Harbin zokopa. History of Harbin

mzinda Chinese ndi mizu Russian - kotero watchulidwa Harbin. Asayansi amati, Popereka umboni watsopano mfundo inayake ya view. A ulendo kuti Harbin mosasintha otchuka ndi Russia.

nkhani

Pali mfundo ziwiri zazikulu za view wachibale m'munsi mwa mzinda. Asayansi Russian kuti Harbin anakhazikitsidwa monga kuthetsa kwa omanga Chinese East Railway. Pa nkhani imeneyi tsiku la maonekedwe a mzinda ndi 25 May chaka cha 1898. Akatswiri Chinese amanenanso kuti mpaka ku nthawi iyi mu malo Harbin anali mudzi, kotero kuti chaka chimenechi mukhoza akulumikiza chiyambi chabe "Russian" nthawi. Mikangano pa mbali zonse milandu yambiri lekani, koma kukana chakuti mbiri kuposa theka zaka kunagwirizana kwambiri mzinda ndi Russia, monga zachilendo.

Choncho, ntchito yomanga CER ndi mwamphamvu zogwirizana kumpoto kwa China ndi dziko loyandikana nalo, zofooketsa Impact kuno ku Europe ndi Japan. Choncho, maonekedwe a sitima, anakhala nkhaniyo osati zomangamanga kwambiri monga ndondomeko. Ndithudi, iye chikugwirizana Siberia ndi Far East ndipo wasanduka mtsempha wamagazi zofunika zoyendera koma dzina kuumitsa ubale ndi China, nawonso kukhala cholinga sekondale.

Poyamba, anthu, olankhula zinenero zosiyana, anakakhala Harbin payokha. The mbali Russian anatsegula masukulu awo, zolemba zonse anali "wamkulu ndi wamphamvu", ngakhale zomangamanga ndi mochititsa wosiyana chigawo chachiwiri. Zotsatira anapitiriza pambuyo October zisinthe, amene wapanga mzinda malo emigration mu Asia. Mwa njira, nthawi ina, pafupi anakhala Soviet - chiyambi cha kugalukira ndi, anauziridwa ndi Bolshevik okonda, mwamsanga kuletsedwa.

Popeza m'ma XX atumwi, osamuka anayamba kuchoka Harbin, kusiya kumbuyo kwa Russia kapena m'mayiko ena. yofunika kwambiri imeneyi, mwina ankaimba kuchuluka Chinese udali alendo - Russian si nthawi zonse zinthu molondola ndi makamu. Koma chifukwa chachikulu chinali kugulitsa Japan, mbali Soviet za chuma mu mzinda.

modernity

Tsopano mzindawo unali yosiyana. Palibe anapereka chakuti mbiri ya Harbin anali kugwirizana ndi "akuulu", monga Soviet Union ntchito kutchedwa Chinese. Kodi chiwerengero cha alendo, kuphatikizapo okamba Russian amachuluka.

Modern Harbin ndi likulu la Heilongjiang Province ili kumpoto kwa China. anthu ake ndi pafupifupi mamiliyoni 10 anthu, ngakhale zikuchepa chokhala ndi nyengo ndi nyengo nkhanza. Ndi yofunika zachuma ndi mafakitale likulu la China. Ndipo iye - wotchuka kwambiri pakati alendo Russian. Choncho, chimene amapereka apaulendo kuti Harbin?

zowoneka

Ngakhale kuti "Russian nthawi" ya mbiri yaitali pa, koma anazindikira chinachake wokondedwa kuti maonekedwe a mzinda. Kwambiri wawonongedwa, koma ena nyumba anakhalabe labwinobwino:

• Chapakati Street (Zhong Dojo). Oyenda zone kutalika 1.4 Km ndi kowonera zakale kwenikweni mu Nyumba lotseguka. Iwo yodzaza kwambiri chifukwa ngakhale akumeneko kwambiri amakonda kuyenda.
• Mpingo wa Hagia Sophia. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ochepa nyumba yosala Orthodox mu Harbin. Mkati, koma palibe akufanana ndi zonse mpingo - anasonyeza zithunzi za zimene "Russian" nthawi mu mbiri ya mzinda.
• Latsopano Sunagoge. White emigration ku Russia, kumene, anaphatikizapo Ayuda. Ndipo nyumba iyi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, kuwauza za moyo wawo Harbin. Nearby komanso ndi Sunagoge wakale ndi sukulu Ayuda.
• TV Tower. "Chinjoka" - dzina la nyumba iyi. Ndi apamwamba zitsulo nsanja Asia kumpoto. Pamwamba ndi odyera Kukhazikika mukukonzeratu, ndi amene sachita amasirira view wokongola kwa zenera, mukhoza kupita pa denga.
• Sunny Island. Pali paki, womwe uli ngati kwambiri pitani kwa anthu a m'deralo kujambulidwa banjalo. Palinso selo mapuloteni, agwape ndi dziwe ndi akamba.
• Park akambuku. Izi nyama wokongola m'dziko palibe kwambiri, ndi ofunika kwambiri mwayi kuwawona iwo mu malo awo zachilengedwe atakwera mu basi kwathunthu akachita a m'dera limeneli. Mukhoza kudyetsa nyama, kotero pitani malo izi ndi zedi.

Zikwi la alendo kubwera chaka chilichonse Harbin. Zokopa iwo pitani, mu nthawi kubwezeretsa, ambiri kubwerera kuno kachiwiri. Osati ntchito osachepera mu izi ankaimba zikondwerero za pachaka.

zochitika

Imodzi mwa ntchito chidwi kwambiri alendo osati Harbin, komanso onse a China, ndi wotchuka chikondwerero cha chisanu ndi chisanu, imene Chaka chilichonse. Mbiri ya holide imeneyi amabwerera zaka zitatu, koma posachedwapa kungoti amamuonera lonse panopa.

15 000 Osema ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana chaka chilichonse oyambirira December, kubwera kwa Harbin kusonyeza luso lawo, amene mwamanga Mwachitsanzo, zinayi mita chosema kapena Nyumbayi ndi wamtali nyumba ya nsanjika zinayi. Kutsegula boma la chikondwererocho unachitikira pa January 5. Mpaka za m'ma February, onse Sunny Island kwasanduka weniweni yozizira ochititsa chidwi. N'zosadabwitsa kuti maulendo yozizira kuti Harbin wotchuka kwambiri, ndi apaulendo ofunitsitsa kupirira ndi flights yaitali chisanu ndi kuti pano.

Komabe, izi si chochitika chokha chimene chimakopa anthu ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mayiko Beer Chikondwerero mu August, ndi July Music mpikisano, ndi nyali Chikondwerero ndi Chinese Chaka Chatsopano - zonsezi ndi woyenera kukaona Harbin. Zokopa, ndithudi, ndi chidwi, koma zokongola chochitika pachaka chochitika chachikulu.

Zokopa anthu oyandikana nawo

m'mizinda ikuluikulu pafupi Harbin ayi, koma zimenezo sizitanthauza kuti kuyenda kunja kwa mzindawo sikuthandiza. Osati kutali pali ski m'madera zikuluzikulu kusonkhanitsa zambiri kwambiri okonda masewera. Chifukwa cha zosangalatsa yozizira chifukwa china kukaona Harbin. Zokopa, zosawoneka ku Ulaya, zotchipa, yaikulu kayendedwe zopezera - alendo ochokera Kummawa ndi kusankha chabwino kwa onse lalifupi ndi lalitali zokwanira ulendowo.

zomangamanga

Anthu ambiri a ku Ulaya m'dzikoli pafupifupi lonse Asia - ndi Far East. Cities ali pafupi, kotero inu akanaganiza ku Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky kuti Beijing akhoza anafika pa basi. Ndithudi, izo siziri. Ndi pafupi ndi Harbin Russian m'mizinda ikuluikulu - Vladivostok - ndi pafupifupi 500 makilomita.

Komabe, pofika apa liri lofewa, chifukwa mzinda ndi mayendedwe lalikulu likulu. Harbin ( "Taiping" ndege) kulandira ndege makampani padziko lonse, monga "Aeroflot", Air France, KLM, Air China ndi ena ambiri. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa aviagavaney waukulu kwambiri kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa dziko.

Apa pali siteshoni chachikulu, kudzera yomwe imaphunzitsa kuti m'mizinda yambiri Chinese. Posacedwapa izo zakonzedwa bungwe njira mkulu-liwiro ku Kazakhstan. Choncho, chitukuko cha zomangamanga zoyendera mu Harbin ili pachimake.