Indian nkhondo njovu: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Mu East nthawi yaitali nkhondo njovu anali mmodzi wa asilikali. Ndi magulu awa anali miyambo kwambiri ndipo apita yekha mkubwela kwa masiku ano.

Nkhani ya njovu

Choyamba nkhondo njovu anali kuŵetedwa ntchito zolinga asilikali India. Ndipo izo zinachitika kalekale, mwina mu woyamba Zakachikwi BC. Foinike ntchito Indians ankaweta nyama zopezeka mu Africa North. Tikumbukenso kuti makamu wakale wa njovu a tsopano zinatha ndikutanthauza Africa North. Iwo anali n'chochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi odziwika Indian nyama. Ambiri, zimakhala zovuta kulingalira kuti kumbuyo kwa njovu anaikidwa nsanja patatu. Elephants ankagwiritsa ntchito mu masiku amenewo mu ntchito ndi zolinga nkhondo. Kumenya nkhondo unatengedwa pa toyesa lalikulu.

Amene ankatsutsa njovu?

Mu India wakale njovu anamasulidwa ndi asilikali okwera pamahatchi, monga akavalo amaopa nyama zikuluzikulu. Elephants anafola mwa file umodzi pa intervals wa mamita makumi atatu Chrixitu. Pambuyo anabwera oyenda pakati. Dongosolo lonse akufanana khoma ndi turrets. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti ziweto sanali otetezedwa ndi zipangizo chilichonse. Koma awo molemera chokongoletsedwa ndi mitundu yonse ya zokongoletsa zitsulo ndi nsalu wofiira.

Ndipo kotero chimodzimodzi nkhondo njovu anali adani oopsa kwambiri. Ngati zinthu bwino, iwo angathe kuwononga kwambiri kwa mdani. Koma ngati mdani yekha ndi ochenjera ndi aluntha, izo zikhoza kusokoneza nyama, kenako amayamba chisokonezo ndi chisokonezeko. Imeneyi, njovu akhoza peretoptat mzake. Ndipo chotero amayamikira luso luso ndi kasamalidwe ka nyama galimoto. Ndithu Indian akalonga kuphunzitsidwanso maziko.

Indian nkhondo njovu

Elephant ndi lonse lankhondo unit wa yekha ndi anthu ena atatu. Mmodzi wa anthu ogwira ntchito chinali drover (zoona, dalaivala), wachiwiri - ndi chowombelera, ndi wachitatu - wauta kapena nthungo zibuluma. Drover anali pa khosi la nyama. Koma mivi pa nsana kubisala kufupi zishango kuwala. Drover anali kuona kuti zinthu flanks wa nyama sanali kufikako adani. The chowombelera likhalebe kuponya nkhondo.

Komabe, chida chachikulu komabe anali bishopu. Iye yekha mantha mdani. Komanso, nyama anatha kupondaponda anthu, kupha tusks wamphamvu ndi thunthu moyo.

nyama armament

Waukulu kuwononga chinthu anali kuopa njovu nkhondo nyama afotokozerane pa anthu ndi maganizo anga. A mbali yofunika nyimbo ndi mphamvu zawo zoopsa. Nthawi zina Indian nkhondo njovu anali malupanga. Koma tiyeni iwo kusunga thunthu konsekonse chida ndi maganizo oipa kwambiri. Popeza thunthu - si dzanja, nyama sanathe kulimbana ndi malupanga. Koma zida zina njovu ntchito mwaluso. Pakuti tusks lalifupi anavala nsonga zakuthwa zachitsulo, potero anakafika iwo. Ndi chida ntchito ndi nyama see kwambiri.

Ndi Ahelene, pamodzi ndi njovu ndi mafumu awo anali mwatsatanetsatane ndi njira yomanga nyama nkhondo, komanso mafashoni kwa zokongoletsa zawo zapamwamba. Kuti zida izi zonse Makedoniya ndi Ahelene anawonjezera turret, anatseka zishango, adalira, onyamula mauta ndi mikondo. Kamodzi mbisoweka pansi pa nkhonya ya boma Agiriki wa Parthians ndi Aroma, azungu pafupifupi sanalinso pa omenyera nkhondo ndi njovu nkhondo.

Ntchito njovu mu Ages Middle

Mu Middle Ages ntchito njovu pafupifupi dera lonse la Asia - kuchokera China ku Iran, ku India ku Arabia. Komabe, njira za ntchito yawo anasintha pang'onopang'ono. Mu nthawi ya oyambirira Ages Middle , Indian ndi Persian nkhondo njovu anali pa mankhwala mdani lonse, kenako, lachiwiri Zakachikwi BC, nyama mwina ankaimba udindo wa m'malinga yam'manja.

Zimene kupulumuka nkhondo za nthawi ndi njovu alibe zithunzi wamagazi kuukira misa njovu. Kawirikawiri, njovu anamanga akukhudzidwa mzere ndi tiyeni kokha nthawi yovuta kwambiri panthawi yochepa kuukira. Makamaka, nkhondo njovu anachita ntchito kayendedwe, atanyamula zipangizo chachikulu kuwaza kapena oponya mivi. zithunzi zofanana amasonyeza mwatsatanetsatane pa ziboliboli za m'ma akhumi. Palinso anali njovu ndi ntchito yolemekezeka kwambiri.

Ntchito njovu monga kayendedwe kwa atsogoleri wolemekezeka

akuluakulu onse (Chibama Indian, Vietnamese, Thai, Chinese), monga ulamuliro, anakhala pa nyama. Koma Mongol Khan, anagonjetsa Korea m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu, akhakhala turret, umene unali pa njovu awiri.

Kumene njovu anali yabwino kwa kazembe, chifukwa kuchokera kumwamba ndi iye akanakhoza patali mokwanira kuti kafukufuku kumunda, ndipo iye ankatha kuona kutali. Pankhani ya kulephera nkhondo amphamvu nyama tikhoza kupanga zonyamula lake akhala akutayirapo dothi la amuna ndi akavalo.

Nthawi imeneyi zida za njovu sanasinthe, koma anali ulemerero, osati chitetezo asilikali. Izo zinali kokha mu chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi - zaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu, wa ambuye Indian anayamba zida nyama, wopangidwa mwa mbale zitsulo chikugwirizana ndi mphete.

Ku Asia, tinayambitsa nsanja wapadera kwa anthu ogwira ntchito, koma chifukwa asilikali sanangokhala kukhala kumbuyo kwa nyama, komanso kuima. ankhondo Muslim ku Iran ndi ku Central Asia ndi Anamanganso nsanja zofanana, complementing turrets awo ndi zishango ndipo ngakhale okhetsedwa.

kuipa njovu

Ine ndiyenera kunena, monga nkhondowo Pet njovu anali mmodzi drawback kwambiri. Iwo anali kuvutitsa. Mosiyana ndi akavalo, iwo sanafune kupita mwakhungu kwa mabwana ake. Elephant Ndipotu kusamala kwambiri nyama. Iye sadzakhala kudumpha m'phompho ngati kavalo kwa mtsogoleri wawo. Nyama wochenjera angaganize kawiri asanati inu kuchita chinachake.

Elephant drover anamvera osati chifukwa cha mantha, koma ubwenzi. Mu nyama zimenezi, palibe mfundo Ulamuliro. Komanso, aliyense bishopu ankatsogoleredwa osati wa dalaivala, komanso mtsogoleri wawo. Choncho, nyama kumenyana ndithu mozindikira, iwo amasiyana kumene zawo, ndi kumene akunja. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo, nyama zanzeru sakonda pachiswe poponya.

Iwo chikanapitirizidwira kuthana chiwerengero cha oyenda, koma sanatero poponya. Tifulumizane njovu oyenda zinali zovuta kwambiri, ngati anthu samadziwa adagawana pamaso pawo, nyama chabe adasakabve mwanjira bwino njira yake. Iwo likukhalira kuti nyama nkhondo, kani, anapereka cholepheretsa zotsatira sayambitsa kuwonongeka kwenikweni. Sindinathe kutsindikiza kuphunzitsa njovu moto kapena amuna onyamula zida.

Akukhulupirira kuti Indian nkhondo njovu, amene mbiri chidwi kwambiri ndi zachilendo, anaukira kokha chifukwa chofuna kuchita chinachake osangalatsa kwambiri drover, koma nkhondowo chisangalalo iwo simunayambe anati. Ndipo, komabe, izo sanali kutanthauza chikhumbo kupita chiopsezo zosafunika pachiswe yekha kapena wokwera wake. Njovu yabwino chitetezo imatengedwa zotheka mwamsanga kuti achotse mahouts awo mavuto.

Pali umboni kuti pamaso kumenyera ufulu kulimbamtima nyama anapatsidwa vinyo kapena mowa, tsabola ndi shuga. Pa dzanja lina, ndi chodziwikiratu motere zingakhudze nyama kale mopepuka anatha. Ambiri mwina, asilikali njovu Inagwira akukokomeza kwambiri Komabe chidwi ndi mfundo za ntchito ya nyama zolinga zachilendo. Oterowo luso anthu sangathe gombeli.

Monga kuyenera njovu nkhondo?

Kodi njovu yaitali nkhondo ankagwiritsanso ntchito asilikali, nthawi yomweyo anayamba kufufuza njira kutsutsa iwo. Mu Middle Ages onse Amwenye yemweyo amene ankakhala m'dera la Marwar, anabweretsa mtundu wapadera wa akavalo. Chinyama ntchito ndi njovu. Panali chotero nkhondowo tsenga pamene kumenyana kavalo ankavala makungwa yabodza. Elephants kutenga nawo njovu yaing'ono ndipo sanafune kuti aukire. Nthawiyi akavalo ophunzitsidwa anakhala ziboda kutsogolo pa mphumi ya nyama zazikulu ndi wokwera anapha mkondo pursuer.

Asuri anachita musawope kumenyana nyama, iwo apanga njira kwa neutralizing iwo. ofunika kwambiri kumenyana galu anali ayipanga, amene anatuluka pa munda wa nkhondo zida. Mmodzi nyamayo neutralizes wokwera pa kavalo, ndi agalu atatu akhoza n'chongoletsa njovu.

Agiriki zambiri mofulumira kwambiri anaphunzira n'chongoletsa nyama zamphamvu, undercutting thunthu ndi tendons mu miyendo. Choncho kwathunthu disabling iwo. mfundo yakuti mmodzi wa amene anavulazidwa mwendo nyama amamchititsa kuti kugona m'mimba ake. Ndipo mu chikhalidwe ichi, tingathe kumaliza, aliyense. Kupewa kuvulala choterechi Thailand asilikali wapadera kulondera miyendo ya nyama. Pa udindo wa womenya anatenga anthu amene sanali wolemekezeka kokwanira kumenyana pa kavalo, koma nzeru zokwanira kuteteza nyama.

Hannibal nkhondo njovu

zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo wotchuka mtsogoleri wa asilikali (Carthaginian) Hannibal anawoloka Alps ndi ankhondo ake n'kuloŵerera Italy. Choona chidwi ndi gawo la asilikali ake analowa njovu. Komabe, ofufuza akadali kukangana ngati nyama zochitika zenizeni, kapena izo zangokhala nthano wokongola. Limodzi la mafunso ali, kodi kuchokera Carthaginians akanakhoza kutenga nyama. Mwina, izi zikhoza kukhala zinatha pa mphindi njovu ku Africa North.

Mu zolembedwa za mbiri yakale anasunga zokhudza mmene asilikali Hannibal ankawoloka njovu mtsinjewo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, iwo anamanga Hiramu anatumiza wapadera sankalimbana nafe Kupeza iwo mbali zonse za pamtunda. Iwo n'kuwaza nthaka yesezera njira, ndi khutu zinyama. Komabe, nyama zina adakali mantha, nagwa m'madzi, koma anapulumutsidwa chifukwa cha thunthu yaitali.

Nthawi zambiri, kusintha unapatsidwa kwa nyama kwambiri, chifukwa n'kovuta kupita, ndi m'mapiri asalole chakudya. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, anapulumuka nyama imodzi yokha. Komabe, izi ndi umboni anecdotal.

Kutha kwa ntchito nkhondowo njovu

Kwambiri zolimba nkhondo njovu anali nawo mu masiku a maonekedwe a zida zankhondo. Kuyambira pamenepo, iwo akhala kwambiri moyo chandamale. Pang'onopang'ono anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito monga mphamvu samatha.

Mpaka kalekale asiye ntchito yawo pa cholinga cha nkhondo kuyambira Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. ndege zoponya anatembenuka nyama mu mulu wa nyama wamagazi. Mwina otsiriza mu 1942 ntchito njovu ku Burma mbali ya asilikali a ku Britain. Kuyambira pamenepo, nyama anapita pa holide.

m'malo epilogue ndi

Nyama zimenezi amunamuna zikugwirizananso ndi masewera odziwika "Nkhondo Mpandowachifumu." Nkhondo njovu moyo imeneyi mu mawonekedwe a gulu lankhondo. Izi ndiAmene lingaliro la masewera anabwera, ngati likukhalira, osati popanda chifukwa, chifukwa kumbuyo nyama kwenikweni asilikali maziko.