Contemporary American wojambula Cindy Sherman: Wambiri, zilandiridwenso

Masiku ano ladzala zosiyanasiyana zaluso ndi zilandiridwenso. Zolinga aluso kulenga ntchito zawo, ndi chosiyana. chinthu chimodzi momveka bwino: aliyense akufuna kubweretsa chinachake chatsopano. Wina mothandizidwa ndi luso akufuna kusonyeza mmene awo, wina akufuna kukupatsani dziko ndi modicum zabwino. Cindy Sherman anali mmodzi wa ojambula zithunzi amene akuswa olakwika. Iye amapanga zosangalatsa za maziko ano ndi malamulo, ndipo chikondi chake.

kubadwa

Cindy Sherman anabadwa mu 1954. March 19 mwanayo anabadwa mu Glen Ridge, New Jersey (a mzinda wa New York). Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwake makolo ake anasamukira ku Huntington, Long Island. Mu banja lake la ana asanu. Makolo anga anali ndi chochita ndi luso. Atate ndi katswiri, ndi mayi wake - mphunzitsi.

ubwana

Wambiri Cindy Sherman kumayambira banja lalikulu. Bakuman anali mwana wachisanu ndi lomaliza, ngakhale pa nthawi ana awiri anali kale kudzidalira ndipo amakonda kukhala mosiyana. Atate zambiri anasonyeza chikhalidwe chake wosamalitsa, ndipo mayi anali kuwateteza. Mmodzi wa abale achikulire, Cindy Sherman, Frank pa zaka 27 anadzipha chifukwa cha kulephera mu moyo wake. Munthu mbasowa mbuto zawo pansi pano, ndipo zimenezi zinachititsa kuti kwambiri.

Kale pa msinkhu oyambirira mtsikana amandikonda zithunzi. Iye anadziveka mu zovala zosiyanasiyana kuyambira agogo ake, iye samasintha amakonzera tsitsi ndi utoto. Iye sanali ndi chidwi zithunzi za mafumu ndi mfumukazi, monga ena a msinkhu umodzi, iye anadziveka mu madona akale, mfiti ndi zowopsa. Komanso, Cindy ankagwiritsa amene kenako anasiya amaonekera pa moyo wake.

moyo sukulu

Banja Cindy Sherman analibe ndalama zokwanira mu maphunziro a ana, choncho mu 1972 iye anaganiza zopita ku University College ku Buffalo. Apo iye ananyamula kupenta, koma patapita kanthawi ndinazindikira kuti sankafuna kutengera ntchito anthu ena, iye ankafuna kuti achite chinachake ake ofunika kwambiri. Cindy anazindikira kuti kamera adzatha kutengera chithunzichi ndi momuposa iye, pang'onopang'ono anazimitsa chithunzi. Izi anam'patsa chipinda zambiri kudzoza ndi malingaliro atsopano. Mu 1977 iye anapita ku sukulu ya University ndipo analandira dipuloma.

chilengedwe

Chikadzangotha maphunziro, iye akuyamba kubweretsa malingaliro awo moyo ndi kuyamba kugwira ntchitoyi latsopano. Iye natchedwa Chizindikiro Film stills, amene anamasuliridwa kuti "Movie opanda dzina." A mndandanda wa zithunzi ake wakuda ndi woyera lofalitsidwa mu 1980 ndi inkakhala zithunzi 69. Cindy lokha zinthu monga chitsanzo, zovala mlengi, zodzoladzola wojambula ndi wojambula zithunzi mwa munthu mmodzi. Mu 1980, anasiya ntchito pa ntchito imeneyi, chifukwa pa nthawiyo zinkaoneka kuti ndodo ndi kutopa.

Anaitanidwa zisudzo zosiyanasiyana, koma Sherman maganizo kuti wosatenga ndalama iliyonse. ojambula zithunzi zina analandira ndendende maganizo omwewo womkanikizawo, monga ilo liri, koma zasungidwa awo apamwamba kwambiri. Chaka chomwecho, Cindy wasankha ntchito mu mtundu ndi mtundu waukulu. ntchito lachiwiri yathandiza anthu kuti akhalenso ena sanasangalale nazo. zithunzi anagwidwa ndi masanzi ndi ena "chonyansa" zinthu, koma anthu anagula ntchito.

Mu 1990, chithunzicho ali ndi ntchito atsopano otchedwa History Zithunzi / Old Ambuye ( «zakale Zithunzi / The Old Ambuye"). Ngakhale kupanga mndandanda wa zithunzi za chithunzicho anali ku Roma, koma kwenikweni sanapite owonetsera zakale kapena mu mpingo. ntchito zawo iye analenga, basi modalira kubalana mabuku. Ndipo atafika ndalama ake. Lokha Sherman ananena kuti izi zinachitika chifukwa omvera salinso tikufuna tione "luso lamakono", iwo ankafuna chinachake odzipereka kwambiri ndi ofunda.

Kenako ntchito anamuitana iye Kugonana Zithunzi ( «Kugonana Zithunzi"). Pakuti chilengedwe chake, chithunzicho mwapadera analamula zachipatala mwamuna ndi mannequins wamkazi. Popeza ziwalo kugonana si wosiyana kwambiri kukongola, mtsikana onse olondola. Zimenezi zinathandiza maphunziro ake kupenta. Iye kuzilemba obisika tsitsi ndi utoto mannequins ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Sherman ali ana amakopeka ndi zinthu, anatero, ndi kuti ntchito yake yaikulu inali kupeza chifukwa amaona chikhumbo chotero.

funso limeneli awulule izo ntchito yake yatsopano Civil Nkhondo ( «The Civil nkhondo"). Polojekiti lonse wamuloŵerera. nkhanza, chiwawa ndi zidutswa anthu a lawola nyama. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti wojambula kumvetsa kuti kumlingo amaitana mitu ya imfa.

Cha mma 1990, iye ayesera yekha mu udindo wa mkulu. filimu ake otchedwa Office wakupha ( «wakupha mu ofesi") wabweretsa kutchuka, koma iye sangakhoze kukhala chinthu choipa, chifukwa ntchito imeneyi ikuphatikizapo Mitundu zingapo: Comedy, mantha yonthunthumilitsa. Zonse mu mzimu wa Cindy Sherman.

Patapita kanthawi, mayi afuna kupita ku mizu ndi kubala mndandanda wa zithunzi za ukalamba actresses. Polojekiti yatsopanoyi akutchulidwa ake "zochitika pa kanema opanda dzina", komwe atsikana ndi wokongola ataya umoyo wawo, iwo zokha, koma zidakali chithumwa zina ndi intrigue. Pambuyo pake, chithunzicho amayesa yekha m'chifanizo cha chisudzo a. Zithunzi kunapezeka m'malo chisoni ndi mwamakani kuposa zosangalatsa. Mu 2000, chithunzicho anamasulidwa ntchito yatsopano imene anasonyeza Hollywood bombast onse. Kwambiri kudzipangitsa ndi silikoni.

Chithunzicho yekha anavomereza, kuti nthawizonse wakhala ali wodzichepetsa, amene chake nthawi zina anafuna kukhala munthu wosiyana. Pakuti zovala zawo zonse, mawigi ndi mbali chigamba cha thupi, akazi ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri. Iwo bwino anakonza mu makabati angapo.

art Features

The zithunzi loyamba Cindy Sherman amafanana mafelemu a moyo, mwangozi anajambula pa kamera. Iye sanali amasankha munthu mwachindunji amene akufuna kusonyeza ntchito yake amasankha mtundu winawake, ndi chidwi. anthu onse, amene iye ankafotokozedwa ndi zopeka. chithunzicho amachotsa yekha ndi apo akumufunsa winawake kuti amuthandize. Iye sindinadandaule kufunafuna zitsanzo ntchito zawo. Cindy anayesa kuwombera anzanga ndi achibale, ndipo ngakhale kamodzi anamulemba ganyu wothandizira, koma palibe mmodzi wa iwo, iye sakanatha kugwira ntchito, chifukwa iye sanali kudziwa chimene akufuna kuona pa zithunzi zawo. Iye basi kufotokoza chimene iye akufuna. Kwa iwo, izo zonse zinali zosangalatsa, koma iyo inali ntchito ya Cindy.

Nthawi zambiri izo amaonetsera akazi nezi zosiyanasiyana m'moyo: bizinesi malonda mkazi, hule, mayi wokhala pakhomo, ndi simpleton, wantchito laibulale, kapena mokhudza popanda kudalira munthu wina. Ntchito yake sasiya aliyense osayanjanitsika. Iwo ali ozadzidwa ndi sewero, maganizo ndiponso zotenga maganizo, wakuda nthabwala. Cindy zikusonyeza anthu amakono, kubisala maganizo awo mumtimamu kunja ndi - ndi kumwetulira onyenga ndi grimaces.

Feminism ntchito

Mu ntchito zake, wojambula zithunzi Cindy Sherman anasonyeza otchulidwa wamkazi: mtsikana amene amayenda Kukwera Magalimoto Aeni akulira ataledzera mkazi wogwira ntchito mu ofesi, mwana mu mzinda, anasiya mbuye. Inde, otsutsa anaona zithunzi zolinga loteteza ufulu wa akazi. mapangidwe ake kusonyeza yabodza. Choncho, mkazi wina anayesera kusonyeza bombast onse a udindo wamkazi ndi khalidwe zina zobwera ku dziko ya kugonana fairer. Mosiyana ojambula zina, Cindy wakhala anakhalabe kuti kunama kamera a. maonekedwe ake kulenga pa dziko ndi chilengedwe ofanana yolalikira luso ano. Kotero iye akuona zimene zikuchitika iwo.

Poyamba walandira kuti watsopano kuchokera magazini Artforum, mafano ake loteteza ufulu wa akazi anautsa padziko lonse. Iwo ankawoneka ngati parody zithunzi magazini zolaula yekha heroine sankaoneka zosangalatsa, m'malo mwake, iwo achisoni ndi kutopa. Choncho, masiku American wojambula Cindy Sherman anafuna kusonyeza momwe kumva mtsikana pansi osatekeseka wamwamuna maso. Kodi amayesetsa kukhala m'dziko kumene udindo waukulu akadali ngwa anthu.

processing kompyuta

Polenga ntchito zake Sherman anali amachita ntchito kompyuta. Popeza ambiri a iwo adzamasulidwa ku situdiyo, ndiye mothandizidwa ndi mapulogalamu izo dorisovyvaet maziko. Mwa njira imeneyi chithunzicho amagwiritsa adzayankha chithunzi kudzitama ndi chinyengo.

zisudzo

Chikadzangotha buku la ntchito yake yoyamba - "zochitika pa kanema opanda dzina" - msungwana akubwera bwino. Tsopano khamu akubwereza dzina lina: Cindy Sherman - wojambula. Iye ali nawo zisudzo angapo lonse, mmodzi amene anali ndi Venice Biennale. chionetserochi ndi mwayi waukulu chifukwa aluso. Patapita zaka 5, ntchito yake wakhala anasonyeza mu wotchuka Museum wa Art American "Whitney."

Mu 2012, ku New York Museum of Modern Art kunalinso chionetsero chachikulu cha ntchito chithunzicho, umene unadzipereka kwa chikumbutso 35 ntchito yake.

Mosiyana ndi ojambula zithunzi zina zambiri, Cindy si adzandipereka anzanga, ndipo zithunzi wake umakhalabe New York Metro Pictures, chimene adachipasula kale poyera m'makoma ntchito yake oyambirira.

moyo

Mu 1984, Cindy Sherman anakwatira mkulu wa France Michel Oder. Ku ukwati palibe ana a chithunzicho, ngakhale iye anabala mwana wake Michelle. Kenako linatha. Kuchokera mu 2007 mpaka 2011, Cindy anali pa ubwenzi ndi luso wojambula David Byrne.

ntchito

Mu 1980 ntchito ya wojambula wamng'ono wabweza dziko kutchuka, ndipo mu 1995 Museum wa Modern Art anagula mndandanda wonse wa "zochitika pa kanema opanda dzina" for $ 1,000,000, patapita kanthawi, mmodzi wa zithunzi zake anagulitsidwa kwa $ 190.000. Mu 1997, woimba wotchuka Madonna Akuonetsetsa chionetsero ake "Zithunzi filimu popanda dzinalo."

Kumene, tikhoza kunena kuti fano, anapereka kalembedwe zojambulajambula, inasanduka Cindy Sherman. Muyezo wa ntchito yake ndi mkulu. Mu mndandanda wa "anthu otchuka pa luso dziko" ndi malo 7. Ntchito, iye lakwaniritsa m'mwamba zedi. Aliyense wojambula akhoza kudzitama kuti ntchito yake - akale ndi atsopano - mu ankafuna kwambiri. Pa nthawi, Cindy Sherman ndi wotchuka ndi otchuka wojambula mu dziko. Palibe zithunzi si sizigulitsidwa zosakwana $ 50,000. Komabe, admirers ya Cindy Sherman zambiri ndikufuna akagule zonse za ntchito zake.

yobetcherana

Pachaka ndalama Cindy Sherman ku malonda a ntchito zake pa amagulitsa nsombazo mu nthawi kuchokera 2000 mpaka 2006 ranged kwa $ oposa 1.5 miliyoni kuti $ 2.8. Mu 2007, kuchuluka kwa $ miliyoni 8,9. Photo Sherman "Chizindikiro # 96" (1981) anagulitsidwa pa yobetcherana kwa $ 3.890.500.

Ntchito imeneyi anaonekera mu mndandanda wa zithunzi kwambiri mtengo. Iwo akunena wokongola mtsikana wina atagona pansi, amene wagwira chidutswa cha malonda nyuzipepala za chibwenzi. Sherman anaika mu ntchito yawo waphindu. Innocent mtsikana, kuti akusungulumwa ndi okopa, ndi chidutswa cha pepala ndi kulengeza womdziwa, kuti si koma ndiri kwathunthu mphamvu chilli buthulo maloto kumasuka ndi kupita kukakumana ndi ulendo.