Fungicides - mankhwala ... fungicidal. fungicide

Modern munda ntchito kawirikawiri kuchita popanda tillage ndi kubzala kukonzekera mwapadera - fungicides. The pomasulira liwu kuchokera tanthauzo Latin "kupha bowa." Koma mchitidwe chitetezo mbewu kwambiri kukodzedwa lingaliro ili ndi kaphatikizidwe zinthu ndi poizoni osati kwa bowa, komanso mankhwala, kumenyana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena mbewu. Fungicides - mankhwala kapena tizilombo mankhwala, amene ntchito nkhanza, kupewa kapena kuchiza matenda a mbewu horticultural.

A mbiri pang'ono

chomera matenda osiyanasiyana - banga, dzimbiri, zowola - munthu bwino chifukwa anthu aphunzira mmene kukula chikhalidwe ena. Ngakhale ndiye kunali ayamikira woyamba kwambiri kwa chitetezo kutero. Wina BC Homer otchulidwa polimbana ndi matenda a zomera mwa fumigation ndi sulfure, ndi Democritus ananena kuvunda kupewa ndi kupopera mbewu kulowetsedwa wa azitona. Ndi chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano, anthu aphunzira matenda tirigu, akuwukha iwo mu vinyo kapena kusunga ya mnofu paini masamba. Mu Middle Ages amadziwika pa nthawi ya matenda ndi njira mankhwala yatchedwa ndi wachinsinsi.

The yojambula anabwera ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale mankhwala ndi maphunziro yogwira ndi etiology matenda ambiri ndi makhalidwe zamoyo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda awo. fungicides kwambiri ntchito masiku ano akhala apanga posachedwapa - mu 20 m'ma TH. Modern chomera chitetezo mankhwala - wosakwatiwa-chigawo chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa mankhwala - akhoza kukwaniritsa patsogolo kwambiri, koma vuto silinathe mpaka matenda ndipo amafunika kusintha zonse matekinoloje, miyambo ndi maofesi mbewu processing.

Kodi fungicides?

Iwo kuwononga spores kapena mycelium wa bowa ndi tizilombo amene amayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. mankhwala chomera chitetezo m'magulu malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha mmene, ntchito ya cholinga, chikhalidwe ndi selectivity wa kanthu, komanso kugawa zomera.

gulu la fungicides

Chifukwa chakuti fungicide omwewo angakhale ndi amadza osiyana pa zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, gulu kwambiri makonzedwe. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito mlingo wosiyana wa mankhwala pa nthawi wosiyana zimasiyana. Komabe, fungicides ndi anawagawa:

• zodzitetezera ntchito zochizira zomera wathanzi pofuna kupewa matenda.
• Achire (kuthetsa) mankhwala, mankhwala amene chofunika kuchokera chomera chopezeka zizindikiro za matenda. Thunthu yogwira fungicide izi kumabwezera mmbuyo kukula kwa tizilombo dera amene anayambitsa vutoli, zimathandiza kuchira chikhalidwe.
• Zokhudza zonse fungicides - ndi mankhwala chosakanikirana ndi zomera ndi akusuntha mu dongosolo lawo mtima ndi kuteteza mphukira zatsopano anakulira mankhwala. fungicides awa ndi zochiritsa ndi prophylactic kwenikweni.
• Contact mankhwala kuteteza mbali ya mbewu yomwe amakhudzana. Chotero fungicides - kumatanthauza kukhala yekha zotsatira zoteteza, iwo nthawi zonse kudalira pa zotsatira za mvula.
• Mbewu disinfectants - mankhwala ntchito presowing akuwukha mbewu pofuna kuteteza mbewu ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga ndi mankhwalawa mababu, tubers, corms ndi rhizomes wa zomera tsogolo asanadzalemo. Masiku ano, pali mankhwala ngati kanthu cholinga - kapena prophylactic ndi matenda nkotheka kapena tizirombo ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono - ndi zovuta, kaphatikizidwe onse a malangizo awa.

Kawopsedwe yokonzekera ndi miyeso mu ntchito yawo asachite

Fungicides - mankhwala ndi poizoni ndipo muyenera kuonetsetsa wa kuthekera ntchito awo panyumba. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala amenewa, muyenera mutidziwe ndi njira ntchito otetezedwa. Pali malamulo ochepa mapulani kukhazikitsa zomwe chofunika kupewa poizoni, okhoza hule ndi fungicide. The Malamulo linalanda aliyense lokonzekera, amapereka:

• kusungidwa mosiyana ndi mankhwala ndi malonda mankhwala youma, ozizira komanso amdima pa kutentha osati kuposa +35 ° C osati poyerekeza -10 ° C;
• kuonetsetsa patali ndi ana ndi ziweto
• Kukonzekera ntchito njira kubala glassware ntchito ku khitchini;
• njira ankagwiritsa ntchito yomweyo, si kusungidwa;
• agwire chithandizo, pakalibe ana ndi ziweto
• ntchito imeneyo kukonzekera zovala zapadera;
• pa ntchito satenga zakudya, zakumwa, kapena utsi;
• Pambuyo ndondomeko, kusamba nkhope yako ndi manja;
• chidebe ntchito yokonza njira ndi mfundo za sprayer rinsed mu madzi.

chithandizo koyenera kuti poyizoni

Ngati kusamala pochita ndi mankhwala sichinayambe anati, m'pofunika yomweyo miyezo kutero. Ngati mankhwala mwangozi kugunda mkati, muyenera kumwa malita 0.5 wa madzi ndi kupangira kusanza. Pambuyo kukhudzana ndi khungu thunthu yogwira, izo kusamba pansi madzi kwa mphindi zosachepera 10. oopsa kwambiri ingress wa mankhwala mu mapapo kapena maso. Zikatero, diso anali osambitsidwa ndi madzi ndi awiri pa zana njira ya hydrogen peroxide, ndi Mpweya kosakhazikika outputted kwa mpweya wabwino. Ngakhale chithandizo anawamasulira woyamba, adzakhala superfluous ponena kuchipatala, kutenga ma CD chizindikiro cha mankhwala ntchito.

Modern zodzitetezera

Ntchito fungicides wakhala kufunikira lero, kotero muyenera kudziwa ndendende zimene mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito zina, ndipo ena. Tikungotchula ndi fungicides ambiri masiku ano, tione ntchito zawo, ubwino ndi kuipa.

"Fundazol": malangizo ntchito

"Fundazol" (ufa) - zokhudza zonse fungicide kanthu yaikulu kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a mafangasi. Oyenera opopera njira ndi umathandizanso atamuopseza matenda a mafangasi. Ntchito ngati kuvala mbewu pamaso kubzala. Iwo ali pang'ono chosangalatsa fungo. Hazard - 3. Amalalikira mankhwala fundazol - benomyl, mkatikati mbewu kupyolera mizu kapena mbali mlengalenga ndipo amasintha mu carbendazim - mankhwala ndi katundu kwambiri fungicidal. Ambiri fundazol amasonkhana padziko chomera, pamene ang'onoang'ono, atagonjetsa mkati ndi wokhoza kuteteza ngakhale kucheza ndi mbali ya mankhwala.

Njira ntchito "fundazol"

Fungicide, makamaka "fundazol" akhoza kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• pamodzi ndi nsalu yotchinga;
• kupopera mbewu pa nyengo kukula;
• etching mbewu pamaso kubzala.

"Fundazol" Buku malangizo Ufumuyo aliyense phukusi, uli kusungunuka mu kuchuluka kwa 1 g pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi. Izi njira ntchito. Kugwiritsa n'zotheka zosaposa kawiri pa nyengo.

Mbewu mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa mwezi pamaso kubzala. Pamodzi ndi "fundazol" kuthirira ankafuna mwambo zizindikiro za zomera matenda ndi kupopera ndi njira zodzitetezera kuti atengedwa pakutchulidwa zizindikiro chopweteka.

"Topazi": a fungicide zochokera penconazole

"Topazi" (emulsion maganizo), komanso "fundazol", ndi zokhudza zonse fungicide achire ndi prophylactic kanthu kuteteza zomera ndi matenda a mafangasi monga powdery cinoni, dzimbiri, cinoni, etc. "topazi." - Fungicide, odorless, amtengo koopsa anthu, nyama ndi nsomba, koma osati poizoni mbalame ndi tizilombo. Iwo koletsedwa processing chomera pa maluwa. Hazard kalasi - 3.

Mtima kwambiri "topazi" kutetezela mwala, zipatso, mabulosi, masamba ndi mbewu yokongola, ndi powdery cinoni pa mphesa ndi bowa ndi matenda ena. Imachitika ndi imeneyi ya masiku 7-14 mankhwala otetezera kuti kubisa matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana kumayambiriro nyengo kukula, kusonyeza zotsatira zabwino.

Kodi ntchito "topazi"?

Matenda mowa fungicide malingana ndi gawo chitukuko chimene chomera ili, ndi pati kuvulazidwa wake. njira ofooka ntchito kumayambiriro kwa nyengo kukula kapena otsika opatsirana osiyanasiyana; wamphamvu kwambiri - mu pepala yomalizidwa kapena nthawi ya matenda yokulirapo chotupa. Pambuyo mankhwala, chikhalidwe mankhwala kulimbitsa zotsatira izo m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides kukhudzana. ayamikira zotsatirazi anapangidwa kugwiritsa ntchito "topazi" malangizo:

• kwa mitengo ya zipatso ndi zitsamba (currants, gooseberries, mapichesi, mphesa) ndi masamba ndi nkhani sitiroberi wa munthu kukonzekera ampule anali kusungunuka malita 10 a madzi;
• mbewu maluwa wambiri njira (maluwa, carnations, asters, etc..) - wina ampoule wothandizila kusungunuka 5 L madzi.

"Topazi" - fungicide amene Mtengo wochepa, ndi ubwino wa ntchito yake yofunika kwambiri. Kupopera zichitike bata, kouma, uniformly amachitira padziko lonse mbewu. The njira zakonzedwa yomweyo asanayambe ntchito. The processing zotsatirazi ngati kufunika alipo, anachita pambuyo pa masiku 10-14, pamene nthawi alonda yapita.

Fungicide "Horus"

Kuteteza ndi mwala mitengo ya zipatso, mphesa, sitiroberi ndi nkhanambo, powdery cinoni ndi moniliosis ntchito fungicide "Kolasi" anayamba pamaziko a cyprodinil kudzapereka mu mawonekedwe a granules madzi sungunuka. "Kolasi" - ndi fungicide, lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito bwinobwino kulimbana chitumbuwa tsamba banga ndi klyasterosporiozom monilial zipatso zowola pa maula ndi chitumbuwa ndi zowola zipatso ndi nkhanambo pa maapulo ndi mapeyala.

Processing "Horus" amapangidwa ndi kupopera, woyamba wa yomwe ikuchitika pamaso maluwa, wachiwiri - pa nyengo kukula, koma pasanafike 2 masabata isanafike kukolola. Ndi bwino kucheza chithandizo chachiwiri pambuyo masabata 2 pambuyo chikhalidwe chinazilala. Yankho ntchito zakonzedwa mu kufanana zotsatirazi: 10 L madzi anali kusungunuka 3 c. mankhwala. The otaya pafupifupi pa njira mtengo kuchokera malita 2 mpaka 5 cha njira yochokera mitundu nkhuni ndi miyeso ya sprayer lapansi.

"Kolasi" - fungicide ntchito amene Mbali kuti izo zikusonyeza dzuwa apamwamba pa otsika kutentha (3-10 ° C), umene uli mwayi kukonzekera ili, kuyambira izo zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kasupe oyambirira, pamene ambiri, pali matenda ndi mbewu horticultural moniliosis. Alimi odziwa osavomerezeka kuchitira mitengo ndi kuwonjezeka kutentha pamwamba 22 ° C. nthawi zoteteza kumatenga masiku 7-10 mankhwala. Ubwino wina wa ntchito "Horus" mkulu achire zotsatira zomera ndi kale kachilombo.

Kagwilitsidwe Nchito ya fungicide ndi "Horus"

Mbewu zosiyanasiyana ntchito njira ndende zimasiyanasiyana. Pakuti apulo ndi processing peyala amafuna yankho anakonza kuchokera 2 ga ndalama malita 10 a madzi. Kupopera mwala zipatso bwino njira ya 3 ga pa malita 10 a madzi. Ndende za njira zochizira Sotk sitiroberi 1 - 6 g pa 5 malita a madzi.

Fungicides pakuti mphesa, makamaka, "Kolasi" anazipangiratu kufanana mofanana sitiroberi ndi - 6 g chuma pa malita 10 a madzi. The pazipita zotheka chiwerengero cha mankhwala pa nyengo ya sitiroberi ndi 2, mwala zipatso (nthuza popanda) ndi mphesa - 3; zipatso pome ndi nthuza - 4 zina.

Panthawi yake ndi woyenera processing mbewu amathandiza wamaluwa ndi kuyeretsedwa mwa madera wakunja kwatawuni wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda matenda osiyanasiyana ndi kuwonjezeka khalidwe mbewu ndi zipatso wathanzi.