Gulu Economic Cooperation ndi Development mayiko. OECD ndi zochitika zawo

Bungwe kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse angapo a m'mayiko olemera kuti m'maulendo wamba European mfundo pansi pa mothandizidwa kumayambiriro otchedwa Plan Marshall. Taganizirani akulongosola dongosolo amafotokoza ntchito.

dongosolo Marshall

Kotero, anali atayamba mpaka kumbuyo 1948 mu chimango cha dongosolo anauyamba chaka chapitacho Mlembi US wa State George Marshall. Monga amadziwika chifukwa cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World wakhala mavuto aakulu azachuma ku Ulaya. Ndipo ngati Soviet Union kupirira paokha, kuti tithe yachitsulo nkhonya ya wolamulira wa, Europe unaphwasukiratu ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo anali zosamveka ndithu dongosolo.

Mokulira mbiri ya Iron Katani umayamba pano. Bungwe la International kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development pathupi mu United States monga limathetseratu vuto lina lililonse chifukwa mavuto a positi-nkhondo, anagwa pa Europe. Mu 1948 ku Paris kunali msonkhano wa oimira mayiko 16 Western European. Choona chidwi n'chakuti atsogoleri ake anaitanidwa ku mayiko a kum'mawa kwa Ulaya. Komabe, boma la Soviet ankaona izi monga kuopseza zofuna zawo sanawalole kumisonkhano.

chitsulo nsaru

Mamembala loyamba la Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development - ndi, ndithudi, United States ndi mayiko ena kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, kumene ndi thandizo la ndalama kuchokera ku mbali American malinga ndi ndondomeko ya Marshall anapereka. Amenewa anaphatikizapo United Kingdom, France, Italy, Germany West ndi Netherlands. mayiko awa kwambiri infusions ndalama, ndi dongosolo la kucheperachepera kuchuluka kwa ndalama padera US mu iwo. Komabe, waukulu njira otaya ndalama America kuika Kupha malamulo chipani m'mayikowa zizolowezi zilizonse chikominisi. Choncho, United States anayamba kukhala ndi mzimu ndi kutiumba ulamuliro wa Ulaya. Ndipotu ina yofunika ndi kulimbitsa ndale m'mayiko kukumana kwa bloc kotsutsana Soviet Union ndi maiko tiri chifukwa cha magawano unawonongedwa mchikakamizo cha mtsogolo.

Kumatipindulitsa

Mwachibadwa, Bungwe kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development (OECD) ndi mwachindunji wochita kuvala zinthu US, chifukwa mu njira iyi amatha mwanzeru aganyali kuchuluka yaikulu ndalama osati - madola oposa mabiliyoni khumi, komanso kopindulitsa kugulitsa katundu ulimi, N'kofunika koyenera kuti dziko, ndi bwinja, makamaka mawu a zakudya. Pa zofunikira za mayiko gulu la mgwirizano kupereka njira yopanga anatumiza uphungu, monga mu zaka za nkhondo United States anali Ngokhoza kulenga buku lalikulu la zokolola zochuluka. Motero, thandizo zimenezi zachititsa kudalira aakulu ndi Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development wa United States.

Chitukuko ndi zikuchokera kwa OECD

Mu 60s gulu chikuwonjezeka ndi chikukulirakulirabe lero. Bungwe kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development ali panopa mamembala 34. Liku- lu ku Paris, ndipo bungwe lolamulira ndi gulu la akuluakulu a maiko nawo. zochita onse mgwirizano ndi anthu ake, ndi chitukuko cha zochita opangidwa pa maziko a kugwirizana. Lembani mayiko a Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development. Kuwonjezera pa mamembala ndaitchula cha 2015 kuphatikizapo: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Greece, Denmark, Israel, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Canada, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey Finland, Czech Republic, Chile, Switzerland, Sweden, Estonia, Korea South ndi Japan.

ntchito

Ntchito yaikulu ya Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development ndi mwandondomeko ndi ntchito mawunikidwe pa mbali zotsatirazi: ndalama mwachinyengo, kapena kani, polimbana zodabwitsazi, mu Komanso, yimitsira wa kuzemba misonkho, ziphuphu, katangale komanso nkhani zina ubale ndalama pakati pa nyumba zothandiza anthu.

Ndipotu, ndi nsanja zokambirana Multilaterial pakati pa mayiko membala pa nkhani zatchulidwa pamwambapa. Izo zimapangitsa malangizo kwa anthu a m'gulu la polimbana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana a zachuma amene amakumana mu chimango cha ntchito zachuma pa madera ake.

mbiri ya makono

Bungwe kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development (OECD) nthawi zonse kuganizira maganizo a m'bungwe ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lonse. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1996, mawu amenewa akadandaule mayiko Baltic ndi Russia, koma iwo onse anakana. Izo zinali kokha mu 2010 ku Estonia, izo analoledwa kulowa mgwirizano.

Mu 2005, iwo akulingalira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano China. Zonsezi zinayamba ndi maganizo a Mlembi-General wa OECD, kuti panthawi yake, m'mayiko monga Portugal ndi Spain, omwe asangalala kupondereza yekha, amalandiridwa ngati mamembala a gulu. Komanso, zikhalidwe za ndale saletsa nkhani zachuma. Malinga ndi iye, China ndi chuma kwambiri zingamuthandize padziko lonse. Iwo akukamba buku wamkulu wa zitsulo mu dziko msika. Ndipo ambiri ubwino kwambiri ukutchulidwa OECD Mlembi-General kuchirikiza lingaliro. Komabe, nkhani sanayambebe mwake. Komabe, pali ena patsogolo DPRK, monga Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development wapatsidwa mpata onani boma la dziko. Kodi ndi zambiri n'zofanana kwa boma kulowa mu kagulu ka OECD.

Russia ndi OECD

Mugone amakhumudwa kulumikiza dziko lathu ndi OECD. nkhani analeredwa ndi Russia mu 1996, kale. Koma poyamba, zinali zolimba kukana chifukwa cha disparity yaikulu miyezo ya dziko la Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development. Izi sizitanthauza kuti utsogoleri wa Chitaganya cha Russia kupitiriza modutsa kwa nkhaniyi.

Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti anaganiza mu 2007 kuyamba zokambirana umembala ya OECD zinalembedwa. Chinthu chofunikira umenewu anali oyamba a Russia mu Organization Trade World mu 2012. Chinthu chofunika wotsatira unali kulengezedwa kwa mutu wa OECD kuti mu 2015 Russia adzatenga umembala wa Organization kwa Cooperation Economic ndi Development pochita zinthu zonse zofunikira. Komabe, izi sizinachitike. Komanso posachedwapa analengeza kuti zochita pa nkhani imeneyi ndi kulephereka kalekale. Kotero ife kudikira ndi ife, anthu a chikhalidwe, ngakhale zaka makumi atatu zapitazo ikukana asatengere Western pa ife.

Pomaliza

Bungwe analengedwa monga limagwirira kuthandiza anawononga pambuyo World nkhondo II Europe, anamanga pa chikhulupiriro cha United States atsogoleri andale, kenako ankalankhula mbali ndi kudzikonda kukhala ndi kudzikonda malamulo Union ndi chuma yaikulu ya dzikoli, kumachita zabwino za dziko. Ndithudi, mafunso kuthetsa kuzemba misonkho, ndi ziphuphu ayenera kuzithetsa. Ndipo ngakhale zinthuzo wa anthu zimachokera mu kuya kwa chikumbumtima anthu Komabe, ngakhale ngati poyesa ndi nkhani ya ulemu. Ambiri, malo a gulu N'zolimbikitsa kuti anthu adzakhala kulimbana ndi mavuto a zachuma chifukwa cha khama anzake a m'mayiko onse padziko lapansili mu njira yothetsera iwo.