Fazu Alieva: yonena za otsiriza a ndakatulo wa m'zaka makumi awiri

Pa tsiku loyamba la 2016 sanali kwambiri Avar ndi Soviet ndakatulo ndi wolemba ndi dzina zosowa ndi zachilendo kwa Asilavo - Fazu Alieva. Wambiri ya mkazi uyu chachilendo ndi kudzoza kwa ojambula zithunzi zambiri. Popeza ndakatulo pakati malinga ndi mfundo za zomwe analemba ndi wina mzere wa ndakatulo kapena prose chinamulowerera maganizo oona mtima, zimachitikadi adani wowerenga.

Wambiri Aliyeva gawo: zaka zoyambilira

Anabadwa otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse m'tsogolo ndakatulo m'chiyambi cha December 1932 m'mudzi waung'ono wa Dagestan Ginichutl. Atate a mtsikanayu atamwalira gawo m'banda ndiye sanali akale ngakhale zaka zisanu. Nkhawa za ndakatulo tsogolo ndi ana atatu anagona pa mapewa a mayi amene ankagwira ntchito monga nesi pachipatala yosavuta. Ngakhale zovuta zakuthupi, mayi anatha kulera ana awo onse, ndi kuthandiza aliyense kuti maphunziro apamwamba. Ndi chitsanzo cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ntchito yaikulu ya mayi ake m'malo amphamvu chikoka pa zilandiridwenso fezi Aliyeva ndipo anathandiza kuumba fano lake la heroine cha ndakatulo yake - ndi wolimba ndi mtima mkazi amene, ngakhale malamulo oletsa onse, amakwaniritsa cholinga chake.

Gawo Aliyev Wambiri: chiyambi cha njira kulenga

Kulemba ndakatulo gawo kuyambira mu m'badwo woyambirira. luso lake ndakatulo anakula, titero, ndi leaps ndi malire. Kale pa maphunziro ake ku sukulu iye anali ndakatulo lalikulu. Woyamba ndakatulo kwambiri linalembedwa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Fazu Alieva (yonena za ndakatulo iyi kuno si olondola kotheratu, ena amati iye anali pamenepo 10, winayo - wa zaka 11), ndiye kwambiri zinapatsira ndi aphunzitsi nkhani zokhudza mavuto a asilikali ndipo analemba ndime yokoma kwambiri onse. Linasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala sukulu khoma.
Mtsikanayo anali seventini, ndakatulo yake lofalitsidwa "Bolshevik mapiri." Kenako zilandiridwenso wa achinyamata, koma amazipanga yowala ndi luso ndakatulo wa m'mudzi ndi chidwi periodicals yaikulu kwambiri.
Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, Aliyev ntchito monga mphunzitsi kwa zaka zinayi, mpaka potsiriza sanayese n'komwe kupeza koleji zonse. Choncho, mu 1954, Fazu Alieva anayamba maphunziro ake Pedagogical Institute Dagestan amayi ku Makhachkala. Komabe, kokha pamene iye anaphunzira kwa chaka, ndiyeno malangizo a abwenzi, ndinaganiza kuti ndiyese pa Institute zolembalemba mayeso pochitika. Kutumiza ndakatulo ake mpikisanowo, iye analandira kapepala kupita ku Moscow. Apa iye bwinobwino anapambana mayeso ambiri pakhomo, kupatula chinenero cha Chirasha, ndipo anali osavomerezeka. Komabe, akufuna kuphunzira ndakatulo kunali kwakukulu moti anapita ku ofesi Kulembetsa kudzalankhula naye, lopambana otsutsa mabuku ndi olemba nthawi azabulukira wodziwa ndi ophunzira munthu Fazu Alieva.
Wambiri mwa ndakatulo iyi chingakhale chosakwanira popanda kutchula kwa nthawi yophunzira Institute of Literature. M'masiku amenewo sukuluyi anaphunzitsa zapamwamba za mabuku Soviet, ndi Fazu Alieva kuphunzira kwa iwo ndi wotsegula M'maso mwawo. Palinso ndakatulo kudziwana Chirasha ndi Chirasha anayamba kulemba ndakatulo kwambiri.
Nditamaliza maphunziro (1961) fezi anabwerera ku Dagestan.

Zolembalemba ndi anthu ntchito

Adakali wophunzira m'chigawo choyamba cha ndakatulo ya ndakatulo chinenero Avar inafalitsidwa mu Moscow. "Kumudzi kwathu" - wotchedwa izo Fazu Alieva (wathunthu yonena za mlakatuli, nthawizina lili dzina lina la Buku - "Native mudzi").
Atabwerera, wolemba ndakatulo anayamba kulemba kwambiri. Choncho mu 1961 izo lofalitsidwa ndakatulo "Pa nyanja". Ndipo mu zaka ziwiri zikubwerazi - ndakatulo zosonkhanitsira "Spring Mphepo" ndi "Rainbow kwina."
Mu 1962, wolemba ndakatulo amakhala mkonzi wa kusindikiza nyumba mabuku ophunzitsa ndi pedagogical ku Dagestan. Nthawi imeneyi iye osati analemba kwambiri, komanso kusintha ntchito za olemba ena. Komanso, iye akuyesera dzanja lake pa prose - akulemba buku, "Choikidwiratu." kulenga wolemba kupeza kutchuka osati Dagestan ndi mayiko ena a USSR, komanso akutali. chiyambi chake kumasulira mu Russian, Swedish, French, German, English, Polish ndi zinenero zina.
Komanso, Fazu Alieva amalandira m'bungwe la Union of Soviet Writers.
1971 amakhala kunasintha chikhalidwe ntchito fezi Aliyeva. Inali pa nthawi iyi wolemba amakhala mkonzi wamkulu wa buku mwapang'onopang'ono "Women of Dagestan", komanso wapampando wa Dagestan kwa Protection m'Komiti ya World. Nthawi imeneyi, iye "amakhala pansi phiko lake" nthambi ya Soviet Mtendere Fund Dagestan ndi mtsikanayu ntchito ya Council Mtendere World.
Mwakhama nawo zandale ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko lawo, Fazu Alieva zaka khumi anatumikira monga kazembe wapampando wa Bungwe la Supreme la Dagestan.
Maluwa a zilandiridwenso a ndakatulo iyi anabwera zaka zao za sikisite ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri. Inali pa nthawi imeneyi ntchito zake ndi chidwi ndi anthu ena, ndipo kotero iwo anayamba alitanthauzire (Fazu Alieva, ngakhale kudodoma mu Russian, kawirikawiri analemba ntchito zake mu chilankhulo chake Avar). Nthawi imeneyi iye analemba lodziwika bwino "mtanda wa dziko mphepo kuwomba," "150 mangongo mkwatibwi", "Kalata chosafa", "Wamuyaya lawi," "Pamene chimwemwe m'nyumba" ndi zina admirers mofanana odziwika bwino ntchito yake yolenga.
Pa Mipingo ndi nineties Fazu Alieva yaitali tikunena prose, ngakhale pa nthawi ili mabuku awiri ntchito osankhidwa a ndakatulo iyi mu Russian ndi Avar. Mu nineties ndi Fazu Alieva lofalitsidwa mabuku atatu nthawi imodzi: "mapichesi awiri", "Kugwa Masamba" ndi "Chizindikiro cha Moto". Komanso, mu kuwala kwa kugwa zopereka ake a prose - "wovulala," "N'chifukwa chiyani akazi kupita imvi" ndi "Dagestan sizichita nawo".
Kuti kubadwa sevente a ndakatulo iyi anapatsidwa thwelofu dilakisi mabuku ake "Chithumwa".

Mphotho ndiponso achita

Chidwi mfundo: ku Dagestan, dera wolemba ndakatulo wotchedwa yangayo, popanda mayina ponena osonyeza kuti ndi wapadera umene uli mu chimodzi. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa kulemekeza ndi chikondi cha muno Fazu Alieva walandira mphoto zina zambiri ndi kunja kwa dzikoli.
Mwachitsanzo, buku la "A mtanda wa dziko mphepo kuwomba," wolemba ndakatulo anali kupereka Mphoto. Ostrovsky. Aliyev komanso panthawi zosiyanasiyana analandira mphoto ngati mabuku wotchuka Soviet monga "m'mphawi Woman", "Ogonyok", "ntchito", "Soviet Woman" ndi ena.
Pa sikisite naini chaka cha ndakatulo iyi anali kupereka mutu "ndakatulo Anthu a Dagestan".
Mwa zina, ndi wopambana wa mphoto zambiri kwa Kukwezeleza ndi kuteteza dziko, osati Dagestan, dera Russia, koma padziko lonse lapansi. Pakati pawo, golide Mendulo ya Soviet Mtendere Fund ndi Mendulo "Wankhondo Mtendere" wa Komiti Mtendere Soviet.

Cholowa luso la ndakatulo iyi - kuposa mabuku zana ndi zopereka, amene amasuliridwa kuposa zinenero sikisite. Ndizachisoni kuti wolemba luso, umunthu yowala ndi mkazi mwapadera wapita. Ngakhale, ntchito yake adzakhala ndi moyo ndi kusangalatsa mibadwo yambiri, monga chodziwikiratu posachedwapa adzakhala nyenyezi yomweyo monga Fazu Alieva mu mabuku. chilankhulo Wambiri Avar - ndicho chimene icho chikanakhala chidwi kuwerenga muno ake lero. Ndipo mukufunadi ndikuyembekeza kuti padzakhala anthu amene adzakhala wokhoza kufotokoza tsogolo la mkazi uyu zosaneneka, chifukwa iye kwenikweni wochimwa. Padakali pano, ikhala oona mtima ndi kowala ndakatulo, wotsutsa maganizo otchulidwa ndi zikhumbo aliyense wa owerenga.