Chikomfyushani Chitao: mbali ziwiri za wina-China

Chipembedzo mu China anabadwa mu nthawi ya kugwa kwa Mafumu Zhou. Mu 5-3 zaka BC, ndi zamphamvu boma chasanduka mu gulu la maukulu ang'onoang'ono, zonse chikumenyana ndi mzake. The wamba, udatuluka mwa kumvera, Povunduka ngati mphika wa madzi otentha ndipo mu "madzi otentha" anabadwa zipembedzo zambiri ndi ziphunzitso. Kenako, msonkhano wa maganizo nthanthi unadziwika ngati "masukulu zana." Koma sanafe ndipo anagwira ziphunzitso ziwiri zokha - Chikomfyushani Chitao. M'kupita kwa nthawi, masukulu awiriwa akhala maziko a chikhalidwe ndi dziko la chipembedzo la China. Chitao tinganene kuti ndi chipembedzo cha China, pamene ziphunzitso za Confucius asaaonerera pa moyo chikhalidwe cha Chinese. Motero, sukulu izi nthanthi azigwirizana, papita zaka 2000 wa liwulo chikumbumtima ndipo makhalidwe a mamiliyoni a anthu.

Chikomfyushani chikutchedwa tate wake, Kung Fu-tzu. Zikomo kuti amishonale achikristu anayamba kuwomba dzina monga "Confucius." Confucius ankakhala zaka 551-470 BC, pamene njira ya anthu Chinese zasintha ndi mkulu wa mabishopu malamulo. Chikomfyushani Chitao, omwe amathandiza dziko la mizimu, anathandiza kuteteza chisokonezo ndi kupulumutsa boma Chinese ku okwana kugwa. chiphunzitso Confucius 'zachokera kukwaniritsa mogwirizana pakati pa dziko lapansi ndi anthu. Confucius sizinali chipembedzo poganizira moyo wa munthu. Mzindawu umayang'anira mitundu isanu ubale kumadalira pa mfundo ya "kwa makolo kupembedza", lero maziko a chikhalidwe Chinese.

Malo a ulemu Chikomfyushani anapatsidwa miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Anasonkhana ngati "malamulo" imene inali chirichonse Chinese. Popanda kutsatira mfundo za Chikomfyushani munthu sankakhoza kupanga ntchito yotumikira anthu. miyambo m'malo atsogoleri achipembedzo Chikomfyushani zinalengedwa mutu wa banja, akazembe ndi mfumu ndipo mwambo wa boma anali ofanana Kumwamba mpatuko. Choncho, Chikomfyushani, Chitao mu kulamulira moyo wa anthu Chinese.

Chitao anabadwa ku ziphunzitso theka-lodziwika bwino kwa Lao Tzu. Chikhazikitso cha chiphunzitso chake nawatanthawuzira mu buku lopatulika "Tao Te Ching". Cholinga cha moyo wa munthu Lao Tzu anaona moyo wosatha, umene Zimapezeka ndi moyo wosasangalala ndipo introversion. Wokonda moyo wodzimana, kutsogolera moyo wolungama, amakhala munthu wa Tao - zenizeni wosatha, Mulungu ndi kulenga chiyambi. A chiwonetsero cha Tao mu moyo weniweniwo, chikhalidwe cha zinthu imatengedwa Dae. Taoist konse zina ndi De ndipo safuna kusintha izo. Chitao, mfundo yaikulu ya ndiwo mfundo zitatu - chikondi, kudzichepetsa ndi kuwunikidwa - akulalikira "mfundo sanali alowererepo." Chosalanga - ndi ulamuliro waukulu ndi maziko a Taoist moyo. Iye akana kuyesa kusintha dziko ndi moyo wanu ndipo anadzipereka disengagement zonse.

Monga Chikomfyushani, Chitao, palinso ndi boma abwino. Mu Taoist ndi dziko laling'ono, osati pa nkhondo, kodi kusinthanitsa ndi anansi ake, ndipo chikhalidwe ndi moyo wauzimu ozikidwa pa mfundo za si kanthu. Mu China, nzeru awa chifukwa cha zipolowe wotchuka ndi kusintha. Wangwiro munthu Chitao akuti ndi kudzipatula, amene anadzipereka pofuna kukwaniritsa chosafa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, Chitao lagawidwa pawiri ochiritsira - pa nthanthi ndi achipembedzo, amene ali pakati pawo kusiyana kwambiri. mbali yachipembedzo zikuphatikizapo zikhulupiriro zosiyanasiyana ndi chikhulupiriro matsenga. Zimenezi izo mayendedwe monga nyenyezi ndi Feng shui. malo auzimu a Chitao ndi mchitidwe umenewu ambiri.

Kwa zaka zambiri, Chikomfyushani Chitao, Chibuda apambana pokana. Zothangatira ndi complementing mzake, mfundo zimenezi anapanga zamatsenga ndi inscrutable China, zinasungidwa lero.