Mabungwe a padziko lonse zachuma - zabwino kapena chodabwitsa zoipa Masiku ano?

The mzaka zana makumi awiri anawona osati lolimbikitsa sayansi ndi luso patsogolo. mogwirizana Global ndi kugawikana okwana dziko zinachititsa kuti zikamera ndi kukula kwa zochitika monga mabungwe mayiko a zachuma, amene mtengo amaona ngati anthu wamba osokoneza ndi akatswiri omwe.

Akamanena za chodabwitsa ndi

Mabungwe ena akunja chuma tinabadwa masiku ano njira yamphamvu kusonkhezera dziko. Ndipo si kwambiri ndipo osati otchedwa "osauka", koma anayamba dziko. Kumvetsa mmene kugwiritsa ntchito chotsatira muyenera kugwila zomwenso awo.

Kotero, chinthu choyamba ndi kunena mudziko la mabungwe awa - n'chakuti gulu zonse mu mgwirizano wa mayiko. Zimenezi amaperekedwa ndi chakuti mapangidwe awo a boma, agwirizana nawo, kusamutsa gawo chikugwirizana ndi dera chuma chitetezo chokwanira wa bungwe kumene analenga. Ndipo, chotero, padziko lonse zachuma komanso mabungwe ndi ufulu kulibe mabungwe monga palokha kuti apititse patsogolo mkati mwa chimango choperekedwa ndi zikalata constituent (misonkhano, zachitikadi kapena hayala) zolinga.

Komabe, pa dzanja ena, mabungwe awa wokakamiza ena delictual, izo zikutanthauza kuti iwo kutenga udindo pa zochita zawo, mosalingalira kuwonongeka.

Monga ulamuliro, lonse osiyanasiyana mphamvu ndi ntchito anatumizidwa ntchito yaikulu ya malamulo adziko lonse lapansi - States - zosonyeza wapadera wa chilengedwe cha bungwe. Komanso, pali mwachindunji zinthu zomwe mwina zikuphatikizapo chiyani ndi dismantling a mabungwe amenewa.

Mitundu ndi kuwunika tanthauzo

Akatswiri kutsindika kuti mayiko mabungwe ndi zachuma lero amasiyana makamaka dera pamudzipo. Choncho, kuonetsetsa chonse ndiponso apadera.

Ngale ya gulu loyamba la mabungwe amenewa amaona kuti kukhala Organization Trade World, ndi WTO. Chibwenzi, amaona okha otchuka mu dera zachuma. Ndipotu, ndi WTO kuzichita malamulo a "masewero" m'munda wa nzeru katundu, ntchito malonda, osati kuti asonyeze mphamvu zawo.

The chachiwiri chilengedwe gulu amachita monga Bungwe la UN Economic ndi Social (amatchedwanso Council Economic ndi Social wa United Nations). ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kulangiza dziko pankhani zachuma. Dziwani kuti, mosiyana ndi WTO, kumaphatikizapo dongosolo zonse zoyambirira zachuma, chifukwa Uphungu zachitika zochokera kusanthula deta dziko pokha.

Bungwe kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development (OECD ndi), ngati wina m'mbuyomu, ndi mwangwiro kafukufuku ndi sayansi. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake ndi kupereka uthenga omangira msika chuma. Ndipo Choncho, sankaona zinthu zake, mayiko onse ndi chuma zonse zazikulu.

Kuwonjezera chifaniziro cha chachikulu, palinso lapadera pa kuthetsa mafunso cholinga yopapatiza, monga WIPO ndi OPEC. Ngakhale narrowness wa chinthu ntchito, mabungwe mayiko ndalama mwachangu kulimbikitsa mfundo mitengo m'dziko limene likugwira ntchito makamaka kwa OPEC.

Akatswiri payokha kuonetsetsa mabungwe azachuma padziko lonse, chachikulu pakati ndiwo IMF ndi Bank World.

Bank mayiko (MB) - wapadera ndalama bungwe kuti oyang'anira ndi nthawi kayendedwe ka zachuma ndi mmene anthu pa kakhalidwe ka moyo wa anthu. Amakhala ndi nyumba zikuluzikulu zisanu, mitundu ya ntchito yaikulu imene akuti ndi ngongole ndi kuyan'anila vuto ndalama m'mayiko - mamembala awo.

IMF - dongosolo apadera, mfundo zikuluzikulu zomwe ndi ntchito za 'ngongole kuwombola anthu kusintha. " N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kowonekera kwambiri mu gawo ndalama basi IMF, makamaka m'mayiko osauka.

Monga mmene taonera, mabungwe mayiko chuma masiku ano ali ndi chida champhamvu zimakhudza chitukuko cha dera zachuma. Makamaka, mphatso imeneyi imagwira ntchito kwa WTO ndi IMF, amene udindo akhala kusanduka kuchokera upo kuonetsetsa zida zofunikira chitukuko.