Kupanga, kumanga, kukhazikitsa zothandiza. Zolumikizidwe zamalonda ndi ...

Kuyankhulana kwasayansi ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana omwe amathandiza kukhala ndi moyo wabwino m'mabanja ndi nyumba zapanyumba. Zida zoterezi zimayikidwa m'masitolo, maofesi, malo ogulitsa mafakitale, ndi zina zotero. Kukonzekera mitundu yonse ya zowunikira mafakitale kumafuna kupanga malingaliro ndi kugwirizana ndi matelojeti ena pa nthawi yowonjezera.

Mitundu ya maulankhulidwe ojambula

Pali mitundu yambiri yamagetsi a mtundu umenewu. Zolumikizidwe zamakono ndizo, choyamba:

• Kutentha;
• Kutha kwa madzi;
• Ventilation system;
• Magetsi;
• Kupereka kwa gasi;
• Kutentha kwa madzi ndi madzi otentha.

Kupanga

Ntchito yomanga mauthenga ojambulira amayamba ndi chitukuko cha ndondomeko zogwirizanitsa zigawo zawo zazikulu ndikusankha zida zomwe ziri ndi zofunikira zoyenera kuchita. Ntchito yokonza mapulogalamu akukonzekera kuganizira momwe makonzedwe a nyumbayi amakhalira. Nthawi zambiri eni eni nyumba zambiri amapereka ntchito yopanga ndondomeko kwa akatswiri. Kwa nyumba yaing'ono yokhalamo, mwachitsanzo, kupatsa, polojekiti ikhoza kupangidwa mwachindunji. Komabe, pakulikulitsa, nkofunikira kulingalira miyambo yopezeka mu SNiP ndikutsatira malamulo a chitetezo cha moto.

Kugwirizana kwa magetsi

Zothandizira zoterozo zimagwirizanitsa m'nyumba ina kapena nyumba ina iliyonse. Muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono, galasi lamagulu limodzi lamagulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'nyumba zazing'ono zimagwirizanitsa magawo atatu. Mitambo imachoka pamtunda wapafupi wa mphamvuyo pamtunda wautali osati pansi pa 2.75 mamita kuchokera pansi (pamwamba pa mayendedwe - 3.5 mamita). Mu nyumba yokha iwo amafesedwa mu chikhomo kudutsa padenga ndi maziko. Nthawi zina pamagwiritsiridwa ntchito gawo lina. Kupyolera mu zipinda za mawaya a nyumba amakoka muzitsulo zapadera zopanda moto.

Kutentha ndi madzi

Madzi akumwa amaperekedwa ndi nyumbayo, kawirikawiri pobowola chitsime, kukhazikitsa mpweya wosasunthika ndikuika manja. Chida cha kutentha chimaphatikizapo chophikira, chomwe chingakhale gasi, mafuta olimba, dizilo kapena magetsi, radiators, mapaipi. Komanso, mukasonkhanitsa zogwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, tangi yowonjezera, gulu la chitetezo, makompyuta oyendayenda ndi magetsi osiyanasiyana otsekedwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

WAN m'nyumba yaumwini ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa chimodzimodzi ndi kayendedwe ka Kutentha. Pankhani imeneyi, chophimba chowombera chawiri chimaikidwa . Kuyika zowunikira mauthenga a gulu ili ndi motere:

1. Pamalo a nyumbayi ndi mzere waukulu.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito radiators.
3. Yambitsani gulu la chitetezo paipi yamagetsi pafupi ndi moto.
4. Sitima yowonjezera ndi mpope wofalitsa imakwera pa bomba yobwerera.
5. Gwiritsani chingwe chachikulu ku chophikira.
6. Lumikizani kubwerera ndikupatsa mapaipi a dongosolo la madzi otentha.
7. Fufuzani zipangizo zoyenera kugwira ntchito.

Kupereka kwa gasi kunyumba

Mipata yophika, komanso boilers ndi boilers akuthamanga pa buluu mafuta, akugwirizana ndi maunyolo ndi chilolezo cha mabungwe oyenera. Zomwezo zimapita kwa anthu ogulitsa katundu. Pachilinda chokhala ndi mpweya wotentha, mbaleyo ikhoza kugwiritsidwa popanda mgwirizano. Kulumikizana ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ndi osungira katundu kumaloledwa kokha ndi akatswiri ovomerezeka. Mtengo wa kutumiza gasi kunyumba kumadalira makamaka momwe mapaipi apakati amachokera kutali. Zomwezo zimapitanso kumalo osungira katundu. Komabe, pamapeto pake, eni ake adzayenera kulipira chifukwa cha mphamvu (pafupifupi 60,000 rubles).

Sewer pakhomo: kupanga ndi kukhazikitsa

Kuyankhulana kotereku kwasungidwa posachedwa m'nyumba zonse komanso m'nyumba zazing'ono. Zomwe zikuluzikulu za kayendedwe ka madzi osokoneza madzi ndi awa:

• Sitima yamadzi kapena buluwa;
• Bomba;
• Zipangizo zamagetsi m'nyumba;
• Wiring system.

Sitimayi imayikidwa mu dzenje, yofufuzidwa patali pafupifupi mamita asanu kuchokera kunyumba. Mapangidwe a zogwirizanitsa zamakonowa akugwiritsidwa ntchito podziwa kuti mapaipi ochokera kumtunda kupita ku cesspool ayenera kumangidwa ndi mtunda wa 2-3 masentimita pa 1 p / m mu ngalande pansi pa kuzizira. The gasket amatsogoleredwa kuti ponse kutalika kwa waukulu pamakhala palibe mawondo pachimake.

Pokwera m'nyumba zapakhomo, chitoliro chokhala ndi mamita 110 mm nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chimbudzi chimakhala pafupi pomwepo. Zowonjezerapo zikuikidwa, zochitika zambiri zimakhala zochitika. Malo osambira ndi zotsamba zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutuluka, nthawi zambiri kupyolera mu dzuwa. Mipope yonse yomwe imayendayenda panyumbamo imatsekedwa ndi mapepala apulasitiki okongoletsa.

Mpweya wabwino

Zomangamanga zotere za nyumbayi posachedwa zakhala zotchuka kwambiri. Popeza ngakhale nyumba zazing'ono zamakono masiku ano zimagwiritsa ntchito mawindo a pulasitiki opangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi zitseko zamakono, kukhazikitsa mpweya wabwino nthawi zambiri ndizofunika mwamsanga. Kaŵirikaŵiri m'nyumba zapanyumba zinkagwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamtundu umenewu. Ikwezedwa monga chonchi:

• Mu chipinda chapamwamba kapena m'chipinda chapansi pali njira yopezera ndi kutulutsa. Kawirikawiri zimaphatikizidwanso ndi wobwezeretsa, zomwe zimateteza Kutentha.
• Miphika imatulutsidwa kudzera m'chipinda. Maenje omwe ali m'makomawa ali ndi zokutira zokongoletsera. Pamsewu, chitoliro chotumizira chimayikidwa mu bomba la nthambi kudutsa khoma. Mafinya amachotsedwa padenga.

Nthawi zina machitidwe a mpweya wabwino amatengedwera ndi zipangizo zamitundu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimalimbikitsa chitonthozo cha kukhala m'nyumba. Zikhoza kukhala, mwachitsanzo, zomangidwa mu mpweya wokhala ndi ma air conditioner kapena humidifiers.

Zolumikizidwe zamakono ndizofunika kwambiri, moyo wodalirika umene sungatheke mu nyumba ya dziko. Kupanga ndi kukonza zipangizo zotere ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri. Simungapange zolakwika panthawiyi. Izi zingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoipa osati zokha, komanso za chitetezo chokhala m'nyumba. M'madera aing'onoang'ono, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zoyankhulirana zoyambilira n'zotheka kuchitapo ndi manja. Amwini a kanyumba akuluakulu ali bwinobe apatseni ntchitoyi kwa akatswiri.