Indian rhinoceroses: kufotokoza, malo, chithunzi

Aliyense amadziwa kuti njovu ndi cholengedwa chachikulu padziko lapansi. Ndani, ndiye, anapatsidwa malo achiwiri mndandanda wa zinyama zazikulu? Ali woyenera kugwira ntchito ndi a Indian Indian rhinoceros, omwe pakati pa congeners ake ndi mtsogoleri woposa kukula kwake. Womwe akukhala ku Asia amatchedwa bhinja kapena nkhono.

Mphamvu yolemera yamtundu umodzi imakantha ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi mphamvu. Mukamayang'ana, zikuwoneka kuti mukuwona mbadwa ya dziko lakalekale. Ndimaoneka ngati chimphona, chimphona komanso chopanda nzeru mu zida zankhondo, ngati kuli kotheka, zimatha kukula mofulumira kufika makilomita 40 / h. Iye amamva bwino kwambiri ndipo panthawi ya ngozi akhoza kusuntha mofulumira kwambiri. Chilengedwe chodabwitsa cha ma rhinoceros achi India ! Kodi chozizwitsa choterechi chimakhala kuti, chimadyetsa bwanji, chimachulukitsa bwanji? Mudzapeza mayankho a mafunso awa m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi ma rhinoceros achi India amawoneka motani?

Nkhondo za Indian Indian Army, chithunzi chimene mungathe kuchiwona m'nkhaniyo, monga tanenera kale, ndi chirombo chachikulu. Kulemera kwa akuluakulu kungathe kufika pa matani 2.5 ndi zina zambiri. Kutalika, amuna amakula kufika mamita awiri m'mapewa. Zilombozi ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi kulemera kwake. Khungu lawo ndi khola, lomwe lili pamadera ambiri a thupi ndipo liri, mwa njira, mbali ya khalidwe ili. Amayang'ana patali ngati akuvala zida, choncho dzina la zinyamazi.

Khungu la mabanju liri losavala, lofiira-lofiira, ngakhale kuti ndizosatheka kuzindikira mtundu uwu. Chinthuchi ndikuti ma Indian rhinoceroses amangofuna "kusambira" m'madzi. Kuchokera m'madzi osambira, thupi la nyama liri ndi matope.

Mabala akuluakulu ophwanyika amanyamula tizirombo. Ndipo pa mapewa ake khola lakuya likuwonekera, kumbuyo kumbuyo. Pamakutu ndi mchira zikuwoneka mabulosi ang'onoang'ono a tsitsi lolimba.

Masomphenya mu nthendayi ndi ofooka kwambiri ndipo maso awo ndi ochepa. Kawirikawiri amayang'ana ndi kugona tulo ndi mawu okhumudwa. Ndipo lipenga, ndithudi, limakhala ngati chokongoletsa chachikulu cha nyama. Zitha kufika kutalika kwa 50-60 masentimita, koma ambiri omwe amaimira mitunduyi sali oposa 25-30 cm. Mwa akazi, chokongoletsera choterechi chimakhala ngati chingwe chokwera pamphuno.

Kuti atetezedwe kwa adani, nyanga siyi yokhayo yeniyeni ya ziphuphu. Nsagwada zawo zamkati zimakhala ndi zida zamphamvu, zomwe nyamazo zimatha kuvulaza mabala awo pamsampha.

Kumene mungapeze mahatchi achi Indian

Ulamuliro wa ku Ulaya wa ku Asia unayambitsa maonekedwe a azisaka oyera ndi mfuti. Mbalame za Indian rhinoceroses zinakhala ngati zosavuta kuzifufuza. Kuwombera kosalamulirika kwa nyamazi kunachititsa kuti amuna onse okongola apite kumalo opanda ufulu. Inu mukhoza kuwawona iwo tsopano mu malo osungira. Ndiponso, zochepa za nyama izi zimapezeka m'malo ovuta kufika.

Mzinda wa mbiri yakale wa ziphuphu zankhondo ndi waukulu kwambiri. Koma m'masiku amasiku ano zimphonazi zimakhala kum'mwera kwa Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal ndi East India. M'madera onsewa nyamazi zimakhala m'malo osungiramo malo, kumene zimatetezedwa kwambiri. Kumtchire popanda kuyang'anitsitsa, zimphona zina zimapezeka mu chigawo cha Pakistani cha Punjab, kumadera akutali a Bangladesh ndi madera akumidzi a India.

Moyo wa kuthengo

Mahinje amwenye amachititsa moyo wawokhaokha. Iwo sali kwenikweni ogwirizana ndi amzanga. Mukhoza kuwona malo amodzi ndi mahinki awiri pamene akusamba m'madzi, akusambira. Koma ndizofunika kuti zimphonazi zifike kumtunda, monga kusungulumwa kumasintha, ndipo kumalo ake kumabwera nkhanza komanso osakonda. Kawirikawiri pambuyo pa nthawi yosamba, nyama zimakonza zokangana pakati pawo, pamene zikulandira mabala aakulu ndi zipsera za moyo.

Nyama iliyonse imateteza malo ake (pafupifupi 4000 m²), yomwe imapanga milu yambiri ya manyowa. Pamalo a nyamayo ndi kanyumba kakang'ono kapena kanyumba kakang'ono. Zolondola pamene chirombocho chiri ndi mbali ya gombe la dziwe lalikulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nyama yaikuluyi ikhoza kusambira bwino ndikutha kusambira ngakhale mitsinje yambiri.

Ma fiancino a ku India "amalankhula" sizimveka bwino, koma zimphonazi zili ndi malamulo awo oyankhulana. Ngati chinyama chimasokonezedwa ndi chinachake, chimatulutsa mfuu. Zinyama zikadya bwino, nthawi ndi nthawi zimakhala zosangalatsa. Kumveka komweko kumamveka kuchokera kwa mayi, yemwe amanyamulira ana ake. Pakati pa nyengo yochezera, mkaziyo amamvekanso ndipo amadziwika ndi mfuu yapadera. Ngati nthata ikumana ndi vuto lalikulu, imavulazidwa kapena kugwidwa, kenako imalira mofuula.

Kodi makoswe amadya chiyani?

Mahatchi a nyanga imodzi amatanthauza zinyama. Pamalo odyetserako ziweto, nthumwi za mitunduyi zimakonda kupita m'mawa ndi madzulo, pamene kutentha sikumasokoneza. Pakati pa dzuwa amatenga madzi osambira, kusamba m'madzi kapena madzi. Kawirikawiri zakudya ndi madzi zimagwirizana, nyama zimadyetsa mwachindunji m'madzi, popanda zomwe zimangokhalako.

Mndandanda wa ma rhinoceros a Indian ndi udzu wa njovu ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Nyama zimadya chakudya chotere mothandizidwa ndi milomo yakumtunda, yotchinga. Mitengo yamadzi imaphatikizidwanso mu zakudya za zimphona izi.

Kubalanso

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mzimayi amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi ali ndi zaka zitatu. Ndi iye yemwe amatsata mwamuna pa nthawi yovuta. Zimachitika mu nyongolosi iliyonse miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Amuna ali okonzeka kubala kuchokera zaka 7-8 zokha.

Mimba yamayi imatenga miyezi 16.5. Ng'ombeyo imabadwa imodzi yokha, koma makamaka yayikulu, kulemera kwake kumapanga 60 mpaka 65 makilogalamu. Amawoneka ngati nkhumba kuposa nkhono zofanana - zofanana komanso ngakhale ndi nkhope yomweyo. Pano pano pali zizindikiro zonse zosiyana siyana, kupatulapo lipenga, perekani mwa mwana yemwe ali mu ufumu wa ziphuphu.

Anthu

Panthawi ya ukapolo, ma rhinoceroses a Indian amatha kupulumuka zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri (70), zakutchire zoterezi sizichitika. Poyerekeza ndi a Javanese ndi a Sumatran, mabomba a zida zankhondo amaonedwa kuti ndiwo mtundu wopambana, oimira ake pafupifupi anthu 2500.

Komanso, chiwerengero chawo chikuwonjezeka. Komabe, ngakhale kuti zikuoneka bwino, a Indian indian rhinoceros (buku lofiira limatsimikizira izi) limaonedwa kuti liri mitundu yowopsya ndipo ikuyenera kutetezedwa.