Chifuwa mu chifuwa chachikulu: mbali ndi zizindikiro

Chifuwa chosatha sabata yaitali kuposa wina, ndipo limodzi ndi malungo. Mwina izi ndi zizindikiro za TB? Musaphwanye safuna. Pajatu singakhale ARI.

TB ndi chiyani?

Chifuwa chachikulu - matenda chifukwa cha mycobacteria, omwe amafalitsidwa mu zimakhala ndi, ladzala ndi magazi ndi oxygen. Pachifukwa ichi, koposa zonse amakhudza mapapo. Kumene, matenda kukhala ziwalo zina. Chithandizo ndi wabwino, koma pamafunika maphunziro a miyezi isanu ndi chaka, ndi zina akhoza anachedwa ndi zaka (izo zonse zimadalira mtundu wa chifuwa mu chifuwa m'mapapo mwanga). Poyamba, matenda awa ndi ambiri. Koma ndi zikamera wa chifuwa mankhwala, TB wakhala zochepa pafupipafupi. Chibwenzi, nthendayo ikupita patsogolo, monga zikamera tizilombo ta osiyana TB kwachititsa wokhazikika mankhwala. Pali matenda m'njira monga poyera ndi chatsekedwa. Mawonekedwe woyamba wa bakiteriya, ndilo chitetezo cha thupi ndi kuponderezedwa, zilibe angabweretse kuopseza aliyense kuti anthu owazungulira. Komabe, njira imeneyi mukhoza kupita poyera, ngati munthu alibe agwire mankhwalawa. Mu mawonekedwe chachiwiri, wodwala angathe matenda ena. Mawonekedwe ambiri matenda - kupuma mpweya umene anapumira kachilombo.

Amene ali pangozi kugwira TB?

Chiopsezo chachikulu ndi anthu:

• ndi chitetezo chokwanira ofooka (ana a kachilombo ka HIV);
• anthu amene nawo pafupi ndi munthu amene ali (tikukhala mu chipinda chomwecho);
• anthu amene amasamalira odwala TB (madotolo ndi anamwino);
• anthu amene ali chidakwa chosuta fodya (makamaka amene kusuta paketi oposa mmodzi wa fodya tsiku);
• amene amakhala m'misewu;
• anthu amene kumwa mowa ndi mankhwala chomwa mankhwalawa;
• anthu miyeso yawo ndi 10% zochepa kuposa zachibadwa;
• anthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa maganizo;
• anthu amene ali m'ndende.

Zimayambitsa chifuwa mu chifuwa chachikulu

thupi amatha kulimbana ndi tizilombo aliyense kuti tilowe mu ilo. Komabe, maganizo kapena kufooka chamoyo amapereka zolephera ndi amalenga yabwino kwa chitukuko cha matenda.

Ambiri njira ya malowedwe mu chamoyo wa Bacillus TB - airborne. Koma matenda sadzafika nthawi yomweyo - bakiteriya nawo kulimbikira dongosolo kupuma. ndodo Development kumachitika pamene chapamwamba airway kutupa ndi bronchial machubu.

Zimakonda matenda: sangathe chikhalidwe, kukhudzana ndi munthu amene ali, moyo zilakolako zoipa, nkhawa zakudya m'thupi ndi chitetezo chokwanira osauka. Koma chifukwa chachikulu angatchedwe chofooka m'munsi chikhalidwe ndi kulephera kuti athe kuchiritsa.

Zizindikiro za chifuwa mu chifuwa chachikulu

Chinthu choyamba kumvetsera thupi lanu ndi kulabadira kusintha kulikonse, kuti muphonye siteji koyamba za matendawa. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri chifukwa matenda oyamba mwina kuonekera ndi matenda pambuyo X-ray a m'mapapo.

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi muli zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda:

• kulimbikira chizungulire;
• mphwayi ndi ulesi;
• chosokoneza a dongosolo tulo;
• lolemera thukuta;
• amphamvu thupi pallor;
• yowala maonekedwe manyazi;
• mofulumira kuwonda;
• kusafuna kudya;
• Thupi kutentha ndi 37 ⁰ C.

Mu masiteji ina ya matenda kumaonekera bwino:

• Chifuwa chachikulu ndi choopsa chifuwa - onse youma ndi phlegm;
• tachycardia, mmene muli aakulu kupuma movutikira;
• rales osiyanasiyana mwamphamvu;
• mkulu malungo;
• gleam pamaso pake ndi wotumbululuka khungu;
• dystonia;
• imfa mofulumira kulemera kwa makilogalamu khumi kapena kuposerapo;
• maonekedwe a magazi pa expectoration;
• pakutchulidwa ululu pachifuwa.

siteji TB

Pali magawo atatu a TB m'mapapo mwanga:

1. Infection. Kumachitika kokha mu gawo kumene matenda akulowa. Kawirikawiri matenda amamva bwino, koma nthawi zina pangakhale zizindikiro koyamba matenda.
2. matenda zobisika. Malinga chitetezo anthu ali ofooka kwambiri, mabakiteriya anafalikira mofulumira thupi lonse. Choncho, iwo apanga matumba mabakiteriya TB ziwalo zosiyanasiyana.
3. Kukula kwa matendawa. Kudzikundikira mycobacteria infects mapapo, ndi bronchi anakumana ndi majeremusi ameneŵa anthu matenda.

TB

Kusiyanitsa mitundu yambiri ya matenda. Izo zimatengera mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi mmene matenda ndi oopsa.

Woyamba mawonekedwe - infiltrative. Ndi chifukwa chakuti pali kutupa mu m'mapapo anthu. Chifukwa, m'mapapo minofu zimakhala zofanana ndi kanyumba tchizi. Nthawi zina, mawonekedwe ndi asymptomatic ndi akuwonekera okha X-ray. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kutsokomola magazi, koma thanzi ambiri osati zoipa. Kawirikawiri matenda ndi kusokonezedwa ndi chibayo, chifuwa ndi chimfine.

Mawonekedwe chachiwiri amatchedwa diseminirovanoy. Ndipo chifukwa cha chakuti mabakiteriya inafikira m'magazi ndi dongosolo lymphatic. zizindikiro ndi omveka ndipo munthu aliyense ali osiyana.

Mawonekedwe lachitatu - cavernous, izo amakhala ndi pakutchulidwa wa cavities zabwino minofu ya m'mapapo. fomu iyi si kwambiri kulitchula. Ankachitira ndi mankhwala, mankhwala thupi ndi kukonzekera immunnostimuliruyuschih.

Mawonekedwe chachinayi amatchedwa fibrous. Pamene amakhudza bronchi kuwoneka ndiko kumayambitsa bronchiectasis, ndi fibrosis m'mapapo mwanga.

Mawonekedwe chachisanu amatchedwa mogwirizana ndi sekondale. Anakhudzidwa monga kuwala wosakwatiwa, kapena onse. Anthu, pali kutsokomola mu TB ndi malungo, ndi zizindikiro zina.

Nthawi zina TB popanda kutsokomola?

Only pa chiyambi cha matenda angathe popanda kutsokomola. Nthawi imeneyi, wodwala kumva ndondomeko kuledzera kuti ali mu thupi lake. Koma chifuwa limapezeka nthawi.

Mu chatsekedwa mawonekedwe a chifuwa mu chifuwa zimachokeradi.

Ngati munthu wadwala ndi TB ziwalo monga mafupa, mafupa, khungu, maso, ubongo, impso, matumbo ndi ziwalo kugonana, chifuwa Kodi osadzuka.

Kodi chifuwa mu TB?

Chifuwa amapezeka mu nkhani ya kupitilira matenda. Iye: youma (kapena limatchedwanso sanali zipatso) ndi konyowa (zipatso).

Mukaona chifuwa youma:

• TB mu siteji koyamba;
• panali kukakamiza bronchial mfundo mtengo lymph amene adakula;
• ali TB wa bronchi ndi;
• pamlandu yatsoka a chifuwa.

Ndi zotheka chifukwa ingress zakumwa (mafinya kapena zina) ndi pleura mu bronchi ndi.

Chifuwa TB ali zimayambitsa zotsatirazi:

• chitukuko mofulumira matendawa;
• mawonekedwe a matenda imbaenda ku chiwonongeko cha phapo;
• kuthandiza aakulu nonspecific matenda.

Kutsokomola matenda izi zimachitika homogeneous misa ndi colorless ndi odorless. Ngati TB ndi limodzi ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi kupuma, ndi ntchofu ndi wobiriwira, purulent, ndi fungo lakuthwa zosasangalatsa.

Zizindikiro zina za TB

Chifuwa mu chifuwa wofanana ndi expectoration magazi, zomwe ndi mbali ya mitundu ina ya TB m'mapapo mwanga. Poyamba, chifuwa mtima mpaka alipidwa magazi ofiira, patapita zipita clumps. Kutentha pa izi zimachokeradi. Komabe, ngati magazi akulowa mapapo, 90% milandu kumeneko ndi kutukusira kuti kumachitika ndi malungo.

Magazi mu mapapo yodziwika ndi maonekedwe a magazi ofiira owala, buku lake oposa 50 ml ya patsiku (kutanthauza kuti udzadutsa dongosolo kupuma). Pamene mwazi expectoration allocated osapitirira 50 ml ya patsiku. Magazi mu mapapo ndi oopsa chifukwa cha hemorrhagic mantha angayambe.

A chifuwa ndi dyspnea mu chifuwa chachikulu pa mpweya, ichi ndi chifukwa yafupika Malo m'mapapo minofu, bronchi patency ndi chatsika ntchito kuti mbali ya ubongo imene udindo kupuma lapansi.

Zikuoneka kufinya ululu umene umakhala wolimba pa gulu pang'ono.

Zimachitika lymphadenopathy.

Chifuwa ana

Chifuwa mu chifuwa ana ali mbali zotsatirazi:

• amphamvu youma;
• makamaka usiku ndi m'mawa m'kati ndipo akupitiriza kwa mwezi kuposa wina;
• Monga matenda ili m'kati kumakhaladi yonyowa pokonza ndi purulent ndi wamagazi misa;
• chifuwa limodzi ndi kufooka, chidwi, utachepa ntchito.

Pamene anasankha bwino mankhwala kusiyiratu.

Makolo ayenera kuti azitha kusiyanitsa chifuwa mu chifuwa m'mapapo mwanga kumatenda pachimake kupuma tizilombo ana, popeza ali ndi chifuwa, koma ali ndi makhalidwe ake kuti:

• Zikuoneka ndi isanayambike matenda;
• Icho chimapita kupyola masiku awiri kapena asanu;
• wochitachita, mwachitsanzo, ndi nthawi yochepa amapatsirana wouma kunyowetsa;
• yodziwika ndi malungo ndi zizindikiro zonse catarrhal;
• relieves kumwa mowa kwambiri, ndi kulandira mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa.

Njira yotchuka kwambiri kwa matenda a TB

Njira yotchuka kwambiri ya matenda monga njira x-ray, Mantoux mayeso, ndipo Diaskintest kvantiferonovy mayeso.

njira X-ray anawagawa:

• X-ray - raying. Ndi njira wotsika mtengo imene katswiri anayendela thupi la chophimba pa nthawi imene kuwalire chipangizo.
• Radiography. Ndi molondola kwambiri ndipo amamvetsera mfundo za ndondomeko zilizonse zoipa mu mapapo.
• Tomography. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji chikhalidwe cha matenda. Kulingalira tichipeza zithunzi angapo.
• Pachifuwa X-ray. Njira imeneyi ndi otchuka chifukwa ntchito kupewa chifuwachi, ayenera anayendera kamodzi pa chaka.

Mantoux mayeso ndi chida chapadera anaikapo mu thupi - tuberculin. Patapita masiku atatu, katswiri amaweruza zimene lake. Agwire matenda chaka chilichonse ana, kuyambira zaka ndi pansi khumi. Ubwino ndi mtengo, kuphweka ndi mwayi kuyesa ambiri anthu.

Pa patsogolo zimene angakhudzidwe ndi zifukwa zambiri, ndiye zotsatira adzakhala zolakwika:

• pamene mwana zowawa matenda ena, chifuwa, mwaukhondo jekeseni malo;
• kuphwanya luso, osauka khalidwe la chiphunzitso cha;
• anachita onyenga amapezeka mu kukhalapo kwa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono thupi ofanana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda TB.

Diaskintest ntchito kuti kukusalani onyenga zabwino Mantoux mayeso. Nthawi zambiri izo ntchito pa nthawi imene makolo ali ndi pakhoma. Komabe, amapereka zotsatira zabodza ngati matenda ndi pa siteji oyambirira.

Kvantiferonovy mayeso ndi njira zamakono kwambiri matenda chifukwa detects onse udakali zobisika mawonekedwe a matenda. The ntchito njira imeneyi ndiye kuti ikuchitika zasayansi, palibe chikoka cha zinthu zina. Komanso kumatha anachita onyenga ndi ntchito kaya matenda a mwanayo.

Kutsokomola kuchiza TB

Mukatero chifuwa (TB), m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti mankhwala onse atengedwa chimodzimodzi pa nthawi mosamalitsa lilibe chikudutsa phwando. Ngati mode si kulemekezedwa, kungakhale mawonekedwe a chifuwa, amene akulimbana ndi mankhwala. Kuwononga tubercle Bacillus zimatheka pamene ntchito mankhwala asanu kapena asanu.

Koma kuti odwala, safuna kudalira mankhwala. mankhwala imachitika molumikizana ndi mankhwala thupi ndi yoyendetsa mankhwala, zomwe kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira. Inu sayenera kunyalanyaza kupuma zokambirana komanso kudya zakudya zopatsa nthanzi.

Ngati nthendayo anayamba, ndiye opaleshoni bwino. Imfa mwinamwake zotheka. Ngati mankhwala ikuchitika molondola, chifuwa Mwamsanga pambuyo TB.