chinyezi, kotero kuti apeze zokoma muyenera madzi nthawi zonse. Koma onse ayenera kukhala muyeso: owonjezera zingachititse akulimbana chipatso. Mu youma yotentha maula ayenera madzi kamodzi pa sabata padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa kolona. Mmodzi wamkulu mtengo m'pofunika zidebe zisanu ndi ziwiri za madzi.

Nkofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka si adzauma pa maluwa, zipatso yakucha ndi zingwe. Kuchepetsa kuthirira kuthandiza kuphimbira, osati kokha kwa kusunga chinyezi, komanso kusintha kapangidwe nthaka.

kudya

Ngati kubzala "Volga Ulemu", inu anawonjezera mchere ndi feteleza organic, si koyenera kudyetsa mtengo mu zaka ziwiri zoyambirira. Ndiye manyowa zomera katatu nyengo - kumayambiriro May Sungunulani spoons awiri (supuni) wa urea malita khumi madzi. Kumayambiriro June - kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo nitrophosphate wa spoons awiri (supuni) malita khumi madzi. Kudya lachitatu ikuchitika m'ma August. Nthawi imeneyi, ntchito superphosphate: spoons awiri (mafoloko ndi mipeni), ndowa. Sapling sitimadzipereka feteleza wambirimbiri zokwanira kukula izo kumawonjezera kuti zidebe atatu.

Feteleza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa lakuya pambuyo kuthirira waukulu kusunga mizu ku kuotcha. Kuwonjezera zowonjezera mchere, ndi wolakalakika wakupatsa chaka pansi lakuya chawola manyowa kapena kompositi (2-3 zidebe). Zikuthandizani kwambiri pa zipatso ndi zipatso khalidwe la laimu kapena choko kupanga kufwanyulira (makapu chimodzi kapena ziwiri). Komabe, njirayi palibe chovomerezeka kuposa kamodzi mu zaka zitatu,

Musanapite feteleza organic, nthaka ayenera kukhala mu makungwa a mitengo bwino namsongole. Pambuyo Kupalira udzu, simungathe ayeretse - ndipo adzakhala kuphimbira kuteteza nthaka ku atayanika kunja.

mitundu maula "Volga Ulemu": ndemanga wamaluwa

Onse amene kukula mitundu ya maula pa malo, ndi kukolola mwachilungamo lalikulu lalikulu zipatso wokongola ndi kukoma kwambiri a mchere. Anthu a m'chigawo cha kumpoto ali yozizira ake mkulu hardiness ndi maonekedwe oyambirira. Wina mwayi wakuti wa kalasi angatchedwe ndi kukana mkulu matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. zosiyanasiyana Izi pafupifupi kosamugonjera botrytis ndi GUMMOSIS. The kuipa monga: kutalika kwa mtengo - kukolola wovuta. Komanso, amatchuka kuti zipatso osokoneza mu zaka yonyowa kwambiri.