Lanthano munthu Dido ndi Eneya, amene akhala atchulidwa wa lodziwika bwino eponymous za zisudzo

ngwazi lanthano Dido ndi Eneya okondwa ndingaliro Ahelene osati wakale ndi Aroma, komanso anthu a Nthawi ina. Chikondi nkhani, zitayimbidwa ndi Homer ndi Virgil mobwerezabwereza kumenya ndi reinterprets ndi tragedians wakale. Ndi mbiri yakale aona kachidindo encrypted za tsogolo la Punic Nkhondo. Dante Alighieri ntchito nkhani ya Eneya ndi Dido kwa kulimbikitsa anthu opembedza kuti "Divine Comedy." Koma ulemerero lanthano angapo adakali English Baroque Wolemba Genri Porsell. Ntchito "Aeneid" Virgil, Naum Teyt analemba libretto. Choncho, mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVII anabadwa za zisudzo kwambiri mu machitidwe atatu - «Dido ndi Eneya». Dido ndi Eneya ndi ndani? Milungu? No. Koma palibe zilembo zakale. atchulidwa tuluka mwa nthano ndi nthano anayamba.

History of Eneya

Wolemba ndakatulo lalikulu la masiku amakedzana Homer, amene anakhalako m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu BC, mu ntchito yake m'zigawozigawo epic "Iliad" anabweretsa anthu ena chifanizo cha Eneya. Mwana Aphrodite, mulungu wamkazi wa kukongola ndi ufumu wa padziko lapansi Dardani Anchises kumanzere yoyaka Troy ndi zombo makumi awiri anapita ndi anthu ake kuwoloka nyanja. M'buku makumi awiri "The Iliad" anafotokoza kupulumuka. Iye anapulumutsidwa ku likumira mumzinda osati mkazi wake ndi mwana Krispo Khirisimasi, koma bambo ake okalamba, onyamula pa nsana wake mu dongosolo. Agiriki kulemekeza khalidwe limeneli, anachiphonya icho. Komabe, olemba ena akale kupereka Baibulo zosiyanasiyana za nkhani ya Eneya. Leskh limafotokoza mmene ngwazi lanthano chidwi Neoptolemus. Arktin amakhulupirira kuti Eneya anapita ku Troy pamaso adani ake. Hellanicus, Lutatius Daphnis ndi Menekratus Xanthi ankakhulupirira kuti anagonja mzinda kwa Achaeans. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, kugwa kwa Troy anali kuchititsa masana a fuko Dardani. Namondwe panyanja achotse zombo kugombe la Carthage. Choncho tinakumana ndi kanthu Mfumukazi ndi Didona Énée. Mfundo limatiuza kuti iwo ankamukonda mzake. Koma womvera kwa milungu, Eneya wokhulupirika kwa udindo wake. Iye anali kukhazikitsa ufumu wa Latins. Pofuna kuti amazunza nokha ndi yaitali mumaikonda omaliza iye anasiya Carthage mseri. Dido, atamva za ndege ya Eneya analamula kuti azinyadira maliro pyre. Ndiye iye anaponya kumbuyo wokonda zinthu wake yekha anathamangira ku moto.

Baibulo la Virgil

Pakuti Dido Homer ndi Eneya - ngwazi za dongosolo chachiwiri. Wolemba ndakatulo wachiroma Virgil amaganiziranso ngwazi nthano ndi nkhani yachikondi awo kwambiri. Kuyenda panyanja, atakulungidwa mu chophimba cha nkhungu, limene wobvala mayi ake, mulungu wamkazi Venus, zili m'gulu Carthage. Iye awawona kukongola-mfumukazi ndipo iye anatsimikiza mokoma mtima mamembala a gulu lake. Ndiye iye ndi kwa iye. Pa phwando la Cupid, natenga mawonekedwe a mwana wa Eneya, Khirisimasi, anakakamizidwa Dido ndipo muloleni iye arrow kudzera mtima. Kuchokera pamenepa, mfumukazi kugwa m'chikondi ndi Trojan ngwazi. Koma chimwemwe chawo nthaŵi yochepa zinatha. Patapita chaka chimodzi, milungu anatumiza Mercury kukumbutsa Eneya antchito ake - kupita ku Italy ndi kukhazikitsa ufumu watsopano. Tsoka, limene, mogwirizana ndi maganizo akale, sizingasinthidwe, Eneya tidzayesedwa kukwatira Lavinia, mwana wamkazi wa Latina. Osati kumva Maliro a Dido, Eneya zikumuchititsa monga iye anagona. Kudzuka, mfumukazi kakasi iri yofulumira ku moto Woyaka. Powona utsi wakuda kukwera pamwamba m'chizimezime, Eneya amamvetsa chifukwa chake, ndipo mtima wake amalakalaka. Koma motere tsogolo lake.

Zimphona siumafa

A olimbikitsa chikondi nkhani ndi mapeto omvetsa chisoni ndi sanaiwale ndi kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Roma. Ovidi Naso analemba "Kalata Dido Eneya" (Heroides VII). Izi awiri lanthano anakhala mbali yaikulu mu tsoka la Euripides zoyerekeza "res". Dido ndi Eneya amatchulidwa mu chiwerengero cha ndakatulo akale. Ndipo ngati Aroma molimba ankamuona ngati kholo lawo wamba wa seafarer otchuka a ku Spain ulemu tate wake mfumukazi ya Carthage. Choncho, osachepera, imaonekera mu amafotokoza za 1282 Mfumu Alfonso X «Estoria de A Espanna».

rethinking andale

Mu 1678, wotchuka British Wolemba wina Naum Teyt analemba kusewera "Brutus la Alba, kapena enchanted Okonda" chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa maziko a pa sewero G. Purcell a "Dido ndi Eneya". Libretto kwathunthu reinvents chikondi nkhani, ndi kuvumbitsira zophiphiritsa za zochitika ya ndale za lothandiza la King James II. Kuti wolemba wake kusonyezedwa m'chifanizo cha Eneya. Dido ali, malingana ndi Tate - anthu British. Mlembi wa sewerolo anayambitsanso otchulidwa latsopano zomwe sizipezeka mu Virgil. Izi mfiti ndi wothandizira ake - mfiti. Mkati Tate ikukhudza Papa ndi Tchalitchi cha Katolika. anthu oipa kutenga mawonekedwe a Mercury ndi nauschayut Mfumu adzandipereka anthu awo.

"Dido ndi Eneya" sewero la Purcell

Ntchito imeneyi ndi chimodzi cha ntchito yabwino ya Baroque wopeka nyimbo. Zigoli choyambirira sanali ndinawasunga, ndipo m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, izo lasintha ambiri (oyamba anataika nyimbo, kuvina ndi kutha pang'ono mu munda zochitika). Izi ndi ntchito yokhayo ya Purcell, popanda kukambirana zinazi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuimba nyimbo za opera chitachitidwa pa siteji ya alendo ndi amayi ku London. Izi anapereka ofufuza za nyimbo yakuti kukhulupirira kuti Porssel mwadala wosalira mphambu wake Baroque, kusinthasintha kwa ntchito ya pasukulu. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi ochokera kuimba nyimbo za opera aria "Ah, Belinda" ndi nyimbo ya panyanja ya. Koma chofunika kwambiri, amene anadza nyimbo dziko linali "maliro Dido a". Ndi kunyamuka ndiwotani Carthaginian mfumukazi akufunsa cupids kumwaza pa manda ake ananyamuka pamakhala, monga wosakhwima monga chikondi chake. Dido wa maliro - aria "Pamene ndinali kuika pansi" - chaka amakondwerera tsiku la First World nkhondo, pa mwambo womwe unachitikira ku Whitehall.

Yin ndi Yang mu rethinking Iosifa Brodskogo

Mu 1969, Union chilungamo tiziromboti, ndi anthu onse a dziko - wolemba ndakatulo kwambiri natchedwa ndakatulo wotchedwa "Dido ndi Eneya". Brodsky kuti kungotchula kokha lokhudza chiwembu cha bodza kale odziwika. Kutsindika waukulu amapanga pa maganizo a dialectical atasemphana wamwamuna - udakali yogwira - chiyambi, Yang, ndiponso maganizo, chosalimba yin. "Mwamuna wamkulu," Eneya, mu zothetsera kusankha tsoka la Dido masamba. Koma iye dziko lonse, dziko lonse - izo zangokhala wokonda ake. Iye akufuna kutsagana naye, koma iye sangakhoze. Likukhalira ku mazunzo ndi imfa yake.