Ivan Lapikov: biography, mafilimu, moyo waumwini, banja

Ivan Lapikov - Wojambula wa anthu wa USSR kuyambira m'ma 50 mpaka 60 a zaka za m'ma 2000, amene adagonjetsa chikondi cha wowona zithunzi pazithunzi zovomerezeka za munthu waku Russia. Zomwe zimadziwika kuti mafilimu "Kuitana Kwamuyaya", "Kubwerera kwa Budulay", "Kukhazikika kwa Don", "Anamenyera Amayi awo".

Ivan Lapikov: biography

Banja, limene mtsogoleri wam'tsogolo anabadwira pa July 7, 1922, anali mlimi ndipo ankakhala m'dera la Tsaritsinskaya (lero lomwe ndi Volgograd dera) m'mudzi wa Gorny Balykley. Ubwana ndi achinyamata omwe adakhala m'midzi, osati ndikumva zokhudzana ndi moyo wa anthu. Banja la Lapikov linkatengedwa kuti ndi lolimba komanso lolemera m'ma 1920, chifukwa bambo a Ivan Gerasim ankadziwa momwe angayendetsere famu. Mu zaka makumi atatu, izo zinakhala "zomveka" kuti Lapikovs ankagonjetsedwa; Ikani mchimwene wamng'ono wa Gerasim ndi mkazi wake, zomwezo zinamuopseza iye. Kupulumutsidwa kwa mayankhowa kunali kutumiza Lapikovs kumudzi wina.

Zaka zachinyamata ... Zaka zankhondo ...

Ivan Lapikov anaphunzira ku Stalingrad, mumzinda womwewo anaphunzira pa fakitale ya Palace of Culture: iye adayimba balalaika mu gulu laimba la amateur ndipo adachita nawo gulu la masewero. Mu 1939 adakhala wophunzira wa Sukulu ya Kharkov Theatre, koma adakwanitsa kumaliza maphunziro awiri okha kuyambira pachiyambi cha Nkhondo Yaikulu Yachikhalidwe. Mnyamata uja adasonkhanitsidwa ku gulu la nkhondo, akukumanga zotsutsana ndi tank pafupi ndi Stalingrad. Anapatsidwa ndemanga ya "For Defense of Stalingrad" chifukwa pa nkhondo ya Stalingrad, pamene pansi pansi pa mapazi ake anatenthedwa ndi kutenthedwa, adatumiza ngalawa yopita kunyanja yopita ku Volga (kumbuyo) kwa ovulalawo. Anthu oposa zana opulumutsidwa pa nkhani ya Ivan Gerasimovich, amene kwa moyo wake wonse adakumbukira chithunzi choopsya - ambirimbiri akufa ndi olumala.

Ivan Lapikov: moyo waumwini

Mu 1941, Lapikov adalowa mu Stablerad Drama Theatre, yomwe adapereka zaka zoposa makumi awiri za moyo wake. Kumeneko, mu 1947, anakumana ndi mkazi wake wamtsogolo - Julia Fridman, yemwe anagawidwa ndi Leningrad Theatre Institute. Mnyamata uja adatha kupambana mtima wachifundo ndi chitsimikizo chodabwitsa; Ngakhale chiganizo chimene anapanga mwanjira yapachiyambi ndi chosavuta: panthawi ya kukambitsirana amavala mphete ya ukwati pa chala cha Julia.

Maudindo oyambirira a Ivan Lapikov anali opanda mawu. Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi adalimbikitsanso wachinyamata wotchuka, kuti adzakakamizika atatenga 300 trays pa siteji. Iye adapirira moleza mtima ndikuumirira mozama kuphunzira kuchokera kwa akatswiri ochita masewerawa. Pa nkhani ya Ivan Lapikov zoterezi monga "Kuthamanga", "Idiot", "Malo opindulitsa". Ndipo wojambula nthawi zonse amapanga maonekedwe a ankhondo ake omwe.

Wowonera View Ivan Lapikov, powona zithunzi zake zowonekera, akuwoneka ngati munthu wolimba komanso wolimba. Ndipotu, malinga ndi kukumbukira kwa mwana wake Elena, iye ankaseketsa kwambiri. Iye ankakonda kuchita masewera a azisudzo (ankachita nawo okalamba ali ndi zaka 20); Kuti ndiyang'ane maulendo ake, kuseka mpaka nditagwa, masewera onse adayamba kuthamanga.

Ndili ndi zofunikira pamoyo wa banja la Lapikov, poyamba zinali zovuta: tinkagona mu zisudzo, ndipo mwana wamkazi wa Lena, wobadwa mu 1950, anali mu sutikesi yokhala ndi chivindikiro chodula. Pambuyo pake anapatsidwa chipinda mu barrack, ndipo patatha zaka zambiri banja linasamukira ku nyumba yatsopano. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya makolo, agogo anga aakazi anali akuleredwa ndi Lena. Kenako banja lina linagwa mwadzidzidzi: Julia, yemwe ali ndi zaka 35, yemwe anali ndi udindo waukulu pa seŵeroli, anayamba kumvetsera. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali chisokonezo chomwe chinaperekedwa pamene adani akupha mabomba. Poyamba, mtsikanayo adabisala wogontha, akuyesa kuwerenga pa milomo. Koma ndiye kuti masewerawo adayenera kuchoka. Julia, mwachilengedwe pokhala munthu wopupuluma, kuti asamangoganizira za tsoka lodzidzimutsa, adaganiza zopita ku Moscow. Ivan Lapikov, yemwe banja lake linali ndi mwayi wonse wopatukana, anakhala chaka china ku Stalingrad, kenako anasamukira kwa mkazi wake.

Chiyambi cha filimu ya ntchito Lapikova

Izi zinali zolimbikitsa pa ntchito yake. Julia, pozindikira kuti sangathe kupitiriza kusewera pamasitepe, anakhaladi mtsogoleri wa Lapikova; Anamuuza kuti azipita kumalo osungiramo mafilimu ndi mafilimu. Mu 1961, wojambulayo adayambitsa filimuyo "Ulendo wa Zamalonda", ndipo kuyambira mu 1963 adalowa mu gulu la Theatre-Studio. Ivan Lapikov, filimu yomwe ili ndi maudindo oposa khumi ndi awiri, adadziwika kwambiri atatulutsa filimu ya Alexey Saltykov "Chairman" ndi Ulyanov ndi Mordyukova, kunjenjemera m'dziko lonselo. Mu gawo la Mbewu - mchimwene wa munthu wamkulu Yegor Trubnikov (Mikhail Ulyanov) - Ivan Lapikov analankhula, amene mbiri yake ili yofanana ndi ya munthu aliyense wamba. Filimuyo inali yeniyeni, yowonetsa ntchito yodalitsika ya Soviet anthu panthawi yobwezeretsa ulimi wodzala nkhondo. Ichi ndi chiwonetsero cha mafilimu ponena za tsoka la anthu a ku Russia, omwe nkhondoyo sinathe mu 1945, koma patapita nthawi. Wotsogolera olumala ndi amasiye amene amuna awo anamenyedwa pankhondo-anthu awa, posonyeza zofunikira zenizeni ndi mzimu wa anthu athu, adayesa kubweretsa moyo wolemala kuti ukhale wabwino pakadali kosauka.

Sindili ngati woyang'ana mwachizolowezi wowonera ...

Mu 1966 pa zojambulazo panali filimu "Andrei Rublev" wolemba filimu Andrei Tarkovsky. Mu filimu iyi Lapikov adalandira udindo wapadera - Monk Cyril. Akamera amene adawombera filimuyi nthawi zina adadandaula kuti sizinali zophweka ndi Ivan Lapikov. Wochita masewerowa ankadziwika kwambiri ndi ntchitoyo ndipo adalowa mkati mwake, yomwe inaphwanya malamulo a kuwombera, nthawi zambiri imadutsa pamtunda - zonse chifukwa cha kusunthika moona mtima ndi kodalirika. Inde, Ivan Lapikov, biography yemwe banja lake nthawizonse wakhala likukhudzidwa ndi wowonayo, ndi munthu yemwe owona amayamba kukhulupirira kuchokera mphindi yoyamba. Kunja mdziko labwino, osasunthika ku dziko la cinema ndikuyang'ana pa chinthu chake, wokondana, wochita sewero sankakhala ngati wojambulayo mwachizolowezi. Udindo umene adasewera ndi anthu osavuta, anthu osauka komanso ogwira ntchito, kuti azitha kugwira bwino ntchito pawindo la Ivan Lapikov - munthu wochokera pansi pano, kuchokera ku mizu, momwe chida chonse cha Russia chinkawonekera - sichinali chovuta.

Pambuyo pa "Kuitana Kwamuyaya" ndi "Andrei Rublev" Ivan Gerasimovich anali kale mbuye wodziwika. Kwa zaka 40 za ntchito pa nkhani ya Ivan Lapikov zojambula zoposa 70. Zina mwa ntchito zomwe zimadziwika bwino kwa wowona ndi izi:

• Udindo wa Boris Krayushkin mu "Minute of Silence" - sewero lotchuka lachikondi la Igor Shatrov,
• Malume Kolya mu filimuyo "Home Yathu",
• Mu filimuyi "Kuitana Kwamuyaya" - Pankrat Nazarov,
• Chekist mu filimu yotchuka "Za abwenzi-anzanga"
• Blacksmith Zhemov mu "Achinyamata a Peter,
• Oyang'anira a Poprischenko mu "Anamenyera nkhondo amayi awo"
• Mwamuna wachikulire wosawona mu mbiri ya mbiriyakale ya Boris Godunov,
• Agogo aakazi a "Bwerani ku Budulay", "
• General Yermakov mu mndandanda wa kanema wa "My Destiny".

Ndiwotani wotani anali mu moyo?

M'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku Lapikov anali wodzichepetsa: asodzi wothandizira, amathera nthawi yake yonse pamtsinje wa mtsinje ndi ndodo yosodza. Atatulutsidwa "Anamenyera Amayi awo" onse ochita masewerawa adayitanidwa ku "kabati", komwe adapatsidwa phindu. Winawake anapempha dacha, galimoto, nyumba; Chikhumbo cha Lapikov chinali kusodza malo oletsedwa. Ankawamvera chisoni kwambiri anthu ena, ankatha kunena za anecdote, kuseketsa, kumvetsera nyimbo za gypsy. Pa ntchitoyi, adadzikonda yekha, sanakambirane ndi wina aliyense.

Malinga ndi mfundo za Ivan Gerasimovich zomwe sizikukhudzanso thanzi lake. Anatha kupirira kupweteka mpaka kumapeto, popanda kuwauza aliyense za izo. Choncho anadwala matenda a sitiroko, kenako matenda a mtima, iye anali ndi ziwalo za thupi. Lapikov anakana kupita kuchipatala, mkazi wake anamusiya pasanathe chaka.

Anamenyera nkhondo dziko lake!

Mtima wofooka unalephera Ivan Lapikov mu 1993. Wochita masewerawa ankada nkhawa kwambiri ndi kugwa kwa Soviet Union. Ataitanidwa ndi Sergei Bondarchuk kuti akambirane, Ivan adzalankhula pamaso pa asilikali a usilikali ndikuwauza mawu ofunika. Koma, mwachiwonekere, analibe nthawi. Pa nthawi ya kulankhula kwake Ivan Lapikov anamwalira. Anamuika m'manda ku Moscow pamanda a Vagankovskoye. M'dziko lakwasula mu 2002, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale inatsegulidwa m'mudzi wa Gorny Balakley.

Ivan Lapikov sankasewera tsogolo, adali mwa iye yekha: tsoka la adani, tsoka lopweteka la anthu osavuta a ku Russia a dziko lake. Mwina, chifukwa chake, kuchokera kuntchito yake mu "Kuitana Kwamuyaya" kumakhala kokongola kwambiri. Ndi wojambula, koma osati wina yemwe akuwonetserako masewera ndi mafilimu amatha kudziyerekezera ndi kudziyerekezera. Mawu ake, chifaniziro chake, maso ake nthawizonse amagwirizana ndi zomwe Ivan ankafuna kunena, zomwe anali kuganizira. Anadziŵa kwambiri ndi kusewera anthu wamba. Amene akulima, kufesa, kumenya, kufa, kumenyera nkhondo dziko lawo.