Electrophoresis wa seramu ndi mkodzo. Electrophoresis mapulotini seramu: ulamuliro mawu olembedwa

Mu madzi a magazi a anthu pali ya zigawo mapuloteni. Iwo ali osiyana mu zikuchokera awo, kapangidwe ndi kuyenda mu chilengedwe makamaka akuchititsa magetsi. Mu kumanga ichi ndi kulekana kwa okwana mapuloteni, zomwe localizes kwa madzi chifukwa tuzigawo twa zosiyanasiyana zomanga thupi. Mu kuchita seramu electrophoresis tikupeza ubale kachulukidwe wa munthu zigawo zikuluzikulu zomanga thupi ndi nyumba. M'pofunika kudziwa ngati zochitika anthu osiyanasiyana pathological, monga matenda kapena khansa. Ndi mapuloteni electrophoresis wa seramu n'kofunika kuchititsa matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana.

Akamanena za njira

Pakuti pogawanikana pamawere tuzigawo twa mapuloteni ntchito Electrophoresis wa seramu, mfundo zomwe zachokera sayenda osiyana zigawo zikuluzikulu mapuloteni mu munda kwaiye magetsi. Njira imeneyi kufufuza ndi olondola ndi nkhani, mosiyana ndi muyezo kusanthula okwana magazi. Koma electrophoresis izi amaonetsera nambala inayake ya tuzigawo twa mapuloteni, chikhalidwe ndi mmene ndondomeko pathological mu mawonekedwe onse. Analysis wa kafukufuku zimathandiza madokotala kupeza kodi chiŵerengero cha tuzigawo twa mapuloteni anati anthu, ndi kudziwa zenizeni za kudwala chibadidwe matenda makamaka.

Mitundu ya tuzigawo twa mapuloteni

Ambiri waukulu anthu madzimadzi kwachilengedwenso kapena magazi, zimapanga mapuloteni. Kuchuluka okwana mwakale uli mkati 60-80 g / L. Yoganizira zolondola pa electrophoresis wa seramu pa pepala. Phunziro ili ndi njira yofala kusanthula. Sing'anga yaikulu yapadera fyuluta pepala. Mbali Aika - ndi absorbability mkulu. pepala kungatenge kuyamwa madzi kuposa ake kulemera nthawi 130-200. Malinga zipangizo ntchito electrophoresis pa pepala imatenga maola 4-16. Izo unit wa nyumba mapuloteni. Ndiye, pepala Mzere mankhwala inks wapadera kwa kusanthula. Njira imeneyi ndi ofala kwambiri mu Laboratories zachipatala. Chifukwa chikoka cha magetsi inawadutsa mapuloteni nusu, moyipa mlandu, kusuntha kwa elekitirodi ndithu mlandu. Chifukwa zigawo mapuloteni magazi anawagawa tuzigawo twa 5 kuti:

• albumin;
• α ₁ globulins;
• α ₂ globulin;
• β - globulin;
• γ-globulin.

Albumins ndi zoipa mlandu, ndi yochepa polingana ndi tuzigawo twa zina, kulemera maselo. Chifukwa chakuchedwa izi kayendedwe ndi apamwamba kuposa ena onse magulu, ndipo zili furthest ku dera kuyambira. Woyamba tuzigawo twa atatu globulin kusuntha pa liwiro mochedwerako chifukwa cha kulemera kwake. Koma liwiro zing'onozing'ono zinalembedwa γ-globulins. mapulotini awa ndi wolemera lalikulu, wachibale miyeso ena. akuwayang'anira ndi pafupifupi ndale, kotero izi kachigawo mapuloteni si ankatembenukira kwa mzere poyambira.

kufunika kokhala

Panopa electrophoresis za kufufuza seramu nthawi zambiri imachitika kwa matenda molondola matenda. kusanthula izi akhonza kupatsidwa monga madokotala, kotero madokotala Ndikuchepetsa mbiri. Zikuonetsa adzakhala pa Research:

• kutupa osiyanasiyana;
• chikhalidwe aakulu a matenda;
• njira pathological mu zimakhala connective;
• magazi mkati;
• zilonda neoplasms.

Kukonzekera yobereka kusanthula

Pofuna kuphunzira khalidwe la zotsatira izi zinali zolondola, maola osachepera 8 isanafike chopereka magazi m'pofunika kudya phwando. Komanso, m'pofunika kugwirizana kutenga mankhwala, ngati, ndi dokotala nawo.

Zochepa chabe pamalangizo magazi

Zotsatira anali molakwika anakokomeza, m'pofunika kuti mupewe clotting magazi kudziwa tuzigawo twa mapuloteni ndi mapuloteni okwana. Electrophoresis wa seramu magazi ikuchitika mosamala, ngati pali imabwera kupotozedwa zotsatira chifukwa fibrinogen. Iwo sakuona mapuloteni nthenda kapena kusokonezedwa ndi iwo.

mfundo yachibadwa

Patangotha masiku pambuyo pa tsiku chitsanzo ndi wokonzeka kuyesa kwa electrophoresis mapulotini seramu. Norma analandira magawo ntchito akuluakulu:

1. Total mapuloteni - 63-82 g / L.
2. Albumin - 40-60% ya chiwerengero cha ting'onoting'ono.
3. α-globulins ₁ - 2-5%.
4. α-globulins ₂ - 7-13%.
5. β-globulins - 8-15%
6. γ-globulins - 12-22%.

Ayenera aziyang'anitsitsa

Kusintha kuchuluka kwa nusu iliyonse mapuloteni mu kapena pansi zingasonyeze chitukuko cha kudwala makamaka. Kuti mupeze mfundo zodalirika za izi ayenera electrophoresis mapulotini seramu. Zotsatira Decoding atsogolere odziwa ntchito zachipatala matenda ndi kusankha chithandizo.

Kuwonjezeka albumin

Pachiyambi, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa albumin mu kusanthula zotsatira. Kuwonjezeka kachigawo akhoza kukamba za madzi m'thupi. Izi zingachitike ngati wodwalayo amakhala ndi kusanza yaitali kapena matenda mu dongosolo m'mimba. Albumin kuwonjezera amapezeka amayaka linali lalikulu wa khungu.

yafupika albumin

Zoopsa kwambiri, ngati thupi amachepetsa chiwerengero cha albumin, mwina kulankhula za pathologies zotsatirazi:

1. Matenda a impso ndi chiwindi.
2. Kudwala pa mundawo m'mimba.
3. Opatsirana njira.
4. Chisokonezo dongosolo mtima.
5. Magazi.
6. Malignancies.
7. Sepsis.
8. La misempha.

A kuchepa pang'ono kuchuluka kwa albumin ungakhalenso:

1. Mu amayi oyembekezera.
2. Mu Mlingo owonjezera mankhwala.
3. Pa malungo yaitali.
4. Mu osuta lolemera.

Kusintha chiwerengero cha α1-globulins

Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa A1-globulins analembedwa ndi akusowa wa α ₁ -antitrypsin. Kuwonjezera mfundo yomweyi mu exacerbation kutupa mu thupi, matenda a chiwindi pa minofu kuwonongeka.

Kuchepetsa α2-globulins

Register mu shuga, kutupa kwa kapamba, mu akhanda ndi matenda a chikasu ndiyo mu chiwindi chiyambi poizoni. Umasonyeza wolakwika, akamakonda zakudya.

Kuwonjezeka α2-globulins

Zimachitika pa zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Inflammations, makamaka pamaso pa purulent exudates (kutupa m'mapapo ndi njira zina ndi kukhalapo kwa mafinya).
2. matenda Connective minofu (mwachitsanzo, matenda enaake ophwanya).
3. Malignancies.
4. Nthawi kuchira pambuyo amayaka.
5. Impso okhudzidwa.

Komanso, ngati chinthu khalidwe la hemolysis magazi mu m'galasi pa phunzirolo.

Kuchuluka β-globulins

Hyperlipidemia akusonyeza (kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa lipids m'magazi), chiwindi ndi impso kudwala. Kodi kuonedwa ndi lotseguka m'mimba chilonda ndi hypothyroidism (chithokomiro matenda ntchito). Yafupika tuzigawo twa anali kuunikira pa gipobetalipoproteinemii (kuwonjezeka kwa magazi chigawo betalipoprotein).

Kusintha nusu ya γ-globulins

kagulu kamene Izi zikutanthauza umembala wake immunoglobulins. Choncho kuwonjezeka γ-globulins opezeka pa zolephera mu chitetezo chokwanira. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamene zosiyanasiyana matenda, kupanga ndondomeko yotupa, kusintha mu minofu ndi kuwotcha kuvulala. Kukula kwa γ-globulins anali anamuona pa odwala matenda a chiwindi aakulu. Pafupifupi zinthu zofanana ndi khalidwe la matenda enaake. Zikavuta za matenda kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni γ-globulin nusu kwambiri kuposa albumin. Mu matenda ena akhoza kulephera mapangidwe γ-globulins, ndi chitukuko cha mapuloteni kusinthidwa mu magazi - paraprotein. immunoelectrophoresis - liwunikidwenso zachitika kudziwa chikhalidwe cha chitukuko chotero. chitsanzo ndi zina matenda myeloma Waldenstrom ndi kudwala.

Kuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa γ-globulins alinso chibadidwe mu pathologies zotsatirazi:

• lupus erythematosus;
• endotelioma;
• kupanga nyamakazi;
• osteosarcoma;
• aakulu lymphocytic khansa;
• candidiasis.

Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa γ-globulins

The kuchepa γ-globulins anawagawa mitundu 3:

1. Saline (mmene ana miyezi itatu kapena asanu).
2. Kobadwa nako (osauka atabadwa).
3. Idiopathic (pamene chifukwa cha chitukuko sakhoza kukhazikika).

kuchepa Secondary mayina a chitukuko cha matenda amene amayambitsa zikutha m'mayiko chitetezo cha m'thupi. Posachedwapa mu zochiritsira chikupitiriza Khadili kudziwa kuchuluka kwa prealbumin. Childs, phunziro limeneli ikuchitika odwala amene ali odwala mwakayakaya.

Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha prealbumin Nkofunika ndi zolondola mayeso kudziwa nyumba akusowa zakudya zomanga thupi mu thupi la wodwalayo. Pa kuwunika anachita pa prealbumin kudzudzulidwa mapuloteni kagayidwe odwala awa.

mkodzo electrophoresis

Mfundo ngati kusanthula ndi akufanana ndi kuchita electrophoresis umisiri seramu. Iwo ikuchitika kwa matenda zolondola kapena kudziwika kuvutika ena. Komanso, kusanthula ndi kungakuthandizeni kudziwa mtima pamaso pa proteinuria.

Pomaliza

Electrophoresis wa seramu ndi mkodzo - njira zofunika matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana. Chifukwa cha njira kafukufuku ndi olondola, amathandiza kudziwa mtundu wa kudwala. Zolondola matenda - zimene zingakuthandizeni kukonza mankhwala ndi kuchira bwino.