"Finita La sewero lanthabwala!": Zikutanthauza wotchuka mawu

"Kupereka yatha!" - tikunena ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa, ngati kulembedwa zosayenera, nkhani zokayikitsa. Nthawi zambiri, mu Zikatero, timagwiritsa ntchito mawu amene kalekale kukhala ndi mapiko Kodi chiyambi chake, chomwe sayansi izo enfolds ndi kangati ntchito "Finita La sewero lanthabwala!" - nkhani imeneyi.

panopa, kuwomba

A chojambulidwa kuti n'zimene zinalembedwa makalata Russian, popanda kumasulira mawu oti finita La commedia, amene analembedwa ndi chinenero Italy - "chogwiritsira La sewero lanthabwala". Translation ndi - "la sewero lanthabwala yatha." Komabe, malinga ndi malamulo kalembedwe ka chinenero Italy, yolondola kuti: La commedia mauthenga finita. Izo ziri chimodzimodzi zomwe izo zikumveka mawu akuti "chogwiritsira La sewero lanthabwala" mu Italy.

Mapeto a zochita za!

Popeza mawu amenewa anali wolimba chinenero cha Chirasha, akatswiri a zinenero Chibwezeni kwa gulu la phraseology. Mtengo anatumizidwa ku okuluwika deta semantically zokhudzana wina khola akuti "apange" - kutanthauza zachinyengo Pofuna kusocheretsa. Ngati munthu sanalemekeze, yokutidwa ndi mawu abwino zoipa, ndipo iyi inali kumapeto, n'koyenera kuti: - kutanthauza "masewera latha, tsopano zonse adzagwera malo, ndipo choonadi chidzakumasulani chiwululidwe" "Finita La sewero lanthabwala!" .

kuthetsa

Pali phraseologism izi ndi zina lexical kamvekedwe. Tiyerekeze kuti munthu wina nawo zochitika zimene iye anapatsidwa udindo woyenera anadzudzula. Kapena kumatanthauza zinthu yoipa monga ophunzira ake ndipo akuvutika. Ndiye, pa mapeto a zochitika izi, munthu uyu akhoza kufuula kuti: "Finita La sewero lanthabwala" - kutanthauza kuti: "Bwerani, mfundo, basta" Mawu otsiriza, ndi momwe, nayenso, anabwera kwa ife ku Italy - kapena kani, za kuloŵedwa m'malo, chinenero Latin. Basta mawu amatanthauza "mokwanira ndi zokwanira".

Pamene akuti anayamba

Akukhulupirira kuti mawu wotchuka "Finita La sewero lanthabwala!" Anabwera mu ntchito pambuyo anaonekera sewero la "Pagliacci" (Mlembi - Ruggero Leoncavallo). Komabe, mwazaka, nkhani yolembedwa izi sagwirizana ndi: chakuti owerenga Russian anaona mawuwa buku Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova "Hero Nthawi". Okuluwika adawomba pa milomo ya Pechorin, iye anawomberedwa ndi kupha mnzake mu duel Grushnitsky. buku linalembedwa pasanafike 1840, ndi kuyamba kwa "Pagliacci" sewero la anatenga pafupifupi theka patapita zaka, mu 1892.

"Pagliacci"

The za zisudzo akuyamba unconventionally: pamene oyamba nyimbo pamaso ngakhale anatseka zikuchitika pa siteji chisudzo Mwadzidzidzi kuchenjeza omvera kuti sewero la linauziridwa ndi moyo weniweniwo, ndi nkhani yake - maganizo chenicheni ndi chilakolako. Ndiye nsaru chimatsegula ndi ulaliki ayamba. chiwembu zachokera chakuti zapiringizana chikondi, nsanje ndi imfa mumoyo weniweni ndiponso mu zisudzo zisudzo kusewera akungoyendayenda gululo. Chisudzo Tonio ali m'chikondi ndi Nedda comedienne, mkazi wa wosewera ndi gulu la gululo Canio. Iye akana kupita patsogolo kwa chisudzo ndi, kupereka mmalo wamba wamng'ono Silvio. Inamuluma ndi Tonio imatiuza mwamuna ndi mkazi wolakwika, ndipo iye ali aukali udzu kuti wompereka ndi mpeni. Koma nthawi yopatulika komanso m'pofunika kuti apite pa siteji. "Ndi nthawi kuyamba, nthawi kuvala suti!" - mmodzi wa Arias wotchuka mu dziko opera.

The Columbine zovala Nedda kudzera nkhani zinachitika sewero lanthabwala alimi kuvomereza nokha Harlequin wokonda, kunong'onezana mawu omwewo kuti Canio posachedwapa anamva mu galimoto kumene Nedda ndi Silvio tinagwirizana assignation. Canio mu Pagliacci udindo, pafupi yekha ndi chilakolako ndi nsanje, akuyamba Columbine-Nedd ndi chofunika pa kutsegula dzina la wokonda, iye ayesera kuseka izo ndi kusewera sewero lanthabwala zina kubisa ukulu wa mantha ake. Koma Canio salinso choonetsedwa, ndi moyo. Salola mkazi wake pa nthawiyi nawo ukali ndi mpeni lake ndi mpeni. Akufa, Nedda akuitana wokondedwa, iye analumpha pansi kuchokera azionerera mabenchi, chisudzo ndi wamupha. Pamene kugwedezeka Canio akutsikira ku manja a mpeni, ndi chisudzo anatembenukira kwa omvera ndi mawu akuti: "The sewero lanthabwala yatha."

Ndikufuna kunena Pechorin?

Chikhalidwe cha khalidwe dzina lili kukamba za khalidwe lina la nyengo wake, komanso ndi ngwazi modabwitsa - Onegin ( "Eugene Onegin" buku ndi A. S. Pushkina), yodziwika ndi anthu azikhala ndi kuthekera kwambiri mwauzimu. Lakuthwa malingaliro, wolemera mkati dziko ndi zikhumbo zabwino chibadidwe Pechorin sanapeze yankho ndi ntchito, koma chifukwa "wowawasa", poizoni kuwawa kwa moyo wa munthu uyu. Grushnitsky kuwombera, fano analengedwa monga munthu wodziwika otsutsana a Pechorin, ndi protagonist ndi vuto moyo wake. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti khalidwe akuti chifaniziro si mu French, monga unali mwambo anthu otchuka pa nthawi imeneyo. Izi zikusonyeza kuti mawu ake Pechorin maganizo oona mtima - ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa ndi ululu. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mawu akuti "chogwiritsira La sewero lanthabwala" mu phokoso French: compacte La comédie.

ngwazi Location Lermontov anatenga mawu awa

Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti Pechorin parodied mawu a mfumu ya Roma Augustus, iye anati atatsala pang'ono kufa: ngati iwo apeza kuti mwangwiro ankaimba sewero lanthabwala wa moyo? Wolamulira anatenga amagwira ku sewero lanthabwala Italy wa masks (commedia Dell arte).

Commedia dell'arte - ndi wowerengeka zisudzo kusonyeza zisudzo m'madera yodzaza mumzindawo. Kulunjika zinali pamaso pa masks chomwecho, kuyika zomwe zisudzo tisandulika khalidwe okhazikika - Harlequin Pantalone, Columbine, Tartaglia, etc. Mbali ina yofunika pa bwalo la zamasewero del arte anali improvisation :. Zithunzi ankasewera pa anapatsidwa makonzedwe chiwembu chithunzi chimene ojambula zithunzi anachita tingasulirane ya mphindi.

Lermontov analemba kuti, malinga ndi nthano, akulu French wolemba wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano Fransua Rable anati asanamwalire pafupifupi mawu omwewo kuti Augustus, pofuna kutsindika kuti onse a moyo anali zisudzo, "ndi sewero lanthabwala ndi ankaimba pansi nsalu yotchinga." Pechorin monga lophunzira komanso kuwerenga, ndithudi, akhoza kudziwa nkhani zakale.

Tikutsata ndondomeko za mtundu wanyimbo ndi

mafotokozedwe china chake ngwazi ntchito Lermontov ankatha kunena mawu akuti "Finita La sewero lanthabwala!" Kodi kopanda mabuku buku zachokera mtundu wa ntchito inayake. Izi makamaka nkhani yochitika "Mfumukazi Mary," amene adawomba ndi mawu. Apa Pechorin, analemba mu zolemba zake kwambiri chinsinsi ndiponso zobisika kuzipenya ndi kayendedwe wauzimu, kuchita monga Mulengi ndi yoimba wa ntchito yake. Choncho, mawu akuti "Finita La sewero lanthabwala!" - ndi leitmotif kumene kumatsimikizira tanthauzo ndi nkhani yaitali nkhani.

epitaph

Pamsonkhano wina ndi Pechorin pa madzi Grushnitski anasonyeza kuti iye French credo - osati kunyoza anthu, iye amadana iwo, mwinamwake moyo lonunkha farce. Farce - ndi akale areal Comedy, mwano ndi kumva ndi tanthauzo lalikulu. Choncho Grushnitski akufuna akuchedwa kuposa anthu ndi mantha pachimake kunyozana. Pechorin anazindikira egocentricity wake ndi posturing. Ndipo iye anali munthu amene sanali oyenera chitsanzo ubale ndi dziko, zachitika pa Grushnitsky, ndipo anayima mu njira yake. Chifukwa nayenso anafuula, ataima pa nsonga ya phompho, awiriwo kuti palibe malo pa dziko lapansi, ndipo anati tsopano iye amanyansidwa ndi amadana Pechorin. Anawomberedwa Pechorin kutha farce ichi, sewerolo analephera moyo wopambana anabadwira ku kudzikuza kuzindikira kwachabechabe awo: "Finita La sewero lanthabwala" Mosakayikira, mawu amenewa, ndipo iye ananena kuti. Koma sitingathe kunena kuti mtundu wanyimbo wa sewerolo, lomwe zinachitika pa moyo wa Pechorin - ndi farce. Choncho, n'zomveka kunena mawu akuti amapita kwambiri kufunika epitaphs "pa manda" onse njira olakwika ndi zonama za kukhala.

Kulawa mawu Chitaliyana

Kukakomana ndi mawu akuti "Finita La sewero lanthabwala!" The phindu limene zikugwirizanira chimango nzeru pamwambapa anafotokoza, mukhoza mu ntchito zambiri zolembalemba. dokotala wake anati ASTROFF tsiku lonyamuka wa Professor Serebryakov ndi mkazi wake, Eti kugogomeza absurdity zisamakudyereni professorial mkazi Elena Andreevna (nawo sewerolo A. P. Chehova a "Amalume Vanya"). khumi A kale Chekhov ntchito mawuwa ndi kusewera "Bambo".

Mawu amenewa akuimira mutu ofufuza Irina Melnikova pa Kuwulura upandu zoopsa ndiponso zodabwitsa. Izo zikumveka mu epilogue wa buku Albert Likhanova "Kuswa zidole" monga kulira ofunitsitsa kudzitsitsa ndi Kuwonongedwa kwa miyoyo ya anthu. Konstantin Paustovsky amagwiritsa okuluwika izi mu zopelekedwa buku "Bukhu la Moyo. zaka zoyambirira. " Wolemba Mamin-Siberia anakonda mawu amenewa, ife tikupeza izi mu buku lake "Mkate", "Features wa Pepke moyo", "Mamiliyoni Privalov a". Pali amagwira ntchito Pisemsky, Leskov, Ogarev, Bulgakov.

Makamaka okuluwika uyu anadza kulawa utolankhani. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi olemba kale (F. Bulgarin, Shestov ndi ena.), Wonse kukongoletsa nkhani zawo ndi mutu atolankhani ano.