Kufala mafuta: gulu ndi makhalidwe

Zida mafuta - wapadera kalasi injini mafuta cholinga ntchito mfundo zosiyanasiyana magalimoto mikangano HIV, komanso zosiyanasiyana zida. Njinga ndi zida mafuta opangidwa pa mchere kapena kupanga maziko, kenako doped ndi zosiyanasiyana zina, koma amafuna HIV ndi apamwamba, chifukwa iwo ntchito pa katundu apamwamba kwambiri ndi kufulumizitsa ndi Pepala la kali kukhululukirana. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri mafuta amenewa ndi luso kulenga filimu zoteteza padziko mayunitsi ndi mikangano kuteteza kukhudzana makina pakati pawo. The hypoid zida mafuta ntchito, zomwe, kulowa mu mankhwala anachita ndi pamalo a mbali, kuteteza iwo skipanie adzatenga katundu Aakulu. Pa ntchito, mafuta zida oxidize ndi kukhala zakhudzana ndi ayenera m'malo nthawi. Izi akuti ndi bwino mafuta ndi chizolowezi otsika kuti makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Popeza opanga osiyana ntchito zina zosiyana kusakaniza mankhwala awo sangathe. Pamene m'malo kufala wagawo ayenera bwinobwino rinsed, ngati nkotheka chimodzimodzi ndi mafuta abwino.

mafuta zida anawagawira kapena kukhuthala kapena Magwiridwe. Choncho, malinga ndi SAE (Automotive Akatswiri Association) iwo anawagawa m'magulu asanu ndi anayi - zisanu yotentha ndi anayi yozizira (ndi index W). Kusukulu mwachindunji kukhuthala index. SAE SAE 70W kapena 250, mwachitsanzo. Wapawiri index anasonyeza kuti mafuta multigrade (SAE 80W 90, etc.).

API (American mafuta Institute) ukugawa mafuta mu makalasi 6, malingana ndi katundu ntchito - gl-1 ... gl-6. makalasi zimenezi ndi zofanana ndi zimene anagwiritsa ntchito mu Soviet GOST 17479.2-85 TM1 ... TM6. Gulu chachisanu ndi chimodzi ntchito magiya hypoid ndi kukhala lubricity apamwamba ndi ntchito Aakulu.

Posankha zida mafuta, ayenera kuganizira Choyamba pa zikhalidwe ntchito. Ngati kalasi ndi poyerekeza zofunika, chabe limagwirira sakusonyeza, ndi apamwamba a mafuta kalasi ali ndi mtengo wapamwamba, Izi zidzapangitsa kuti ndalama overruns. M'pofunikanso kuganizira kutentha pa zomwe ndimakokedwe ntchito, ndipo maziko a izi sankhani lubricant. SAE 85W Mwachitsanzo, kodi ntchito pa kutentha kwa -12 ° C, ndi 85W ali ndi -40 ° C. Mu transmissions basi , wapadera otsika-kukhuthala madzi, kotero palibe injini kapena kufala mafuta kumeneko sizikhudza.

Today pa msika osiyanasiyana lalikulu opanga kupereka zida mafuta awo - Lukoil, Total, Texaco, Reksol, Norse ndi ena ambiri. A zosiyanasiyana zina ntchito Mzimuyo mlingo wa khalidwe la mafuta ndi mtengo osiyanasiyana. Maminolo amakhala otsika mtengo koma ndi zochepa synthetics monga zosemphana. A kukondera zabwino adzakhala theka-synthetics monga posangalatsa pakati pa awiri. Tiyeneranso kukhala osamala wa fakes ndi kugula mafuta mu masitolo untested. Kusintha bokosi ali nthawizonse okwera mtengo kusiyana ndi kutenga yabwino mafuta, makamaka panopa pamene m'malo a ku kutibwezera nasamalidwa ndi 60 zikwi makilomita kapena zambiri.