Leukocyte - izo ... woyera achiyesa maselo a magazi: ponseponse

Mu thupi la munthu pali anzeru maselo, chimene nthawizonse kudziwa kumene kuwateteza anafooka ndipo akuyamba uka matenda. Dzina la wosungira thanzi - magazi maselo oyera. Zinali iye amene amatsogolera yogwira kulimbana ndi tizilombo yachilendo. Pali utsogoleri wolowezana wa leukocytes, mtundu uliwonse udindo njira yeniyeni.

leukocytes Kodi

Leukocytes - ndi maselo wapadera kuti alibe mtundu. mawonekedwe amakhala chonse, dongosolo kumaphatikizapo ndi pakati. zigawo magazi awa anapanga ziwalo monga ndulu ya, lymph mfundo. Wina thupi la anachokera - mafupa.

Mlingo wa leukocytes magazi n'chakuti poyerekeza wa erythrocytes. Ambiri, mu umodzi milliliter kiyubiki magazi, pali pafupifupi 400,000 maselo oyera. Maselo amenewa ndi kukhala wochitachita mu polimbana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. chitetezo chokwanira anthu kwambiri kumadalira luso kuti ziletsa leukocyte kusalola mu thupi la tizilomboto. Mitundu zotsatirazi wa maselo a mwazi: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils - amapanga granulocyte zino. Monocytes, lymphocytes ndi nthumwi agranulocytes.

Neutrophils: kapangidwe ndi makhalidwe

Ichi ndi gulu lalikulu kwambiri woyera maselo magazi. Anthu, iwo amapanga 70% ya leukocytes onse. Dzina maselo izi subspecies zichokela ku mphamvu kuti utoto monga utoto zikuluzikulu ndi eosin (pa kafukufuku nyumba khungu).

Popeza woyera magazi selo - ndi chida cha kulamulira maselo zoipa, neutrophils secrete zinthu mwapadera kuti n'chongoletsa mabakiteriya. Only kagawo kakang'ono ka maselo amenewa ali mu magazi (1% boma zachilendo). onse misa waukulu lili zimakhala za thupi.

Neutrophils ali woyamba kudziwa za m'dera. Ngati chiwerengero cha maselo oyera a ukuwonjezeka mtundu uwu, ife tikuyankhula za neutrophilia. Chifukwa zodabwitsazi ndi matenda matenda (bakiteriya kapena mafangasi authunthu), njira yotupa, pamaso pa zotupa. kukula akhoza zidzayambike ndi magazi, kumwa mankhwala ena, kuvulala (kuphatikizapo necrosis) zimakhala. Ngati tawerenga neutrophil yafupika (neutropenia), n'zotheka kuti munthu ali ndi tizilombo, cheza mankhwala ndulu zinachitikadi chawonjezeka kukula.

Eosinophils: mbali ya gulu anapatsidwa maselo

Eosinophilic leukocyte - ndi mdani waukulu poizoni ndi zinthu monga Antigen-oteteza anachita. Ndi maselo amenewa kuchita ntchito ya chiyeretso magazi ndi detoxification. Iwo amalimbikitsa bala machiritso ndi kuteteza thupi ndi thupi lawo siligwirizana. Chiwerengero chawo zimadalira nthawi ya tsiku ndi zaka. Mwachitsanzo, eosinophils kwambiri kuposa usiku. Izi maselo oyera ana ochepa ntchito kuposa akuluakulu (1-7% ndipo 1-5%, motero). Ngati chiwerengero kumawonjezera, ndiye kungasonyeze otaya thupi lawo siligwirizana, kukhalapo mphutsi, zotupa zilonda. Komanso, ngati chinthu zimawonedwa ku matenda a chiwindi, zilonda, dermatitis. Koma matenda opatsirana ndi ziwawa za mfundo zabwino - siteji ofanana kuchira. A chiwerengero otsika amasonyeza zikutha m'mayiko eosinophils ndi mavuto (nthawi pambuyo opaleshoni, kuvulala, nedosyp okhazikika).

Kaperekedwe basophils

chiwerengero cha maselo amenewa magazi ndi imodzi mwa Zing'onozing'ono - 1%. kukula ndi neutrophils kwambiri ndi eosinophils. Chotero leukocyte - ndi ophunzira mwakhama thupi lawo siligwirizana. Basophils ali ndi udindo pakutchulidwa zizindikiro urticaria ndi zinthu zina ziwengo. Chifukwa maselo deta m'magazi, ziphe nyama, tizilombo pamene ingested musati amasiyana lonse thupi ndi zotseka. Kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha basophils ndi kuphwanya chithokomiro England, anam'peza matenda a m'matumbo. Koma si nthawi zonse mkulu mlingo akusonyeza pamaso pa matenda. Nthawi zina zodabwitsazi ukapezeka chifukwa kutupikana, akusowa chitsulo. Low basophils anati woyembekezera, ovulation, mukumwa mankhwala. Komanso, kungasonyeze matenda ndi mphutsi.

monocytes

Otchedwa monocytes ndi maselo oyera a magazi, amene alibe granules. Izi maselo chowulungika woboola anapanga ali m'mafupa. Total ukufika 10%. Monocytes moyo mkombero kumatenga pafupifupi masiku 30. Kuika chotupa yomweyo pambuyo iwo afika neutrophils adzalandira kwambiri bactericidal kanthu. Iwo amatha kuyamwa mitundu yonse ya maselo yachilendo. Ngati neutrophils ndi kuchepetsedwa, chiwerengero cha monocytes angathe kuonjezera (kuonetsetsa ntchito zonse zofunikira). Ngati kuchuluka kwa mtundu uwu wa maselo oyera pamwamba yachibadwa, ndiye ife tikhoza kulankhula za kukhalapo kwa matenda opatsirana (mwachitsanzo, fuluwenza), malungo, TB khansa. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha iwo amadziwika ndi matenda ngati magazi m'thupi. Ngati mlingo wa monocytes yatsala pang'ono ziro, ndiye dokotala sangathe oterewa ndi oopsa kwambiri (khansa, sepsis).

Lymphocytes: Features

maselo magazi awa ndi "kuleza ankakhala", amatha ntchito khumi kuposa wina. Mwa ntchito yaikulu yokonza chitetezo akutali m'thupi. Komanso, kusunga zokhudza matenda zapitazi anthu (Motero, mitundu ina kamodzi kokha akuwonetseredwa matenda).

Ndi luso yofunika kwambiri lymphocytes - kuwonongedwa kwa maselo amene ndondomeko ya kusintha kumachitika. Mwa maselo onse magazi chiwerengero chawo waima pa 35%. maselo magazi White ana a mitundu ndi ntchito kwambiri. M'miyezi choyamba cha moyo lymphocytes mlingo kufika pa 70%, kwa zaka 6 mpaka 15, ndi kusanduka 50%. Nthawi zambiri, mitengo yawo yapamwamba anati mu matenda tizilombo. Ngati kuchuluka zayamba kuposa linalake, pali kukayikitsa ndi mafupa chotupa. maselo oyera ana ndi mtundu uwu wa kuwuka mu chikuku, mumps, katsabola, chikuku. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha lymphocytes mwina chizindikiro ndi matenda mtundu lymphoma.

leukocytosis

Leukocytosis - chikhalidwe oopsa. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? maselo magazi White m'thupi ndi kuposa kupereka mfundo ntchito. msinkhu wawo angasonyeze pamaso pa katswiri pa matenda a mtundu wina.

Choncho, kuchuluka kwa woyera achiyesa maselo a magazi angasonyeze pamaso pa matenda, njira yotupa mu thupi. Ngati nambala ukufika kanjedza yaikulu, imeneyi nthawi zambiri anapezeka ndi matenda (khansa, khansa). Musaiwale kuti mlingo wa maselo oyera ndi zimakhudza khalidwe la chakudya, ndi mavuto. leukocytes ambiri anaona pa zolimbitsa thupi.