Comedy AS Griboyedov a "Tsoka kwa nzeru" - mwachidule

Mu mabuku Russian pali ntchito amene tsoka - sidzafota, nthawi zonse zosangalatsa, zogwirizana, apakhungu ndi mu ankafuna mibadwo latsopano owerenga. Mmodzi wa iwo - wachisavundi sewero lanthabwala Griboyedov.

Werenganinso "Tsoka kwa nzeru" kachiwiri

Griboyedov sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" okhutira mwachidule amene zoona, yafupika ponena za masiku atatu anakhala ku Moscow Chatsky, analenga furor mwa owerenga. Zinalembedwa 1824, chaka pamaso kugalukira Decembrist, izo kwenikweni yakuwadzudzumisa anthu ake okhutira oukira, ndipo protagonist wake, Peter A. Chatsky amaona woukira boma woona, "Carbonaro" mthenga wa kupata maganizo ndale komanso ndi maloto.

Kuwerenga sewero lanthabwala "Tsoka kwa nzeru" (chidule), ife kubwerera ku Moscow mbuye m'zaka za m'ma 19. Morning nyumba Famusov wolemera njonda, yemwe amakhala ku mwambo wa ang'onoang'ono zapitazi akale. Iye ali ndi ndodo ya atumiki akuopa moto nkhalango yake, nyumba yake, wochereza alendo, wokonzeka mabanja yodalirika ndi ana awo, apatsa mipira zonse ndipo amayesetsa kuti mwana wake wamkazi Sophia kwa olemera, wobadwa Mwenechiroache mundu, "archival mnyamata" ndi cholowa zabwino kapena wolimba asilikali mkulu tithe.

Kusanthula ntchito zoterezi, "Tsoka kwa nzeru", mwachidule zomwe ife tisanthule, sitingathe kumvetsetsa Izitu n'zovutitsa amene ndakatulo amatanthauza Famusov. Zikuoneka powonekera pa nthawi imene buthulo anagogoda Lisa kuti Sophia, dona wamng'ono ake, kuti kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa mmawa. Ndipotu, Sophia ali m'chikondi ndi mlembi atate wake, "rootless" Molchalin, ndipo ngati iye apeza "banja" mkwiyo wake alidi choyipa. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika, koma Sophie amalowerera kutuluka ndi kutenga kusakondwa bambo ake wekha wokondedwa.

FAMUSOV mu zaka, adakondweretsa iyemwini ndi akuganiza udindo wake woyenera chitsanzo munthu. Mwanjira imeneyi, iye akuti mwana wake didactic tirade, kumutukwana mafashoni atsopano mu kudutsa malamulo amene achinyamata chifuniro kwambiri kukhonda kutsanzira zitsanzo zakunja madiresi, ulemu ndi maphunziro.

Kuchita "Tsoka kwa nzeru" - mwachidule akuganizira ichi - akuthamangira ikusintha pa malamulo a luso kwambiri. Mmodzi poonekera pakapita wina mofulumira, ndipo tsopano Lisa ndi Sophie yekha. Famusov mwana sanali kutamanda zokwanira Molchalin, mantha wake, wodekha chete wamtima, kuimba nyimbo, zomwe iwo anali kuchita usiku onse. Lisa zambiri ngati bwenzi lakale la Akazi - Chatsky kuti zaka zitatu amayenda kunja. Mu maganizo a Lisa, iye ndi wanzeru, wochenjera manenedwe, ndi n'zosangalatsa ndi chidwi. Koma Sophia Chatsky - kukumbukira hafu ya zachibwana zaka, osati zambiri, ndipo Molchalin tilinazo izo ziri tsopano pafupi kuluma nzeru ya Peter Andreyevich.

Mwadzidzidzi mtumiki kulengeza kubera Chatsky. Nkomwe anaonekera pa chipinda chochezera, iye chitaya yekha pamaso Sophia pa maondo ake, nampsopsonetsa dzanja lake, iye imakhumbira kukongola kwake, anafunsa ngati iye anasangalala, ngati aiwala. Sophia manyazi zikachitika, chifukwa ngwazi za khalidwe ngati panali zaka zitatu kupatulidwa, monga ngati iwo anali adagawana yekha dzulo, kudziwa za mzake ndi onse pafupi mwana.

Kenako, kukambirana akutembenukira kwa abwenzi mgwirizano, ndipo Sophie chikutsimikizira kuti Chatsky zonse monga kuweruza anthu akungondinyoza aliyense amene lilime lake anakhala akuthwa ndi zambiri zankhanza. Ponena Molchalin iye Eti ananenapo kuti iye ayenera kale ntchito - tsopano "wosalankhula" wofunika kwambiri ndipo mtima. The mwakhama kwambiri Mawu a ngwazi, dziko ndi mosamala mtsikana chimamuuza. Umodzi wa omalizira a M'mawu ake - kunong'ona pambali: "Palibe munthu - njoka"

Chatsky anazunguzika ndipo akupita kunyumba kusintha mwa njira, kukanda mitu yawo pa zazikulu iye funso lakuti: "Kodi kwenikweni amatanthauza Sophia, saletsa amakukondani, ndipo ngati mtima utakhazikika pansi, ndiye amene tsopano ntchito mtima wake?"

Komanso, ngati ife tisanthule mu "Tsoka kwa nzeru" (chidule) a zochita, yomwe akutchulidwa kiyi adzakuchezerani Skalozub - martinet, kupanga ntchito pa mitu ya comrades wake, atachita ignoramus amene sangathe kufotokoza maganizo awo ndi osadziwa kwenikweni kanthu koma hayala. Komabe FAMUSOV sadzasiya iye, chifukwa msilikali - gulu lalikulu kwa Sophia! Parish Chatsky akuphwanya idyll. Hero wa kukangana nawo, wokanayo monologue Famusov kuti munthu ayenera kukhala mu njira yakale, monga limakhulupirira, famusovskogo amalume. Ndi kutamandidwa chinyengo, kumuchepetsa ndi osyasyalika analandira malo yabwino bwalo. Paulo Afanasievich amaweruza nthawi ino, salemekeza masiku akale, "makolo" ndi mantha Chatsky pamene akunena soliloquy wake wotchuka "Kodi oweruza?" Ndi kulira kwa mnyamatayo, "Carbonaro", akufuna kulalikira "ufulu" ndipo alibe kuzindikira ulamuliro, iye akuthamanga mchipindamo.

Zomwe zinachitika china chofunika - Sophia amaona MOLCHALIN imagwera pa kavalo, ndi iye pafupifupi faints chisangalalo - kuti iye amapereka yekha kutali. Chatsky koma sakukhulupilira kuti mtsikanayu, ndi maganizo ake, maphunziro ndi luso kumvetsa anthu, akhoza tisatengere chotero kugwedezeka. Atatha kukambirana ndi Molchalin yekha, Peter A. kukhulupirira kuuma, kukwiya ndi zinthu zazing'ono, wamantha, toadying interlocutor ndipo anamaliza kuti sanasankhe Sophia.

Mu "Tsoka kwa nzeru" kuwerenga mwachidule otsiriza kanthu zili ndi ofunika chidwi. The mpira kwa Famusov anasonkhana nthanzi lolemera Moscow. Aliyense khalidwe kwalembedwa kunja Griboyedov mwaluso, zokongola, ndi pamodzi akuimira chithunzi zowombetsa mkota wa autocratic ang'onoang'ono anthu oipa kwambiri a mawonetseredwe ake: retrograde, servility, umbuli ndi kusaphunzira, zosaneneka kupusa ndi kuuma. Chifukwa chakuti zonse zimasangalatsa kukhulupirira Sophia kumva za misala Chatsky, kukatola ndi kufalitsa kuzungulira mzindawo.

Nthumanzi mnyamata amathawa Moscow, kumene iye sanali "wokwera kwambiri." Manyazi Sofia, onetsetsani mmene zoipa, woipitsitsa ndi wopanda kanthu MOLCHALIN. Koma ambiri Chofunika, anagonjetsa FAMUSOV - kusokoneza mphamvu otchuka. Pambuyo Chatsky - ndi chizindikiro choyamba, ndipo wotsatira kudzakhala ena - moyo serf monga anazolowera, sanathenso.