Magazi - ndi zazikulu madzi thupi chilengedwe mkati, koma chifukwa uli ndi zinthu zambiri: kupuma, zakudya, mayendedwe ndi ena ambiri. Kuchitila awo, ali ndi dongosolo yodabwitsa kwambiri. Ndipo si mphako zinthu, komanso ambiri chonyamulira mapuloteni (albumin, haptoglobin, transferrin), coagulation zinthu (Fi-FXIII), komanso womuyenerera dongosolo, gawo lotetezedwa machitidwe a thupi, etc. Kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zigawo zake akhoza kupereka nthawi yomweyo popanda kusokoneza mzake ndi mtima wosagawanika ndi ntchito, nsalu izi waika mwa zokhazikika kuti akathandize m'chigawo madzi. Choncho, okhazikika oncotic kuthamanga zofunika okhwima kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, kukhalabe asidi-m'munsi mgwirizano - gawo lotetezedwa dongosolo la mwazi, osmotic katundu - electrolyte bwino ayoni osiyana - sodium, potassium chlorine, magnesium ndi calcium. M'pofunikanso kwambiri kuti chiŵerengero cha coagulation ndi anticoagulation kachitidwe, clotting ichi zinthu popanda kukhala mu gawo kulalikira. Kutentha amakhudza chikhalidwe cha mapuloteni, ndi kuthamanga tsankho mpweya (mpweya ndi mpweya) umaonetsa digiri ya ntchito kupuma.
kapangidwe
Gawo lotetezedwa machitidwe plasma - ndi chitetezo chachikulu kukhalabe pH, chifukwa pa zizindikiro zake zina ikuyenda kuchuluka kwa zochita mankhwala. Pofuna kuwathandiza, pali Kugawilidwa kwanthaka mpweya woipa ndi kuwala metabolites - impso.
Koma ndi dongosolo la mwazi gawo lotetezedwa - zotchedwa mzere woyamba wa chitetezo pa kusintha pang'ono mu zizindikiro zina zonse. Iwo amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri ofanana - mwiniwake ndi pulotoni acceptor, chifukwa cha ubale wa ntchito zomwe angathe onse alkalify ndi oxidizing chilengedwe. Anthu pali 4 gawo lotetezedwa dongosolo la mwazi: bicarbonate (acceptor Na / KHCO3 + H2CO3 mwiniwake), mankwala (mwiniwake H2PO4 + acceptor mu mawonekedwe a sodium wochuluka kapena mchere potaziyamu), hemoglobin (mwiniwake - yokha hemoglobin / iye mpweya-mawonekedwe, pamene acceptor wa - kugwirizana ndi kugwirizana izo - gemoglobinat / oksigemoglobinat). Komanso katundu zimasintha ndi plasma mapuloteni omwe mwina mofanana kutumikira monga m'munsi komanso asidi ndi. Choncho, dongosolo buffering wa pH magazi anakhalabe mu osiyanasiyana sing'anga wa 7.35 (mu mitsempha) ndi 7.40 (mu mitsempha ya).
The pH
Pamene aliyense matenda amapezeka chosokoneza a kagayidwe kachakudya njira mu thupi, owonetseredwa mu chitukuko cha magazi alkalosis (predominance zamchere sing'anga) kapena acidosis (Acidic). Izi zimakhudza zinthu zapangika awo nembanemba kusokoneza selo ndi mapuloteni impairing dongosolo lawo. Choncho, mankhwala zochita yopuma tizikakhala ndi pathological amathamanga: chodziwa magazi clotting, kutsegula kwa m'thupi ayankhe ndi yake maselo, makamaka, mthunzi mmene chapakati mantha dongosolo (zimayambitsa encephalopathy). Zimenezi zimabweretsa chitukuko cha mavuto ndi akuchuluka wa Inde matenda, ndi oopsa kwambiri, ukhoza kuthamanga njira kuswa chikumbumtima cha wodwala mpaka kukula kwa chikomokere.