Ivan Bunin, "Kuwala mpweya" ndi kusanthula mankhwala

Ndipo kamodzinso za chikondi ... Ndipo ngati mumakonda, onetsetsani kuti Ivan Bunin, chifukwa kumeneko mpaka iye anali ofanana mphamvu mabuku kwambiri, chimodzimodzi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo omasuka ndiponso ochezeka auze ndi phale wopandamalire a mitundu ndi mithunzi ya moyo, chikondi ndi moyo munthu, nanga ndi Chodabwitsa kwambiri - ichi masamba awiri kapena atatu. nthawi inversely nkhani njila kuwonekera maganizo chidzalo ndi maganizo. Apa mukuwerenga nkhani yake "Easy mpweya" (ndi kusanthula mankhwala ayenera), ndipo akupitiriza nthawi ili pa mphamvu ya mphindi zisanu kapena khumi, koma inu nthawi kumiza nokha mu moyo, ndipo ngakhale moyo wa m'nkhaniyi, ndipo azikhala nawo kwa zaka makumi angapo, nthawi zina moyo. Kodi si chozizwitsa?

Nkhani IA Bunin a "Easy mpweya": kusanthula ndi ndemanga

Kuchokera mizere woyamba wolemba anayamba wowerenga ku mbali yaikulu ya nkhani - Olya Mescherskaya. Koma kodi zimenezi? Analysis wa yochepa nkhani "Easy mpweya" imatiuza kuti malo a zochita - manda, mwatsopano dothi chitunda pa manda mtanda waukulu wa thundu yosalala. Time - ozizira, imvi masiku a April, komabe mitengo leafless, achisanu mphepo. Mu kwambiri mtanda anaikapo medallion ndi medallion - ". Maso modziwika yowala" chithunzi cha msungwana wamng'ono, sukulu, ndi osangalala, Monga mukuonera, nkhani zachokera osiyanitsa choncho tanthauzo la duality: moyo ndi imfa - kasupe mwezi wa April, koma mitengo anabala; yolimba manda mitanda ndi chithunzi cha mtsikana mu yaikulu ya kudzutsidwa ukazi. Sangathe kuganiza, kodi m'moyo uno ndi chimene ndi imfa, ndi kuona pafupi moyo ndi imfa maatomu moyandikana wina ndi mzake, ndi iwo kukongola ndi ugliness, kuphweka ndi kuchenjerera, bwino wothawa tsoka ...

Mwininkhani

Mfundo Mosiyana m'chifanizo ntchito monga kwambiri Olechka Mescherskaya, ndi za moyo wake yochepa koma wanzeru. Kamtsikana sapereka chidwi. Chinthu chokha chimene tinganene - anali mmodzi wa atsikana ambiri wokondeka, watanthauzo ndi wosangalala mwamtheradi amene chifukwa cha msinkhu wawo ankasewera ndi osasamala. Koma posakhalitsa, izo zachitika likunena ndi yokongola kwambiri, ndiponso chosakwanira khumi linachita kukhala kukongola kwenikweni. Agopa tayu chilichonse ndipo sitichita manyazi, koma inki ake Madontho pa zala zanu kapena tsitsi disheveled anayang'ana zambiri zachilengedwe, zaukhondo ndi zokongola, osati molondola dala kapena amve anzake anaika tsitsi. Palibe kotero Mochititsa chidwi anavina pa mipira ngati iye. Palibe kotero mochenjera sanali yenda momyata ngati iye. Palibe amene mafani ambiri, ngati Oli Mescherskaya ... Analysis wa yochepa nkhani "Easy mpweya" sikuthetsa kumeneko.

The Last yozizira

Pamene iwo amati ku sekondale, "yozizira wake wotsiriza Olya Meshcherskaya openga mwamtheradi kusangalala." Iye kulikonse kudzionetsera: prichosyvaetsya anakana amavala crests mtengo, kufunkha makolo nsapato "rubles makumi awiri." Poyera ndi momveka mphunzitsi wamkulu kuti sanalinso mtsikana koma mkazi ... flirted ndi sukulu Shenshin akulonjeza kuti ndi zoona ndi wachikondi ndipo nthawi yomweyo kotero kuwapatsa malangizo capricious pochita naye, n'kupita naye tsiku lina pamaso pa amafuna kudzipha. Ndi zoona, nyambo ndi amanyenga Alekseya Mihaylovicha Malyutina, wamkulu olimba munthu wa zaka makumi asanu, ndipo pozindikira sangathe wake monga kulungamitsa khalidwe lake wolakwayo chimachititsa kudzikayikira kodziwa kwa iye. Komanso - more ... Olga akulowa mu ubale ndi kapitawo ndi Cossack, wosakongola plebeian maonekedwe, analibe kanthu kochita ndi anthu yomwe imazungulira, ndipo akulonjeza kuti akwatire iye. Ndipo pamalopa, kuti aziyendera limodzi naye Novocherkassk, akunena kuti palibe chikondi sangakhale pakati pawo, ndipo nkhani zonse - zawozo chabe, ndipo amasuliza pa iye. Monga umboni wa mawu ake, iye amapereka kuti awerenge tsamba tsikulo, limene kulankhulana wake woyamba ndi Malyutin. Snesya osati chipongwe msilikali mphukira zake pomwe pano pa nsanja ... funso n'lakuti: N'chifukwa chiyani, chifukwa iye ayenera zonsezi? Kodi m'mphambano za moyo wa munthu akuyesa amatiuza mankhwala "Kuwala mpweya" (Bunin)? Analysis wa chachikulu khalidwe ndondomeko ya zochita zidzathandiza owerenga awa ndi zina mafunso.

njenjete Social

Ndipo apa munthu ayesedwa chithunzi imagwedeza njenjete, zosafunikira, Tiyerekeze, koma ali ndi ludzu zosaneneka moyo, kufuna kudziwa mtundu wa awo, yapadera, zosangalatsa ndiponso wokongola tsogolo woyenera okha a osankhika. Koma moyo umamumvera malamulo ena ndi malangizo kwa kuphwanya amene uyenera kulipidwa. Choncho Olya Meshcherskaya ngati njenjete, molimba mtima, chisoni mantha, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mosavuta, mosasamala kanthu za mmene ena, ndi zouluka moto, kuwala kwa moyo, kukumana zokumana latsopano, kuti kupsa "Choncho Kodi cholembera motsetsereka pa malaya alimbane kope, osadziwa za tsogolo la mzere awo, pamene nzeru, wosakaniza chisokonezo ... "(Brodsky)

zotsutsana

Ndithudi, mahule Mescherskaya losokonezeka zonse. "Easy mpweya" Nkhani kusanthula amalola kuonetsetsa mu ntchito ngati zipangizo stylistic, ngati otsutsana - kusiyana kwakukulu pakati zachikunja, images, States. Iye ndi wokongola ndipo nthawi yomweyo chiwerewere. Izo sizingakhoze otchedwa wosayankhula, izo anatha, koma pa pamwamba chomwecho ndi mosaganizira. Panalibe chiwawa, "pazifukwa zina palibe wina sadakonda kotero junior makalasi monga icho." Maganizo ankhanza kwa mmene anthu ena akumvera sanali watanthauzo. Ndi monga zinthu ukukukuma, iye anagwetsa zonse mu njira yake, koma osati chifukwa anafuna kuononga ndi kupondereza, koma chifukwa choti sangathe: "? ... akhala bwanji kuphatikiza ndi woyera chinachake choipa chimene chikugwirizana tsopano ndi dzina Oli Mescherskaya" monga kukongola, ndi atikhaulitse uyu anali akamanena za iye, ndipo wathawa kusonyeza onse mokwanira. Choncho anakonda ndi khalidwe lake, anakokera ake, ndi chifukwa moyo wake inali yowala koma ikuthamanga. Mosiyana ndi sakanatha, kuti akutionetsa nkhani "Kuwala mpweya" (Bunin). The kusanthula mankhwala amapereka kuzindikira zambiri za moyo wa protagonist lapansi.

cool dona

Zikuchokera antithetical (otsutsana) zimawonedwa chikunena za njira ya ozizira dona Olechka Mescherskaya ndi mozungulira, koma monga kungoganizira kuyerekeza ake ndi pachiwiri sukulu ake. Kwa nthawi yoyamba Bunin ( "Easy mpweya") anayambitsanso khalidwe latsopano - zolimbitsa thupi bwana kucheza zochitika pakati pa iye ndi mademoiselle Mescherskaya wachibale khalidwe lanu akuitanira kwa masika. Ndipo kodi tikuona? Ziwiri zotsutsana mtheradi - unyamata, koma ndi yosalala imvi Madame adagawana tsitsi mwaukhondo crimped ndi kuwala, wachisomo Olya ndi mwabwino chokongoletsedwa, ngati kwa zaka, ndi mtengo tsitsi Crest. Limodzi ndi khalidwe chabe, bwino ndi momveka bwino, si mantha ndi molimba mtima woyankhira atamunamizira, ngakhale ngati wamng'ono ndi malo wosiyana. Other - Maso anu pa wosatha kuluka ndipo mobisa likuyamba sakumvetsa.

Pambuyo pa tsokalo

Ife kukumbukira kuti tikulankhula za nkhani "Mpweya Easy". Analysis wa mankhwala motere. Kachiwiri ndi lomaliza owerenga polimbana ndi njira zopatsa chidwi dona atamwalira Olga, kumanda. Apanso, timakumana lakuthwa koma momveka bwino otsutsana. "Mkazi wokalamba" mu magolovesi wakuda mwana ndi kulira Lamlungu lililonse amapita ku manda a Olga, wotchi si kutenga maso ake pa thundu mtanda. Iye anapereka moyo wake kwa ena "ethereal" feat. Poyamba, iye anaphika tsoka la m'bale wake, Alekseya Mihaylovicha Malyutina, yemweyo chodabwitsa chizindikiro amene kunyengedwa pa sukulu wokongola. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, iye zoyenera yekha ntchito, merging kwathunthu ndi chithunzi cha "wolima maganizo." Tsopano Olga Meshcherskaya - mfundo yaikulu ya malingaliro ake onse ndi malingaliro, inu mukhoza kunena, loto atsopano, matanthauzo atsopano a moyo. Komabe, ngati ukhoza kuitana kuti moyo wamoyo? Chabwino, inde ndi ayi. Pa dzanja limodzi zonse mu dziko, ndipo muyenera kukhala ndi ufulu kukhala, ngakhale n'zachabechabe akuoneka ndi kupanda pake kwa ife. Ndi pa zina - poyerekezera ukulu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana zokongolazi ndiponso kufika moyo waufupi Oli, ndi m'malo "wosakwiya imfa." Koma iwo amati, choonadi kwinakwake pakati, monga chithunzi zokongola ulendo moyo wa mtsikana - izo ndi yonyenga, kuseri kwake amabisa muzisangalala.

kukambirana

Nkhani ya "Easy mpweya" sikuthetsa kumeneko. Kuli dona Nthawi zambiri kukhala pafupi manda ake ndi umasinthasintha anati chomwecho kamodzi anamva zimene pakati pa atsikana awiri ... Olga ndinali kuyankhula kwa bwenzi lake pa kusintha kwakukulu ndipo anatchula buku ku laibulale wake. Ilo linati zimene akhale mkazi. Choyamba, ndi wakuda lalikulu, otentha phula, maso ndi akulankhula mokalipa wandiweyani, wofatsa manyazi, manja yaitali wamba, wochepa chithunzi ... Koma chinthu chachikulu - mkazi zikuyenera kukhala zophweka kuti mpweya. Olga kuzindikira matanthauzo - iye adawusa moyo ndi kumvetsera kupuma wake, mawu akuti "mosavuta kupuma" onse amene akuganiza akamanena za moyo wake, kutopa moyo, chopezera uthunthu wake ndipo pemphani osawerengeka. Komabe, "mosavuta kupuma" (ndi kusanthula nkhani akutifikiranso mapeto) sungakhale wamuyaya. Monga zinthu za mdziko, monga moyo wa munthu aliyense, ndi mmene moyo Oli Mescherskaya, m'kupita kwanthawi Mwamsanga, dissipates mwina kukhala mbali ya dziko lino, ozizira masika mphepo kapena leaden kumwamba.

Kodi tinganene pomaliza za nkhani "Mpweya Easy", umene unachitikira pamwamba kusanthula? Olembedwa mu 1916, nthawi asanabadwe buku lakuti "Mdima njira" buku "Mpweya Easy" angatchedwe popanda kukokomeza imodzi mwa mfundo za zilandiridwenso Bunin.