Kant ndi Philosophy

Immanuel Kant ndi woyambitsa wa German chomwe zachikhalidwe. maganizo amenewa ndi pulofesa pa yunivesite ya Konigsberg.

Kant nzeru zikhoza kugawidwa m'mbali ziwiri:

• subcritical nthawi;
• yapadera nthawi.

Pa nthawi chisanadze yovuta nzeru za Kant wasonyeza kuti mavuto a chikhalidwe ndi sayansi. Pa yovuta Kant anayamba kuphunzira vuto la maganizo, zimagwirira khalidwe, asilikali a cognition, malire ake. Komanso, anali ndi chidwi mafunso maganizo, makhalidwe, nzeru chikhalidwe.

Nzeru kuweruza Kant nthawi ndi Ntchito zitatu zazikulu. Izi ndi "wunika wa Koyera Chifukwa," "wunika wa N'chifukwa" ndi "wunika la Chiweruzo".

Monga tanena mu nthawi subcritical Kant chidwi ndi mavuto wa chilengedwe sayansi. Zofunika Iye, kukhala mavuto. Ndipotu zaluso onse a Kant ndi kuti iye anali woyamba kuthana ndi mavuto onse awa ndi unalimbikitsidwa kwambiri pa chitukuko cha vutoli.

nzeru Kant ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi mfundo chosintha. Iye anati lonse wa chilengedwe chonse anatuluka yaikulu mtambo koyamba, imene inali particles ochepa. Iye anati chikhalidwe lili ndi mbiri yake ku nthawi, ndipo kuti ali ndi chiyambi ndi mapeto. Ndi chikhalidwe ichi nthawi zonse ikusintha ndiponso kusintha. Chingasinthe moyo zonse, choncho munthuyo. Mwamuna wa pa m'mphepete - ndi chifukwa zachilengedwe chirengedwe.

nzeru Kant ali lalikulu amaonekera mfundo za nthawi, izi zimaonekera chakuti iye akunena kuti malamulo makina ndi muzu awo osati kuwonjezekeredwa pa nkhaniyi. Ndi ponena pano kuti muzu iye anakhulupirira Mulungu ofunika.

m'nthawi Kant ndi anakhulupirira kutsegula tanthauzo lofanana kutsegula, amene pa nthawiyo anali Copernicus.

Kant nzeru yapadera nthawi mwachindunji ndi mavuto a chidziwitso.

Mu "The wunika wa Koyera Kuganiza" nzeru zapamwamba kuteteza lingaliro la chakuti n'zosatheka kum'dziŵa Mlengi - zikutsimikizira kuti mfundo n'zosatheka kudziwa. Iye amayika atalemba kuti dziko silingakhoze zidziwike mu malo oyamba, osati chifukwa zikusintha, ndipo chifukwa malingaliro a munthu ndi ofooka ndi Kungoti sakanatha. luso chidziwitso cha malingaliro a munthu ndi ofooka. Kant ndi transcendental nzeru limatitsimikizira kuti kupitirira ukulu, maganizo a anthu yomweyo takumana ndi zambiri zotsutsana. amenewa Kant ndi anayi. Iye anaitana antinomy awo. The antinomy woyamba kwambiri mwachindunji ndi danga yochepa, wachiwiri amatchedwa yosavuta zovuta, wachitatu - ufulu ndi causality, wachinayi - pamaso pa Mulungu.

Chifukwa watilola kutsimikizira kamodzi onse anyamata sentimentalizing. Pachifukwa ichi, maganizo, ndipo pa impasse ndi. Kant amanena kuti kuli antimony chinatsimikizira zofooka za chidziwitso luso la munthu.

Mu ntchito iyi Kant m'gulu kudziwa lokha chifukwa cha mwamtheradi aliyense ntchito chidziwitso, komanso mfundo zazikulu mfundo zomwe chidziwitso. Ali:

• chidziwitso posteriori;
• chidziwitso zolemba:
• "Zinthu okha."

Mbali yoyamba tikulankhula kupeza chidziwitso, lachiwiri - pa chiyambi. "Chinthu palokha" - ndi imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri mu nzeru lonse la Kant. Iwo ankadziwa kuti chofunika mkati sizingachititse kumvetsa maganizo a munthu.

Makamaka lodziwika ndi nzeru makhalidwe a Kant. Wafilosofi anafunsa funso otsatirawa:

• tiyenera makhalidwe owona;
• Kodi khalidwe abwino anthu.

Atalipenda, zimapangitsa mfundo zotsatirazi:

• koyera makhalidwe - onse zabwino manyazi, amene adazindikira mwa munthu monga chuma osiyana;
• makhalidwe angwiro ndi moyo weniweni ndi kukangana;
• makhalidwe sikudalira zochitika kunja.