Matenda njira kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu kuti GEF mu sukulu

Mapangidwe munthu wa sukulu Russian - m'zigawozigawo ndi ndondomeko zovuta. Tsiku lililonse mwana yekha watulukira mu m'badwo uwu wa zochitika latsopano, anakumana ndi kuzungulira dziko, iye amaphunzira zinthu mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe. Chilakolako cha chidziwitso wautumiki pazipita, anadutsa iye zinthu zonse chikuchitika iwo. Mwana wokonzeka chitukuko zonse, choncho n'kofunika kuti amuyandikire pa nthawi iyi anali Mlangizi wamkulu. Namkungwi ana - waukulu chitsanzo, gwero la zinthu zatsopano mulandu ndi mnzake.

GEF maphunziro sukulu

Mu 2009, Unduna wa Maphunziro ndi Science la Chitaganya cha Russia, mfundo yatsopano feduro mapulogalamu lalikulu kuyamba maphunziro oyambirira mwana. Tanthauzo muli ndi wokhutira ndi njira yodziwira kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu.

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa mapangidwe chikhalidwe wamba chitukuko cha makhalidwe, kukula ozindikira ndipo thupi. Matendawa amapangidwa kuti aone kusunga ndi kulimbitsa thanzi, kuwongolera zofooka mu chitukuko maganizo a ophunzira m'tsogolo. Kuwunika amachitika kindergartens, Cholinga chake ndi kusanthula khalidwe la maphunziro sukulu, kufunafuna njira zatsopano ndi njira ya ntchito sukulu.

Model polojekiti kulamulira

Amaganiza ya makhalidwe ndi katundu ndi ntchito amene ali chisanadze sukulu maphunziro kungakupatseni ndi chitukuko mwatsatanetsatane za mwana mpaka mlingo logwirizana ndi peculiarities m'badwo. Kusakanikirana kafukufuku zikuluzikulu ndi ntchito, njira yapadera matenda kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu GEF amathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa mwana aliyense. Zamaganizo amakhulupirira kuti panthawi imeneyi chitukuko kukwaniritsa sitingakhale ndi Uwerenge nzeru, luso maluso amene anapatsa mwana m'kalasi, ndipo anapanga ya makhalidwe abwino ndi ozindikira.

Matendawa "Dulani chithunzi"

Matenda njira ya masewera ntchito ya ana sukulu akuuzidwa kuti achite psychodiagnostics zithunzi ndi ana ogwira maganizo zaka 4-5. Chofunika ndi bwino ndipo mu nthawi yaifupi kuti podula akalumikidzidwa kukopedwa pa pepala. Mu asanu mabwalo zofanana akamachita mosiyanasiyana zojambula. Child pa kuyezetsa sakhala chithunzi mokwanira, ndi mabwalo payekha. experimenter poyamba kusema pepala mabwalo asanu, ndiyeno nkutembenuka amapereka mwana zidutswa lumo ntchito. Pofuna kuti aone zotsatira za matenda otere n'komwe yolondola ntchito anachita, nthawi ntchito pa ntchitoyo.

Mfundo 10 afika mwana kupirira ntchito mu maminiti 3. Chiwerengerochi ayenera bwino anatchinga chitsanzo kuzungulira. The mlingo wa mfundo (0-1), ngati kamwana analibe mphindi 7 mongoyesa kuti tithane ndi ntchito, kuwonjezera pa choyambirira ndipo unadulidwa mawonekedwe, pali kusiyana kwambiri.

Methodology "..Akumbukira ndi kuyika mfundo"

Analenga njira yapadera matenda mu sukulu chifukwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu kuti akuthandizeni kudziwa kuchuluka chidwi. Pa pepala mfundo ntchito, ndiye kudula akusowekapo mu eyiti mabwalo ofanana, apangidwe awo moti sequentially chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha mfundo pa chipepalacho. Wodwala (kapena zamaganizo) chimasonyeza khadi mwana ndi madontho utoto masekondi 1-2. Kenako mwanayo maselo kanthu chiwerengero cha masewero anawona mfundo pansipa. Pakati pa makadi mapulogalamu wophunzitsa amapereka ana masekondi 15 kuonetsetsa kuti iye akanakhoza ndikukumbukira ndinawona kujambula, kuti mugwire ntchito inayake. Matenda njira kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu mtundu kutanthauza mfundo khumi lonse. Ngati mwapatsidwa kuchuluka kwa nthawi mwanayo amadwala mfundo 6 kapena kuposa, iye amapeza mfundo 10. Pamene kubwezeretsa pamtima mfundo 1-3 mwana salandira kuposa mfundo 3, amasonyeza osakwanira anapanga zinthu, amalephera kumvetsera.

Matendawa "kuloŵeza mawu khumi"

Matenda njira ya chitukuko maganizo a ana sukulu umalimbana kuphunzira njira zina kukumbukira, kusamala, kasungidwe, kusewera. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito aligorivimu ofanana amati udindo chikumbukiro sanayambebe kupita kusukulu, kudziwa tcheru kufuna kwawo. Mlangizi adzaitana mawu khumi, mwana akumvetsera, amayesetsa kubereka iwo kuti aliyense. maluso ameneŵa matenda kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu zikusonyeza kuwerenga 3-4, kenako kubwereza mawu a sukulu ya mkaka mwana. Kuyesa analibwerezanso ola, ndiye awiri, kutseka mu wapadera kulembetsa chiwerengero cha mawu a mwana. Mwachitsanzo, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mawu a nkhalango, mphaka, kugona mtengo chitsa, tsiku, m'mawa, usiku, m'bale, mlongo, bowa.

Asayansi akusonyeza kuti ana athanzi ndi chitukuko mkulu aluntha pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha mawu olondola, ndipo ana ndi matenda a chikumbumtima ndi kukumbukira pa nthawi, kuiwala mawu. maluso ameneŵa matenda kwa sanayambebe kupita kusukulu kumafuna graphing, zimene anatsimikiza ndi mlingo wa chitukuko cha ana sukulu.

Pomaliza

Mothandizidwa ndi polojekiti ikuchitika ku sukulu ya mkaka, aphunzitsi ndi zamaganizo akatswiri kudziwa mlingo wa chibvomerezo cha ana zimaphunzitsidwa ku bungwe maphunziro. Mu ndondomeko akatswiri kafukufuku kusonkhanitsa mfundo kuchifotokoza icho, tinkapeza tanthauzo lake. Choyamba, atolele mfundo zofunika, ndiye unachitikira ziyenera ake, kusanthula mfundo. Cholinga cha polojekiti ndiyo kudziwa mlingo wa chibvomerezo cha ophunzirawo tsogolo kusintha kwa mlingo watsopano - moyo wathunthu sukulu. Malinga ndi zimene zotsatira komaliza analandira pambuyo deta processing, kutanthauzira, anamaliza kupezeka (unavailability) amene anamaliza mabungwe chisanadze sukulu mu gawo lina lotsatira chitukuko. A mbadwo watsopano wa GEF, anakonzedwa kuti anthu zamkaka, kupereka malangizo omveka bwino ndi zofunika mlingo yokonza omaliza kindergartens, komanso kwa peculiarities m'maganizo, thupi, chitukuko maganizo.