Mafuta International ndi Russian

Ndi palibe chinsinsi chimene chirichonse mu dziko lino ali mapeto ake ndi zomveka. Mchere nawonso si sizidzatha mankhwala, choncho tsiku lina anthu adzakhala ndi kuyiwala za tsopano bwino kuti ife mafuta, malasha. Nkhaniyi angakuuzeni zambiri za zitsime zamafuta dziko.

Pakali pano, zitsime zamafuta la dziko lapansi (unexplored) mu dongosolo la matani biliyoni 265, amene 73% anabwera kuchokera m'mayiko OPEC (State-mafuta Waogula Zinthu Kunja). Unali chuma mafuta yokulirapo ndithu ndi kuwonjezeka, wolemera matani 30 biliyoni. Kuchokera pamwamba inu mukhoza kupanga mapeto M'pake kuti madalaivala ndi eni osiyana sayenera nkhawa chakuti magalimoto awo posachedwapa woyenera zidutswa, ndi malonda a makampani mafuta Sindizakubweretsanso phindu, chifukwa Akatswiri akuganiza kokha kuwonedwa zitsime zamafuta zitikwanira kwa nthawi yaitali zaka 55. Nkhokwe pazipita mafuta tsopano mu zigawo izi: mayiko Middle East (48.1%), America (32.9%) ndi Africa (8%). Pa gawo otsala pripadaet 11%. Ngati tasankha ndi nkhokwe ya maiko, mtsogoleri pano ndi Venezuela (17.9%). Otsatira Saudi Arabia (16.1%), Canada (10.6%), Iran (9.1%) ndi Iraq (8.7%).

Posachedwapa, mafuta funso (kapena kani, maganizo ake) kumabweretsa mavuto, lofunika kwambiri pakati pawo - ndi zachilengedwe ndi andale. Ngati chirichonse chiri bwino ndi chilengedwe (kuipitsidwa zoipa mpweya m'mlengalenga ndi hydrosphere a Dziko Lapansi), ndiponso zandale nawonso si njira yabwino. Mu May 2012, mmodzi wa waukulu neftekorporatsy dziko Repsol ali mlanduwu mlandu ndi boma la Argentina zochita oletsedwa pa mbali ya yamasika, udzafunidwa $ biliyoni 10. Wachiwiri zikuluzikulu kusuntha zandale chinali chakuti m'mayiko EU ku pogula mafuta aku Iran (chifukwa ntchito kuwonjezeka kwa Iran, n'zothandiza mikangano ). Komanso kukula bwino pakati China ndi Japan pa Senkaku Islands mafuta ndi gasi. Zonse mwa zochitika pamwamba kungasokoneze pa dziko msika, chifukwa cha mitengo imene imakwera chifukwa mafuta, dizilo ndi zina zotero. Koma pali nkhani yabwino. Monga tanenera m'mayiko Middle East boma ngati sizichitika mavuto zosayembekezereka, mitengo energotovary m'chaka panopa Mwina yafupika.

Panopa nkhokwe mafuta mu Russia amalola boma kulowa mayiko pamwamba lili pa nambala. Lero, boma osati declassify buku okwana madipoziti mchere, ndi chakuti tikudziwa dziko, ndi matani biliyoni 10. Komabe, pulezidenti wa ku Russia, Vladimir Putin, yolembedwa lamulo pa 100 protsetnom awo declassification, pambuyo, malinga ndi zimene akatswiri ena, Russia adzatha kulowa pamwamba atatu.

Pakali pano, zitsime zamafuta anawagawa mitundu 2: trudnodobyvaemye ndi legkodobyvaemye. Choncho, mu Russia kwa nkhani yomaliza% 30 zokha, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti iwo anathamangira kunja posachedwa. Kuchotsa mafuta trudnodobyvaemoy kufunika umisiri wotsogola, zimene zikuphatikizapo ndalama lalikulu. Chinthu ichi tsopano kufooka makampani mafuta kuchititsa chitukuko cha madipoziti amenewa. Kumbukirani kuti tsopano dziko lonse makampani ndiwo "Rossneft", "Lukoil" ndi "TNK-BP".