Kodi mukudziwa mmene kugona zida? Kodi ndi mmene akugona chinsomba m'madzi?

Mwina anthu ambiri ndikudabwa za kugona mmene zinsomba. Iwo likukhalira kuti ndi chidwi kwambiri mutu kuwalingalira. Ndipotu, ndi lalikulu thupi kukula zambiri misa lake adipose minofu, zinsomba wautali kwambiri ndi buoyancy pang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nyama palibe kayendedwe ka mchira wake pang'onopang'ono idzatitimira kwambiri.

angapezeke mu nkhani iyi, ngati wopusa chinsomba. Asayansi posachedwapa anapeza yankho la funso limeneli ndi chidwi kwambiri.

Ena zambiri za zinsomba

Zinsomba - nyama kwathunthu ndinazolowera moyo mu madzi a dongosolo Cetacea. Monga porpoises ndi anamgumiwa, nyama izi m'madzi zinachitika, akukhulupirira kuti nyama m'dziko limene anabwerera madzi okwana pafupifupi 50 zapitazo, pambuyo okhala padziko lapansi kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri.

Monga akukhala padziko 2 suborder wa zinsomba: baleen ndi imodzi. Pakuti imodzi monga anangumi umuna, wakupha zinsomba ndi beluga. Iwo wasaka mu madzi akuya pa chinsomba. Baleen zinsomba (fyuluta feeders): buluu ndi linunda. Iwo kudya zinthu zing'onozing'ono, monga zomera, krill ndi zina zotero. Mu kamwa, ali wambirimbiri osasankhidwa madzi nyanja kudzera ngati chisa ngati minofu otchedwa baleen.

Musanayambe kudziwa kumene ndi mmene wopusa chinsomba m'madzi, amathera ulendo yaing'ono masiku akale.

Za makolo a zinsomba

Ngati mukufuna tiwolokere pa madzi, kutopa, Mulimonsemo Ndipotu, kotero moyo chilichonse cholengedwa analephera kupuma ndi kupeza tulo. Mwamtheradi nyama zonse Umafuna tulo, nayenso, kuphatikizapo anthu amene amakhala mu madzi: gulu la anamgumi amitundu. M'madzi zimakhala za nthawi yathu, likukhalira kupirira vuto ili "mu Limbo." Koma makolo awo, monga ife tikudziwira, ambiri mamiliyoni zapitazo kunali nyama lapansi.

Ancient kitokopytnye (pakicetus), kusiya dziko, anapita kamodzi kwa nyanja. Ichi ndi chifukwa kukhalapo mu kuya ake alili, wodzaza ndi angakwanitse kwambiri chakudya.

Koyamba pakicetus ankasakidwa kwa shoals nsomba, nabwera mbuyo pake kumasuka pa gombe. Koma alipo pa nthawi mpikisano wakhala amakakamizidwa nyama agwire kutengeka kutali ndi mu kuya kwa wakale Tethys Ocean. Ndiyeno iwo mbisoweka palimodzi kuti abwerere kudziko, choncho m'pofunika kuphunzira kugona mu madzi. Pakicetus anakwanitsa atengere izi ambirimbiri zaka. akuti Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa nyama amene akufuna zikhazikike usiku za m'madzi, ndi mavuto ambiri ndi wakupha.

Ngati kugona zida: chithunzi

Nthawi zambiri, zinsomba zambiri kugona, koma posakhalitsa. Pamene zimphona izi amizidwa m'madzi, amagona okha angapo Mphindi. Okwana zinsomba nthawi kugona mphindi 15 ndi maola ochepa Panyanja.

Ubatizo wa cholengedwa yaikulu nyanja zikuchitika kwa kuya yaing'ono, inatuluka zida reflex kayendedwe ka mchira kachiwiri limatuluka pamwamba mbali ina ya mpweya Mpweya. Zimenezi akubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza. Izi zikufanana ndi boma la munthu atagona "chikumujompha mphuno." Umu ndi mmene zinsomba zazikulu, ndi amalowerera kupeza makumi angapo Mphindi tulo kwa maola angapo.

Asayansi poyamba sanathe kumvetsetsa mmene m'tulo chinsomba nthawi zonse kusambira ndi kukhala zoyenda zonse. Tsopano bwino. Choncho asayansi anatsutsa chiphunzitso kuti zinsomba kugona ndondomeko yofanana ndi ndondomeko umene ulipo mu anamgumiwa.

Ndipo mmene Dolphins tulo? A pang'ono kale, anadziwika kuti anamgumiwa ndi zovuta zambiri kwachilengedwenso limagwirira. Ali hemispheres awiri a tulo ubongo nthawi, mogwirizana ndi amene dolphin, mosiyana China, amatha mosalekeza adikire.

za kuopsa

Ngati ali m'tulo chinsomba m'madzi? N'zovuta kulingalira, chifukwa ntchito yawo cha kapangidwe mkulu. Chifukwa chiyani?

1) Kugona tulo mu madzi, nyama ali pa chiopsezo akufa ozizira, chifukwa kutentha kwaiye thupi, mwamsanga dissipates chilengedwe. Ndipo chifukwa chakuti madzi ali apamwamba matenthedwe madutsidwe kuposa mpweya, ndi utakhazikika mu chinyama mofulumira.

2) Mosiyana nsomba, zinsomba muyenera popups nthawi kuti gawo zina za mlengalenga. Choncho, iwo ayenera kwambiri khama, kotero kuti thupi sanali kumira kwambiri. Apo ayi, pali kuthekera kumira.

3) mitundu Zing'onozing'ono wa m'madzi zimakhala (anamgumiwa ndi pinnipeds) m'maloto akhoza kukhala kapolo wa zolusa, chifukwa kulibe madzi ku malo kutetezedwa kuti pogona kwa kugona, ndi kubwera pamwamba nthawi zonse kukhala mpweya. Ndipo pali zambiri ndi kuukira zimadya.

Iwo likukhalira kuti kugona ndi mitundu ya m'madzi zimakhala, makamaka makolo awo - chiyeso.

A pang'ono za zinthu

Waukulu chidwi mfundo - umenewu kugona chinsomba. Koma pali mfundo zina zosangalatsa za nyama izi.

1. Malinga etymologists kwambiri, mawu akuti "chinsomba" lachokera ku hwal German. Koma pali maganizo kuti linachokera ku mawu akale English kutanthauza 'gudumu, monga kumbuyo kwa nyama ndi, akuchita padziko madzi, akufanana m'mphepete mwa gudumu yaikulu.

2. Mbali zinsomba ndi m'madzi zimakhala ena n'chakuti iwo ikuyenda m'madzi chifukwa michira kayendedwe vertically mmwamba ndi pansi. Izi ndi zosiyana nsombazo, amene michira pamene n'kuyamba kusambira kusuntha uku.

Pomaliza

Padangokhala pa funso mmene wopusa chinsomba, mfundo yekha anali yankho. Asanalengedwe ya sitima zapamadzi poyamba zinali zovuta kuchita maphunziro iliyonse pa moyo mu kuya kwa nyanja ndi nyanja.

Kwa nthawi yaitali maloto, ndi gulu la anamgumi amitundu kwa asayansi akhala chinsinsi. Ndipotu, chirichonse chinali chachilendo ndi zovuta.