Chipangizo ndi diso la munthu. akhungu-banga

Malo akhungu ndi malo sanakhudzidwe ndi kuyatsa pa diso. Ndi zabwinobwino Diso la munthu wathanzi. Pali malo akhungu chifukwa chipangizo achilendo wa mwana wa m'diso la. Pa malo mitsempha ulusi diso kupita pamwamba, iwo akupita ku za chamawonedwe mitsempha, ndipo nayenso, umadutsa ndi diso mbali inayo. Kudera limeneli diso lili ndi maselo kuwala ndi moyenera, saona zambiri zithunzi.

Izi zopanda nzeru Kapangidwe ka diso kufotokozera mawu chirengedwe. Cephalopods m'diso yake mawanga wakhungu ayi. Pa nyamayi Mwachitsanzo, ulusi mitsempha mitsempha chamawonedwe aumbike tsidya lina la diso. Ena akuyesetsa kupereka mafotokozedwe zomveka kwa zodabwitsazi ndi kuunikira mu mawu a zachilengedwe "chuma" mphamvu ndi zosavuta ntchito photopigments gwero la.

Pali akhungu mawanga aliyense diso, ndipo angathe kukhala symmetrical. Munthu anafikapo sadzachitanso amaona. Kuti awulule malo akhungu diso, m'pofunika ntchito yapadera mayeso fano. Komanso, ntchito ubongo likukonza ziwalo amamva la fano, chifukwa, ife tikuona chithunzi wathunthu wa chinthu popanda chopinga ndiponso Madontho.

Choncho, zipangizo diso makamaka CNS ntchito athe munthu kuganizira kuti chinthu chidwi. Kaya chidwi ndi malinga ndi zosowa, kaya chifukwa cha kukongola yapaderayi mawonekedwe, Mulimonsemo, diso labwino zimathandiza kuti apeze zofunika zithunzi zambiri onse.

Ngati tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo la diso la munthu, zikhoza kuonedwa ankakhala mu likulu la fundus ndi maganizo laling'ono, umatchedwanso fossa chapakati. Malowa ndi likulu la wokoma "zithunzi". Choncho, khalidwe yaikulu ya mzere pamaso malangizo axially pamodzi fossa chapakati ndi pakati pa mandala wa nkhaniyi.

Malo ozungulira fovea wakhala malo malo macular. Malo awa ndi udindo tsiku masomphenya ndi zabwino mtundu maganizo. Kuchotsa zotsatira macula mu kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cones retinal ndi ndodo kuonjezera zili. Iwo ndodo ndi udindo masomphenya a usiku akhale zikutanthauza mitundu wokoma. Ndiko kulondola pafupi macula ndi ndi akhungu banga. Monga tanena kale, tsamba ili ndi ufulu ndipo pa cones, ndi nkhuni. Glade kwa chamawonedwe mitsempha papilla Simungathe kuona kali konse.

diso chipangizo ndi wololera kwambiri. chipangizo Izi kuwala ali masoka mkulu magwiridwe ndi amatha kupereka kwa nainte zimene timaphunzira mu ubongo wa munthu.

Ndipotu, pamaso pa malo kuwala chachibadwa irrationality mu kapangidwe ka m'diso la munthu, omwe kwathunthu kulipidwa ndi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati fossa chapakati ndi malo chikasu ndi udindo fano momveka ndi kuzindikira bwino za kuwala, pa gawo zotumphukira wa kuthengo, otchedwa bwinobwino, mlandu ntchito kulenga maziko ndi kuonetsetsa ulamuliro wa pakati. Ndiyeno periphery akutali, ndi udindo amaonera chonse ndipo ali ndi tilinazo chodziwa kuti apamsewu. Ndi periphery furthest, zimene siziri ngakhale cheza cha kuwala, amalenga zofunika ziro-mtundu. Ndi poyambira kuyerekeza mtundu zomverera.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba malo wakhungu 1668 anafotokoza Edme Mariotte. Chifukwa cha French mfumu Louis XIV, kupezeka wakhala ngati zosangalatsa. Iye anali ndi zosangalatsa olakwika kuona anthu ake ngati popanda mitu. Panali mabuku ano popanda kugwiritsa ntchito fano la zinthu zokhudza thupi la kapangidwe ka m'diso la munthu. buku lakuti "Stalker. Akhungu banga "Victor Nochkin chitsanzo konyezimira.