Mafupa puncture ndi punctures ena mankhwala zolinga ndi matenda

Otchedwa puncture puncture thupi. Iwo akupereka ndondomeko mu zolinga kapena yochizira matenda.

Mafupa puncture

Odwala anapanga kafukufuku, othandizira ndalama - kuti apeze wathanzi zinthu zamoyo. Puncture poyera fupa monga iliac ndi, tibial epiphysis, chidendene sternum. Akuluakulu, kuphunzira zambiri kutengela iliac Crest ndi sternum. Mafupa puncture zikhoza kupangidwa ngakhale mu njira spinous wa lumbar vertebrae. Chifukwa cha makulidwe wamng'ono ndi osalimba wa sternum ana, puncture wake m'dera limeneli ndi choopsa kwambiri. Ana (kuphatikizapo oyambirira) za mafupa puncture ayenera idzachitika makamaka tibia (chapamwamba gawo limodzi).

Ndondomeko mwachita ndi mankhwala, aseptic chipinda cha opareshoni. mafupa puncture anapanga malo wodwalayo supine. Kudzera singano dzenje ndi obayidwa sternum pa mlingo wa nthiti lachitatu. A singano wapadera puncture ndi pakamwapo yatenganso pagalimoto pofuna kuletsa akuya puncture.

Mu phunziro maso anagwira papezeka kuipitsa mbiri anatengedwa zakuthupi. Zimenezi zimathandiza kudziwa kukhalapo kwa maselo nthenda , ndi zinthu zina. Pamaso zosafunika mu magazi punctate, magazi anali kuchotsedwa ntchito fyuluta pepala kapena aspirated ndi pipette ndi. Kufunika umatheka chakuti kwambiri zonyansa magazi zotumphukira zakuthupi salola kuti kupyorera pakudziwa zoona za zikuchokera m'mafupa. Ngati zinthu zamoyo analandira ndi madzi kwambiri, ntchito leucoconcentration njira. Kamodzi wosiyana maselo plasma kupanga smears matope a.

Puncture (biopsy) mafupa amachitidwa pofuna kutsimikizira matenda a metastases, kudziwa zimayambitsa thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, magazi m'thupi. njirayi imatheketsanso kuwunika mphamvu ya mankhwala ntchito ndi matenda magazi.

yosowa kwambiri yochizira matenda, mavuto ndi matenda puncture. Childs, iwo akhoza zogwirizana ndi matenda M'mimbamo medullary. Pa puncture sternal palibe mpata kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaikulu magazi. Only mu mwambo lalikulu sanali kugwilizana ndi luso kafukufuku zotheka chisokonezo mu ziwalo za kukhulupirika.

msana kachizindikiro

Kuchotsa mowa ndi kufufuza wotsatira kapena kulowetsedwa mankhwala kapena radiopaque ntchito njirayi.

Pa ndondomeko, singano ndi anaikapo mu malo subarachnoid. Puncture akhoza kuchitika pa milingo yosiyanasiyana ya msana. Nthawi zambiri puncture ndi imagwiridwa mu dera lumbar, mu nthawi zina, m'chigawo thoracic, m'dera la dzenje lalikulu.

Lumbar (otsika kumbuyo) puncture amapereka lofunika kwambiri matenda zambiri. Kachasu tinasonkhanitsa pa ndondomeko, zikhoza akupanga purulent wamagazi kapena zinyalala. Izi zikusonyeza oumitsa khosi kapena subarachnoid kukha magazi. Cerebrospinal madzimadzi akhoza mandala. Kudzera (wopindidwa galasi chubu pa ngodya ndi kupezeka mwambo womaliza maphunziro centimeter) manometer anatsimikiza umene kukakamiza chakumwa utuluke kuchokera singano: kukwezeka, labwinobwino kapena yafupika.

Brain hematoma pa puncture

Monga mmene kumapeto, lero, poyerekezera zaka zam'mbuyo, njirayi ali pang'ono kuwerenga. Makamaka kwambiri yafupika kufunika puncture kuti kuzindikira intracerebral hematoma (pakalibe CT). Akatswiri ena, simuyenera kunyamula puncture zolinga izi chifukwa chakuti ndondomeko kumathandiza kuti vutoli kuwonongeka, pamene zambiri osati wapezeka haematomas.