Laling'ono ndi lokongola kwambiri kumpoto nyanja Russia - White Sea

Mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri nyanja kumpoto, Russia amati Nyanja White. Primordial chikhalidwe, osadetsedwa ndi chitukuko zomera olemera ndi wapadera ndi wosangalatsa malo m'madzi ndi zachilendo moyo m'madzi kukopa alendo zambiri m'mphepete nkhanza kumpoto.

Nyanja White ndi imodzi mwa wamng'ono Russia. Malo mamita lalikulu 90,000. Km. Amenewa ndi zilumba zambiri yaing'ono, ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pawo - Solovetsky, malo mamita lalikulu 90.800. M. Wapakati pakuya panyanja - 67 mamita ndi pazipita - 340 m.

Pa ndi Kola Peninsula (Cape Saint Mphuno) kwa Kanin Peninsula (Cape Kanin Zsk) akudutsa notional malire umene umawalekanitsa Nyanja White ku Nyanja Barents. Pa gombe la White Nyanja ali madoko ambiri omwe akuluakulu ndi Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk, White Nyanja, Onega, Kem, Kandalaksha ndi Mezen.

Nthawi yotentha, pamwamba zigawo za madzi kumalo ndi chigawo chapakati cha pafupifupi analimbikitsa 15 ° C, koma mu khosi ndi Onega Bay madzi kutentha chiyani musalumphe 9 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha madzi adatchithisira kuti zizindikiro subzero - a -0,5 ° C ndi -1,7 ° C.

Ngakhale kutentha otsika madzi, ngakhale chilimwe, kufuna amasirira kukongola kwa dziko m'madzi ndithu kwambiri, kotero pamadzi mu White Nyanja ndi imodzi mwa njira yotchuka kwambiri ya zosangalatsa. M'madzi ovuta ndi malo okhala a mitundu m'madzi :. ngale Lofewa, anemones, thonje, bryozoans, hydroids, etc. Zilombozi kukula mwachindunji pa miyala, kupanga mitundu ake alili ndiponso njira wokongola kwambiri m'madzi zokongola. Mu mphako ya miyala kubisala starfish, nkhanu, nyenyezi Chimaona, nkhanu ndi kudzipatula nkhanu. Nyanja White ali wolemera zosiyanasiyana nsomba - apa mungapeze m'nyanja zikuluzikulu duwa m'nyanja zikuluzikulu bullhead, mlamba, redfish, fulonda ndi nsomba pinogor.

Kuchokera August kwa October, mitundu chinkhoswe pa imadumphira m'madzimo uku ikukupiza usiku, mwayi zokwanira kusunga munthu zambiri wosangalatsa chithunzi - losonyeza zomera. Pomwe nkhanu zing'onozing'ono, jellies zisa, bryozoans ndi hydroids nthambi shimmer mu kuya mdima wa nyanja ndi wapadzadziko, wosangalatsa emarodi kuwala. Kukongola zimenezi alidi zosaiŵalika, kotero maulendo ku White Nyanja imeneyi, wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alendo.

Mpumulo mu malo amenewo kumene pamadzi, osiyanasiyana - zingakhale ndi ovuta motsatizana kwambiri m'nyanja kwa makumi angapo mamita, ndi malo athyathyathya pa nyanja, pa akuya mamita 15 mpaka 40. Fans wa imadumphira m'madzimo uku ikukupiza kwambiri akhoza kupeza mlingo wa zikuwonjezereka masiku ano m'madera mafunde osefukira, liwiro imene imafikira mamita awiri kapena anayi pa mphindi. Osiyanasiyana mu wotchera panopa "kuwuluka" pa pansi miyala, akutama m'nkhalango ya algae wofiira, kelp siponji zokongola.

M'chaka cha aone mu madzi 10-15 mamita, mu October chinawonjezeka ndi mamita 20-30, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kumawonjezera mpaka mamita 30-40.

The kukopa waukulu zilumba mu White Nyanja, ndi phokoso mbalame ankawalamulira. Mu malo awa, kukaikira mazira eider abakha, cormorants, gulls ndi terns.