Kuyembekeza kuti Dictionary: CAD - awa ndi ndani?

Modern Chirasha ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mmene ntchito ndi makolo athu zaka zana kapena kupitirirapo zapitazo. Ankachitika ndi agile, chingasinthe pamodzi ndi anthu. Kuphunzira Mwachitsanzo, kapangidwe lexical wa kulankhula agona, amene zaluso m'munda wa sayansi, luso, ndale, ndi m'madera ena akhala anayambitsa, nanga mosasintha wapita. Ndipotu, neologisms, historicism, mawu achikale - zonsezi ndi mbiri yathu, analandidwa mu mawu.

Kudziwa - sindikudziwa, kuyang'anira - chiyani sakwanitsa

Panopa kuchigwiritsa zambiri zimawavuta kufotokoza kuti: mbuli - ndani izi? Iwo kusokoneza ndi pafupi zina mtengo ndi mawu - mbuli. Tiyeni tiyese kuunikira pa chithunzi chidwi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kuyang'ana mu dikishonare. Mwachitsanzo, Vladimir Dal amachitira chizindikiro motere: "Nevezha - mawu anapanga ku mneni sakudziwa sindikudziwa, sindikudziwa momwe. Wosadziwa, wopanda ulemu, sadziwa kuchita zinthu, kukhala pagulu. Mwachitsanzo: ndinu mbuli wa conic anabzala, kotero iye akukwera pa njira ".

M'njiramo Dahl limanena kuti ngakhale mawu akuti "mbuli" ndi kubwerera kwa mizu chomwecho, koma phindu lake ndi osiyana: munthu wosaphunzira, osati wolemedwa ndi chidziwitso buku, mdima. Mwachitsanzo, Vladimir Ivanovich amatsogolera mawu: "mlembi - wake, wosadziwa - wake", "sikutanthauza kudziŵa mwa mbuli." Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye umatsimikizira kuti, "umbuli akadali neuchonosti". Motero malinga Dahl mbuli - munthu ndi mipata maphunziro, khalidwe, ndi wosadziwa - mu nkhani maphunziro, nzeru kusukulu.

dictionary Ushakov

Kupitiriza kuphunzira kulankhula, ife titembenukira linanso gwero lodalirika - Dictionary lolembedwa ndi Ushakov. Izi limanena kuti mawu akunena kwa onse chachimuna ndi chachikazi. Mlembi ukutchula mphatso kuchokera mfundo ziwiri. Choyamba, mbuli - munthu wouma mtima, wopanda ulemu. The chachiwiri - lofanana kwa colloquial "mbuli." Monga zitsanzo za kumam'phunzitsa ngati ofananira: .. Vahlak, mlimi mlimi, lout, snapper, Izo ndizo Ushakov Chili mfundo ziwiri mu chimodzi. Kodi woyenera kuti otere pang'ono kenako ife adzamvetsa.

Ozhegov-Shvedova

The ofotokozera Dictionary of Modern Russian Language, lolembedwa Ozhegova kuwerenga: "Nevezha - ndi wamwano, wopanda ulemu, mwano munthu." E. Pakati "akhale ophunzira 'ndi' adzaukitsidwa" apa yapangitsa malire bwino. Iwo likukhalira kuti Ozhegov molondola kuposa Ushakov amaganizira manenedwe a mawu, mithunzi ake ndi matanthauzo ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu. kutanthauzira Izi zikugwirizana bwino mu chitsanzo cha anthu masiku ano. Mwachitsanzo, chodabwitsa woipitsitsawu kuswa mwaluso zipilala kamangidwe, ngodya kwabasi wa chilengedwe ndendende umboni kuti sitili kapena osaphunzira, chidziwitso, ndi mipata maphunziro, wauzimu, makhalidwe wathu ndi incivility. M'njira imeneyi, ndipo ntchito ndi mbuli ano mawu "mbuli". Ndipo yotengeka ndi lofanana dictionary "mpira" akudza kwa iye sakanakhoza kukhala zothandiza kwambiri.

kalembedwe mbali

Tsopano tiyeni kwa magulu a kalembedwe kuti kudziwa morphological ndi syntactical chikhalidwe cha mawu. Komanso zithandiza kumveketsa tanthauzo lake lexical. CAD - nauni, zamoyo, ndi mtundu wamba (.. Ie, mwina ntchito kwa anthu a amuna ndi akazi), ndi declension choyamba. Kungakhale kapena chimodzi ndi mochulukitsa mitundu. anam'sankha "osati" kutonthoza muzu "vezh" mathero "ndi" pa mawu zoyambirira kusanthula. Ndi chiyambi kunayamba Church Chisilavo "mbuli" (ndi yat) a "Veda". umboni mwatsatanetsatane, onani pansipa.

Pa funso la etymology

Mphatso "mbuli", "Veda", "mwaulemu" kulowa zamphako ofanana, koma mawu osakwatiwa-mizu. "Veda" - mneni kuti amabwerera wakale Russian "vedt," ie, "kudziwa" ... "Yophunzirira" amachokera ku mawu "Tower" - "Katswiri" wachita kale disused. Choncho, poyamba chizindikiro delimited choyambiriracho, kutanthauza ntchito stylistic. Akuti: "mbuli" ndi wakale Russian mizu. .. popangidwa ndi manambala oyambirira a "si" ndi ku Russian mawu wakale "Tower", mwachitsanzo, "akatswiri", monga momwe mbali khalidwe: nepolnoglasie. Mawu "mbuli" chiyambi kwathunthu chosiyana kwa Old Asilavo. Kuphatikiza "sitima" akusonyeza zikuonekeratu mwamtheradi, komanso mawu awa: zovala, adzabereka pakati. Kumapeto kwa 18 ndi m'ma 19, mawu awiri n'chimodzimodzi, anatchulidwa mfundo yomweyi: munthuyo osaphunzira, pang'ono wodziwa chimene, zinthu ignoramus. Ndiye, mu kuchita chinenero wasintha mfundo. Mbuli ambiri amati anthu amwano, discourteous.

Mthunzi wa tanthauzo "osaphunzira" pang'ono ndi pang'ono m'malo, kusiya gulu achikale. Koma okamba ano mbadwa zambiri kusokoneza mawu awiri, mwa mawu a mmodzi pamwamba pa wina. zodabwitsazi, pamene mawu ali pafupi ofanana koma mwalemba mosiyana ndi zikutanthauza mfundo zosiyanasiyana, wotchedwa Paronyms ndi mphatso zosasewera pomaliza okha - Paronyms.

Kuti imakhala mawu-abale chidwi ndi mu chinenero chathu!