Frost zosagwira mitundu ya mphesa: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Posachedwapa, kulima mphesa lamba pakati pa Russia, ndi Urals ndi Siberia, izo zinkawoneka chinthu zosatheka. Posachedwapa, asayansi ndi obereketsa anayikidwa kuchuluka yaikulu mitundu yozizira-Hardy, kwambiri amaona, kuphatikizapo mu kumpoto.

Isabella zoumba

Wamaluwa Moscow, dera Volga, Siberia ndi Urals pofuna kukula kwake mphesa dziko malo, ayenera loyamba la onse kulabadira sukulu zimenezi. Iwo ali abwino chifukwa chodzala pafupi gazebos ndi, limatifotokozera, mipanda ndi mpanda. Mokhudzana palatability Isabella zoumba penapake mitundu otsika tebulo. Komabe, iwo kupanga chokoma zipatso zakumwa ndi vinyo. Ambiri ozizira zosagwira seedless mitundu mphesa ndi:

• Rilayns Pinki Seedless;
• Lydia.

Kalasi Rilayns Pinki Seedless

hybrid Izi unayambitsidwa mu America mu 80s. mbali yake yaikulu ndi m'banda yakucha nthawi (masiku 110) ndi zipatso bessemyannost. Komanso, ubwino wa kalasi monga kukana matenda a mafangasi ndi mkulu koyefishienti kuchulukana (1.9). The zipatso zosiyanasiyana muli m'malo yaing'ono (2-3 g). Rilayns pinki Seedless akhoza kulekerera kutentha pansi digiri -30. Choncho, chihemacho m'nyengo yozizira Sikuti.

mphesa Lydia

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ambiri mitundu luso Hardy. mbali chosiyana ndi ochepa, lotayirira masango ake ndi zipatso pinki. Kukoma kwa mphesa ichi ndi zachilendo kwambiri - lokoma, amatikumbutsa sitiroberi. Ubwino Lydia mitundu monga zipatso transportability, kukana kuti powdery cinoni ndi downy cinoni, luso kudzimvera mungu, chisanu. Mwa zolakwa ndi wamaluwa onani, pakalibe kukana kuti phylloxera, kukula mofulumira laterals, kukhetsa zipatso mu mphepo yamphamvu.

Kuti vinyo zosiyanasiyana amafunika ncholinga mwambo luso. Pamene osiyanasiyana nkhanza akhoza kumasula zinthu zoipa kwa thupi (kuchititsa sclerosis). zipatso ndi otetezeka pamene atsopano.

mitundu undemanding

Nthawi zambiri, tchuthi Siberia, ndi Urals zigawo chapakati mwakula ndipo wodzichepetsa chodyera chisanu zosagwira mitundu ya mphesa. Kukoma zipatso mchere mitundu awa amakhala otsika. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo ndipo amafuna kusintha. The mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya gulu monga:

• Tukai;
• Codreanca;
• Aleshenkin.

Zonse izi bwino yosayenera kwa mitundu yozizira-Hardy mphesa kwa Moscow neukryvnyh. Kwambiri kumva mitundu awa ndi Urals, Siberia, ndi dera Volga.

kalasi Tukai

Izi oyambirira kukhwima mphesa losiyana wolimba ndi mkulu zokolola. Magulu cultivar Tukay lalikulu kwambiri - angafikire yolemera 1 makilogalamu, ndi zipatso za kukula sing'anga (2-6 g). Ubwino zosiyanasiyana zimenezi zimaphatikizapo luso kusunga zipatso kwa nthawi yaitali (kwa April) ndi cinoni kukana. The sangathe waukulu wa mitundu Tukai ankaona kukaniza otsika matenda.

mphesa Codreanca

Ndi m'banda silnorosly tebulo kalasi, ndi mwayi waukulu umene uli kukana ake okwezeka matenda. Magulu a mphesa angafikire yolemera 600 ga zokolola za zosiyanasiyana Codreanca kwambiri. Chinthu chapadera cha mphesa izi ndi acidity otsika zipatso. Kudya kungatithandize akulembedwa shuga zili 12%. Monga ena ambiri yozizira-Hardy mphesa mitundu kwa Urals ndi madera ena ozizira angwiro, Codreanca amapatsanso wokoma kwambiri, koma chokoma kwambiri zipatso. Ena sangathe a mitundu imatengedwa kuti ndi chizolowezi goroshenie.

Aleshenkin

zosiyanasiyana uyu anali ayipanga mwa kusakaniza mungu wa mitundu yambiri ya mphesa m'munda. ubwino waukulu ndi kukoma wabwino wa zipatso, earliness ndi zokolola mkulu. Magulu ku mphesa Aleshenkin lalikulu kwambiri, kufika kulemera kwa makilogalamu 0.7-2.5. Mtundu wa zipatso zosiyanasiyana awa Amber ndi pang'ono woyera pachimake. Aliyense mabulosi akhoza kunenepa kwa 5 ga fundo matenda iye pafupifupi.

Moody mphesa mchere

Kumene, wakula tchuthi chapakati gulu la Urals ndi Siberia, ndi zotsekemera kwambiri, koma kwambiri si chongoyerekeza zokwanira mitundu chisanu zosagwira wa mphesa. Pakuti Moscow dera ndipo madera ena ozizira mokwanira, iwo sali loyenereradi, koma mosamala chifukwa nayenso akhoza kukhala wamkulu ndi wopambana. Ndipotu Paradoxical kuti Siberia iwo kukula bwino kwambiri gulu pafupifupi. Zimachitika choncho chifukwa m'dera lino ozizira sizichitika "wakuda chisanu", ndiye chisanu chivundikiro m'nyengo yozizira nthawi zonse wandiweyani zokwanira. Wotchuka kwambiri mchere chisanu zosagwira mitundu monga:

• Husayn;
• Cardinal.

Mphesa Husayn (madona zala)

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mitundu wamkulu wa kusankha wowerengeka. ntchito yake yaikulu ili chabe kukoma kwambiri, ndi masango lalikulu elongated kwambiri zipatso, zipatso ndi wolimba. Frosts mphesa izi akhoza kulekerera, koma madigiri kuposa -12. Choncho, zilibe ntchito kwa neukryvnyh. M'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika maondo pansi ndi kukoka filimu. Inu simungakhoze kuika Husayn kalasi pa dothi osauka kapena zinthu zina kutetezedwa mphepo. Matenda amene mphesa lokoma komanso si wolimba kwambiri.

kalasi Cardinal

mphesa izi anali ayipanga ndi obereketsa American. Zopezera Africa mitundu ozizira zosagwira mphesa Siberia, ndi Urals, dera Moscow ndi madera ena ozizira zambiri agwirizane bwino. Zinthu zofunika ndi mitundu Cardinal masango mwachilungamo lalikulu (mpaka 520 g), ndi zipatso zikuluzikulu (mpaka 3 masentimita awiri). Ubwino mitundu monga Cardinal kukoma kwenikweni wabwino. The zipatso za mphesa izi ndi yowutsa mudyo kwambiri ndi okoma nthawi yomweyo pang'ono crunchy kapangidwe ndi kukomoka musky fungo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ali transportable ndipo akhoza kusungidwa kwa miyezi 3.

Kuthetsa kuipa monga chiwopsezo kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zokolola za mphesa amadalira kwambiri nyengo. Ngati Cardinal, ayenera kukhala bwinobwino kuphimba kwa dzinja.

kukhwima hybrids oyambirira

Makamaka waife tchuthi, ndithudi, ozizira zosagwira mitundu ya mphesa ndi m'banda yakucha. Kwa iwo, ndipo pambali Rilayns Aleshenkina monga:

• Memory Dombkovskoy;
• Tomic.

Oyambirira chisanu zosagwira mitundu ya mphesa, zomwe zithunzi Tingaone pansipa, ndi loyenereradi kukula mu zigawo yozizira mu malo oyamba ndendende chifukwa zipatso zawo ndi nthawi kuti zipse m'chilimwe kwambiri akumane.

Mphesa Memory Dombkovskoy

Izi oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana ndi mkulu zokolola ndipo amatha kupirira kutentha pansi digiri -28. Akutchula zodyeramo-seedless. Kuikira Dombkovskoy mphesa ndi kukula pafupifupi ndipo pamodzi masango ang'onoang'ono. Mbali awo ndi osiyana ndi mdima kwambiri, mtundu pafupifupi wakuda. Thupi la kukoma awo yowutsa mudyo lokoma ndi wowawasa. Kuthetsa ubwino monga kukaniza matenda ndi mkulu zokolola.

Monga ena ambiri mitundu ozizira zosagwira mphesa Urals, Siberia ndi magulu chapakati abwino bwino, Dombkovskoy Memory ndi osiyana mu zipatso yake zipse m'chilimwe kwambiri akumane. Lero ndi imodzi mwa mitundu kwambiri zingamuthandize mu ulemu wa kulima m'madera yozizira ya dziko.

mphesa Tomic

Kalasi Tomic limanenanso oyambirira-kukhwima hybrids. Anadziŵa anali breeder RF Mpira. Magulu a mphesa Tomic ndi kukula wamba, koma zipatso ndi woyera, kuzungulira, wokoma kwambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito makamaka mu mawonekedwe mwatsopano. Tomic kalasi akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsa yozizira-Hardy m'madera ndi nyengo kwambiri chowawa.

Mid-kalasi

Mphesa zosiyanasiyana chimenechi anayamikira kwambiri chifukwa cha Siberia ndi tchuthi Ural. Kukula mitundu zotere, ndipo mu msewu pakati Moscow, ndi Baltic States. Wotchuka kwambiri m'ma nyengo zosiyanasiyana monga:

• Dubinushka;
• Katyr-.

Izi ozizira zosagwira mitundu ya mphesa, chithunzi ndi malongosoledwe a lopatsidwa pansipa, musati amafuna pogona kwa dzinja, wodzichepetsa komanso aluso yopangira mkulu zokolola.

mphesa Dubinushka

Ndi mtundu wa kusankha R.F mipira. mbali kanukanu ndi zipatso lalikulu kwambiri ndi kukoma zabwino. Ubwino mitundu Dubinushka zimachitika makamaka kuphweka ndi zokolola mkulu. Frost kukana ku mphesa izi ndi pafupifupi, ndipo ayenera anaphimba yozizira. Best wa mphesa onsewa oyenera kukula ku Southern Siberia.

Katyr-

Izi wina chidwi RF cultivar Sharov. masango ali ndi ochepa kwambiri (142-250 g) lotayirira. Zipatso komanso ang'ono ndi mdima buluu. Katyr- kukula mphesa September oyambirira. Kukhala ndi chosiyana kukoma zipatso kukacheza pa tchire kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo pafupifupi palibe mavu kuwononga.

Zonsezi pamwambapa ozizira zosagwira mphesa (kupatula mchere) sikutanthauza chikuto cha chisanu ndi zimakhalanso undemanding. Komabe, kusamalira mipesa zosiyanasiyana iliyonse, ndithudi, zofunika. Kuthirira mbewu ayenera nthawi. Komanso, mphesa ayenera kudyetsedwa. Pamafunika mitundu kwambiri ndi kudulira zonse zokolola. Safuna njirayi zimakhala monga Isabella mpesa mitundu.