Economic madera. Zigawo dziko

Mu malo ndi ziwerengero chifukwa chochita mosavuta ndalama yaikulu mudziwe anaganiza kuonetsetsa madera ambiri a dziko, ndi mbali zina zofala chitukuko mbiri, malo lawolawo kapena chuma. Asadafe chifukwa kugawikana ngati zimathandiza asayansi ndi akuluakulu aonane panthaŵi inayake kwambiri kukhazikitsa njira zonse ndi yotithandiza chuma, komanso tizikhala ndi mfundo udindo chikhalidwe.

The zigawo zikuluzikulu za dziko

The gulu loyamba ndi odziwika ikuchitika tione cursory pa mapu m'mayiko ambirimbiri ndiponso ndale za dzikoli. Pachikhalidwe, maiko ali m'magulu malinga ndi udindo wawo pa kulalikira, koma ngati kugawanika si mokwanira nkhani, zigawo za dziko zidzasankhidwa zina.

Nthawi zina, monga ndi Australia kapena South America, malire chomwecho zigawo zachuma chikufotokoza za mayiko. Pa North America awiri zowerengera dera inali - makamaka North America ndi ku Central America dera, dziko lalikulu kwambiri ndilo dziko Mexico.

Europe monga mbali ya dziko lagawidwa ndi South West, North, East ndi Central. Lililonse dera European ali yekha achilendo m'mayiko ambirimbiri ndiponso mbiri nkhope yake ya chitukuko. Komanso, m'madera osiyanasiyana kulankhula zinenero za thupi magulu osiyana zinenero ngakhale mabanja.

cornucopia African

Pa Afrika, akatswiri kudziwa zigawo zisanu ndi mzake onse pa zinthu zimene anapanga chizindikiro andale a anthu awo, komanso mmene chuma chikuyendera.

Ku dera North Africa monga mayiko asanu ndi awiri, ndi kuzindikira chopanda malire lonse, kuphatikizapo Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Morocco, Tunisia ndi Sudan South ndi Algeria. Komanso, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic ndi kutsutsana m'gawo lake ulamuliro losadziwika m'mayiko ambiri - Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.

Izi chigawo chakale cha dziko, monga Africa West, muli khumi limati anapanga pambuyo liquidation wa maufumu a chitsamunda. Ena mwa mayiko amenewa, monga Nigeria, ndi lalikulu ndi chachikulu ndi anthu, pamene ena yopapatiza Mzere pamodzi Atlantic gombe.

Central ndi East Africa ndi ofanana makhalidwe Hrs, koma amasiyana chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana za chikoka chikhalidwe. Mu Africa East, makamaka kumpoto, akadali chimaonekadi motengera colonizers Italy, ngakhale iwo adakhala kumeneko kwa nthawi yaitali. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu dera la kumadzulo kwa Africa izo akadali zotheka kumva Chipwitikizi ndi French kulankhula, komanso m'mayiko ena, ndi chinenero French akuti ndi boma kapena boma Mwachitsanzo, mu Benin ndi Senegal.

dera South African ndi malo apadera kwambiri poyerekezera ndi anansi ake. Kwa nthawi yaitali mu South Africa anachita malamulo oletsa kuyenda ngakhale olowa woyera ndi wakuda mu zoyendera limodzi, ndi ofesi yaikulu m'dziko anagonjetsedwa ndi ana a azungu amene ankalamulira. Komabe, mu 1994, atsankho iletsedwe ndi boma, zinachititsa kuti kusintha kwa zinthu mkati mu dziko kumene anayamba paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi kusiya azungu.

ambiri Asia

gawo ili la kuli anthu ambiri mwa anthu ndipo ali zikhalidwe zambiri wakale wa dziko. Munthu wina kunja zingaoneke kuti mokwanira yunifolomu. Komabe, siziri choncho. Mu kukula m'dzikoli anachira zigawo zingapo lalikulu zachuma ndiponso madera ndi chikhalidwe zochokera kwa mfundo kadinala: Western, Central, Eastern, Northern, Southern ndi kum'mwera. Akatswiri ena kulabadira pawekha lawolawo la India, amaona kuti osiyana ethno-Hrs dera ndi mbiri wolemera chikhalidwe.

Kumene, kale kuti chinali kukopa kwakukulu mu dera Asian, China ali anthu lero ukufika anthu biliyoni milioni mazana awiri, ndi vuto la zachuma kuusandutsa dziko yachiwiri itatha US mawu a GDP.

Dziko ndi n'kupita

A malo apadera mu banja la zazikulu-zigawo amatenga Australia - kontinenti lalikulu mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera, limene lili m'malire a dziko la dzina lomwelo lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero cha anthu pafupi twente-foro miliyoni. nambala ya anthu molumikizana ndi gawo lalikulu amaiika mizere pamwamba mu kusanja zigawo osachepera kuli anthu a dziko.

Komabe, ngati zazikulu Australia ankaona pamodzi ndi New Zealand ndipo nthawizina ndi zilumba Micronesia.

awiri a America

Onse kontinenti American yodziwika ndi kusiyana kwambiri kwa anansi awo. Mu gawo ili la dziko anatuluka pansi zofanana kwambiri chikhalidwe European m'deralo.

Pa maiko a maiko awa atatu a m'dera, ndi wina chuma ndi ndale - North America, American South ndi America Central. Dera wadzadza kwambiri.