Dongosolo la "5C" mu kupanga: kufotokoza, mbali, mfundo ndi ndemanga

Mkulu wa kampani iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za ntchito, akufuna kukula phindu ndi ndalama yopanga kuti sichinasinthe. Pofuna kukwaniritsa chifukwa bwino, dongosolo "5S" kupanga (5S mu Baibulo English), ozikidwa yekha pa ntchito zomveka chuma mkati.

dongosolo lino osati kuchita kulengedwa kuchokera zikande. Zofanana kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX apereka American Frederick Taylor. Mu Russia takhala tikugwira ntchito pa izi wasayansi, chosintha, katswiri wa nzeru ndi ideologist AA Bogdanov, amene lofalitsidwa mu 1911 buku lofotokoza mfundo za kasamalidwe sayansi. Pamaziko a zinthu zili momwemo mu Soviet Union kuti akuyendera nyimbo, ndiye gulu sayansi ntchito. Koma kwambiri wangwiro mwa maganizodwe a Japanese injiniya Tayiti Ono Ndinawasonyezanso kwa fakitale Toyota Njinga System "5C" kuntchito. Kodi izo, ndi chifukwa dongosolo Japanese wakhala wotchuka?

Popeza kuti zachokera pa mfundo yosavuta kuti amafuna palibe mtengo. Iye ndi ichi - aliyense wogwira ntchito ku osamalira kwa wotsogolera, ndi konza gawo lawo mu mayendedwe wonse. Zimenezi zimabweretsa ponso kupanga phindu ambiri ndi kukula kwa ndalama antchito ake onse. Tsopano Baton ku yoika, "5C" anatengedwa malonda padziko lonse, kuphatikizapo Russia. M'nkhani ino tidzayesetsa kuti zimenezi zikathandiza okaikira kuti Japanese wodziwa mmene amathandizadi, ndipo mwamtheradi mu dera lirilonse la ntchito.

"5S" dongosolo kupanga icho chiri

Mayiko 5S amayimira masitepe asanu ( "Gawo" mogwirizana English). Ena chuma ndi kumbali ya watsopano mtima kuti ntchito kufotokoza dzina la asanu mfundo ya Japanese, zonse kukhazikitsa 5S mu dongosolo: seiri, seiton, SEIS, seiketsu ndi sitsuke. Pakuti ife pafupi ndi zambiri kumvetsa mbadwa wathu "5C" - zisanu yotsatana zimene muyenera kuchita pofuna kukwaniritsa chuma cha ulimi wake. Ali:

1. Mtundu.

2. Compliance ndi dongosolo.

3. Zamkatimu woyera.

4. Standardization.

5. Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro.

Monga mukuonera, palibe chachilendo dongosolo "5S" kupanga pamafunika. Mwina n'chifukwa chake n'zotheka kukumana mpaka kukhulupirirana ndi maganizo wamba.

Masitepe polenga dongosolo

Wanzeru Japanese Tayiti Ono, amene, chifukwa cha kumayambiriro fakitale kwa kupanga "Toyota" njira zawo, anakwanitsa anayamba kugwiritsa kuchokera injiniya kwa woyang'anira wamkulu, anasonyeza kuti imfa ndi chifukwa zosiyanasiyana umboni ndi overlaps. Mwachitsanzo, pa conveyor si anaperekedwa pa nthawi zomangira iliyonse yaing'ono, ndi chifukwa zinagwa kupanga lonse. Kapena mosinthanitsa, mfundo ada mangala ndi katundu, iwo anali zosafunika ndiponso chifukwa cha munthu kuchokera ndodo ankachita kuwatenga iwo ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu, ndiyeno nthawi yocheza ntchito zopanda kanthu. Tayiti Ono anayamba lingaliro, amene adayitana "mu nthawi". Ie pa conveyor tsopano akubwera zambiri zomwe mukufuna.

Pali zitsanzo zina. "5S" dongosolo mu kupanga mulinso mfundo "kanban," limatanthauza Japanese "malonda chizindikiro". Tayiti Ono zoperekedwa kwa chilichonse aliyense chida kapena gwiritsitsani otchedwa opatsidwa "kanban," chidapatsidwa kwa zonse zofunika pa mbali kapena zipangizo. Mfundo ndi ntchito chilichonse. Mwachitsanzo, katundu, mankhwala, mafoda mu ofesi. Lingaliro lachitatu, ozikidwa pa dongosolo la "5C" kuntchito, anali maganizo "kaizen," kutanthauza kusintha mosalekeza. Ife tikubwera ndi mfundo zina kuti kubwera okha njira kwambiri apadera kupanga. M'nkhaniyi, ife osaganizira. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, a zaluso zonse anayesedwa mchitidwe anapanga njira 5 applicable kupanga chilichonse. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

kusanja

Ambiri a ife pa desktops kudziunjikira zinthu kuti, mfundo Sikuti. Mwachitsanzo, pali akuluakulu osati ntchito owona, drafts anapezazo, nsalu, pa adayima kapu ya khofi. Ndipo mwa chisokonezo ichi chikhoza kukhala owona bwino kapena zikalata. Mfundo yaikulu ya "5S" dongosolo amatanthauza konza mayendedwe anu, inu muyenera kuchita kuti tiziwononga nthawi kufufuza zinthu zoyenera mwa blockages zosafunika. Ichi ndi mtundu. Ndiko kuti, kuntchito (pafupi makina tebulo mu situdiyo - paliponse) zinthu zonse kukodzedwa m'miyulumiyulu awiri - zofunika ndi zosafunika, chimene chili chofunika kuchotsa. Komanso, chabwino linakwiriridwa mu mulu zotsatirazi, "amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zonse," "kawirikawiri ntchito", "izo nkomwe ankagwiritsa." Mu kusanja uno ukatha.

pofuna kusunga

Ngati inu monga kupanga zinthu, palibe chomwe chidzathe. Tiyenera zinthu izi (zipangizo, zikalata) kukodzedwa bwino monga mosalekeza ntchito ndi zambiri anakapezeka pa malingaliro kapena kuti akhoza kukhala mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta kuika kumbuyo. Chinthu kawirikawiri ntchito, akhoza anatumiza paliponse mu bokosi, koma m'pofunika angagwirizanitse chizindikiro "kanban", kotero kuti patapita nthawi inu mosavuta molondola kupeza izo. Monga mukuonera, "5S" dongosolo kuntchito imayamba ndi masitepe ofunika kwambiri, koma kwenikweni likukhalira kukhala kwambiri. Ndipo pambali, bwino maganizo ndi kufuna ntchito.

Zamkatimu woyera

njila iyi ya chitatu ndi anthu ambiri zomveka kwambiri. Kusunga ukhondo tikuphunzitsidwa kuyambira ali mwana. Mu zotsimikizira kuti ndi kofunika, ndipo iyenera kukhala yomveka bwino osati monga ogwira ntchito kapena makabati mu nyumba Catering, komanso makina, zofunikira chipinda okonza. Mu Japan, ogwira ntchito mosamala zokhudzana ndi ntchito zawo, katatu tsiku kukolola - m'mawa pamaso ntchito, masana ndi madzulo, pa mapeto a tsiku wotanganidwa. Komanso, iwo anayambitsa mabizinezi wapadera chodetsa m'madera amene amalemekeza kupanga dongosolo, m'madera ndiyo mitundu yosiyanasiyana amalembedwa katundu kusasanyiwa, kusunga mbali zina ndi zina.

standardization

mfundo standardization anatulukira koma Tayiti Ono. Yaikulu ntchito masiku ano 5S dongosolo. kupanga kasamalidwe, ndi standardizing afika chida chachikulu kulamulira zonse ndondomeko. Chifukwa, mwamsanga kuthetsa zimene zimayambitsa kumbuyo ndandanda ndi zolakwa zolondola chopatsa kupanga mankhwala osauka kwambiri. Pa Toyota Njinga mbewu standardization ngati ngati ichinso: ambuye cholinga ntchito tsiku kuntchito anapachika malangizo ofunika pa mapeto a ntchito moyo ndodo wapadera kukayendera tsiku panali zolakwika pa dongosolo ndipo n'chifukwa. Izi ndi ulamuliro yaikulu ya standardization, kuti ndi malangizo ofunika, mapulani ntchito ndi kuwunika awo kukhazikitsa. Tsopano mabizinezi ambiri, monga mafakitale ENSTO mu Estonia, anayambitsa bonasi dongosolo ogwira ntchito mosamalitsa kutsatira chakudya cha dongosolo, "5C" ndipo maziko a izi kusintha ntchito yawo, zomwe, tidzayesetsa kwambiri kutengera lino kukhala moyo.

ungwiro

Chinthu chachisanu, amene anamaliza kulemba dongosolo "5S" kuntchito, potengera mfundo Kaizen. Zikutanthauza kuti ogwira ntchito onse, mosasamala kanthu za udindo, ayenera kuyesetsa kusintha ndondomeko ya ntchito pa malo awo. Mfundo yaikulu ya nthanthi ya kaizen ndi moyo wathu wonse akupeza bwino tsiku lililonse, ndipo pamtengo ntchito - ndi gawo la moyo, komanso usakhale kuchokera patsogolo pa.

Field ya ntchito pano ambiri, chifukwa cha malire mu ungwiro kulibe. Malinga ndi malingaliro a ku Japan, ogwira okha ndi chofuna kukonza ndondomeko yake kupanga, popanda kutsogoleredwa ndi compulsions. Tsopano mabungwe ambiri kulenga gulu la anthu amene kusamalira amasokoneza kuphunzitsa zinachitikira ake abwino a ena, amawathandiza kuchita.

zolakwa zazikulu

Kuti zinthu "5C" anayamba kugwira ntchito, sikokwanira bungwe kapena kutenga antchito omwe amakhala ngati chotikakamiza anzawo kukhazikitsa izo. Nkofunika kuti anthu kudziwa phindu la luso ili ndi kutengedwa ngati moyo. Kukhazikitsa "5S" dongosolo kupanga mu Russia ndi amakumana ndi mavuto ndendende chifukwa chakuti maganizo athu Russian ndi chosiyana ndi Japanese. Kwa ambiri a makampani amakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

1. antchito, makamaka ngati alibe zolimbikitsa chingatilimbikitse, safuna kuwonjezera phindu la kumalo a ntchito. Akukufunsa, chifukwa kuyesa mkulu watanthauzo ngati iye ndi chirichonse chiri kumeneko.

2. mitu okha safuna ndikukhazikitsa "5S" dongosolo, chifukwa iwo saona monga yoyenera.

3. ambiri langizo la, "pamwamba-pansi," ntchito kuchita kuti "amasonyeza" chokha. Mu Japan, pali maganizo osiyana kwambiri ntchito yawo. Mwachitsanzo, yemweyo Tayiti Ono, poyamba dongosolo la "5C", sanali kuganiza za munthu phindu ndi phindu la kampani, imene iye anali chabe injiniya.

4. mabizinezi ambiri anayambitsa mokakamiza "5S" dongosolo. kupanga Taphunzira, kutanthauza kuthetsedwa zinyalala a mitundu yonse (ntchito maola, zipangizo, ogwira ntchito zabwino, chilimbikitso ndi zosintha zina) pa nthawi yomweyo alibe ntchito monga antchito anayamba Subconsciously kukana luso, zomwe pamapeto pake kumachepetsa anayesetsa kuti ziro.

5. Atsogoleri zikugwiritsa dongosolo, sitikuwamvetsa bwino akamanena ake, nchifukwa chake pali zolephera mu njira okhazikika bwino kupanga.

6. Standardization zambiri akufotokozera mu bureaucracy ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino amapeza malangizo ndi malamulo, amene yekha kulepheretsa ntchitoyi.

Reviews

Ku Russia, amene anayambitsa dongosolo la "5C" kuntchito, luso izi ndemanga wosanganiza kwambiri kumanzere. Titchuke pluses:

• wokoma kukhala pa ntchito;
• musati zimalepheretsa ku ntchito ya zinthu zosafunika;
• bwino ndi mayendedwe;
• yafupika kutopa kumapeto kwa kuloza;
• malipiro kuchuluka pang'ono chifukwa kuwonjezeka zokolola ntchito;
• utachepa kuvulala kuntchito.

Titchuke kuipa:

• mtundu, anakakamizika kutaya zonse;
• standardization kwachititsa kuwonjezeka bureaucracy;
• oyamba a "5S" dongosolo osati m'madera onse a kampani anawonjezera vutolo;
• dongosolo kupanga mu malo oyamba, "5C" udawaphimba zinthu zofunika monga kupanda zida zosinthira.